Maritime installation

The maritime installation consists, in France, in the installation of the littoral in its continental part like in the maritime part of the feature of coast. This concept appeared in the Années 1990 to replace littoral installation.

Context

The littorals are confronted today with problems very important and urgent to treat. Indeed, the littoral territories of the Whole world are subjected to many pressures. Those are, moreover, increasing since the acceleration of the second universalization which is carried out since the Années 1980.

Today half of the inhabitants of Europe live in coastal area, i.e. with less than 50 kilometers of the feature of coast. In France it is a quarter of the population which lives in this zone.

But it has been for 50 years that the maritime potentialities are development, and that the littoral becomes a very strong space of pressures, with in particular the “desire of shore” which is a social claim arriving with the advent of the spare time.

Maritime Installation

The maritime installation of the French coast is carried out of long time. However, before the years 1990, it is the term of littoral installation which was used. However, this denomination returned account only the continental part of a coast. On the other hand, the concept of installation maritime, takes into account as well the continental parts as maritime of the feature of coast.

It is in this direction that was proposed in 1999 the concept of Country maritime per Yves Lebahy. This concept, stated by the Law for the Installation and the Development of the Territories of 1995 (LOADT), defines the countries as territories on which the local actors - elected officials, socio-professional, associative actors - define themselves a total and prospective development project. Thereafter, in 1999, Dominique Voynet, with the Law for the Installation and the Sustainable development of the Territories, will facilitate the creation of the Countries and will give them a more bearable mission of development. The maritime aspect added by Yves Lebahy to the will to show the relevance of this particular territorial level, in particular on coastal spaces.

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