Marinos de Seattle
The corossol , or anone ( sapoti in the Island of the Meeting), is the Fruit corossolier ( Annona muricata , of the family of the Annonaceae , which pushes in Africa, in America and Asia). It measures up to 30 cm length and can weigh up to 2,5 kg. Its appearance is of a dark green because of its pricked bark of spines and its flesh is white and pulpy with indigestible black seeds.
The flesh of the corossol is edible and has a taste at the same time sweetened and acidulated - standard Malabar . That makes of it a fruit exploited in the agro-alimentary one for the clothes industry of ices.
Whereas it is of a quite different taste, the corossol is sometimes confused with the Pomme-cannelle or paw paw, fruit of another species of annonacée.
On the Dietetic level, the corossol is rich in Glucide S, in particular in Fructose, and it contains rather large quantities of Vitamine C, Vitamine B1, and Vitamine B2.
Just like the sheets of the plant, the flesh and the seeds of the corossol are used in traditional Médecine, in many medical traditions. The principal indications within the framework of popular medicines are the sleep disorders, the cardiac disorders, the parasitic diseases, the ectoparasitoses.
The seeds of the corossol are also used in Guatemala, in the area of Livingston, for the local arts and crafts (equitable trade) in an Indian tribe at the edge of Rio Dulcé (sculpture of tortoises, manatees, toucans and owls).
Health hazard
The team of Dr. Dominique Caparros-Lefèbvre showed in a series of studies initiated into 1999 that the consumption of corossol (and its infused sheets ), like that of other species belonging to the same botanical kind, was potentially the cause of a form of Parkinsonisme atypical (progressive Paralysie supranucléaire, PSP) resistant to the traditional therapies based on a contribution of L-DOPA. Thus, in Guadeloupe, where the initial study was undertaken, 77% of the parkinsonian patients presented an atypical form (against 20% in the normal population). In favor of this assumption, the doctors observed that the suspension of the consumption of corossol involved a suspension of the progression of the symptoms (and even an improvement, at one of the patients).
Such an increase in the atypical forms of parkinsonism had already been observed on the island of Guam, where the parkinsonism was associated with a amyotrophic side Sclérose. In this last case, environmental factors (in particular strong concentration of Aluminum in the water of consumption, or the bacterial toxin implication via the food chain) had been called upon to explain this phenomenon, but it could be that the consumption of plants of the family of the Annonaceae in the food or the traditional Médecine is partly responsible for the increase in the frequency of atypical parkinsonisms.
The compounds potentially responsible for the neuronal degeneration were identified, and belong to two very different chemical classes. On the one hand, of the Alkaloid S of the benzyl-tetrahydroisoquinoleic types and related, of low power as inductors of a neuronal death by Apoptose, but being able to take part in symptomatology among patients, were identified it there a long time within the fruits. More recently, of the Acétogénines were detected in the fruit. The annonacine, representative majority of this family of inhibiters of breathing mitochondriale within the species, showed an important neurotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Complementary studies, in particular epidemiologic, remain necessary before concluding in a formal way to the implication from these toxins in pathologies inhabitants of Guadeloupe.
References
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