Marija Birutė Alseikaitė or Marija Gimbutienė (generally known as Marija Gimbutas ) (born the January 23rd 1921 with Vilnius - died the February 2nd 1994 with Los Angeles) was a American Archéologue and préhistorienne of origin Lithuania.

Biography

Died in California the February 2nd 1994, Marija Gimbutas had been born in Lithuania, which it had left to take refuge in Austria because of the war. Initially with Vilnius, then with Vienna, she had studied the Linguistique, then the Archéologie and the cultures Indo-European born with Innsbruck then with Tubingen in Germany where she had obtained a Doctorate in 1946.

Emigrated with the the United States, she worked during twelve years with the Université of Harvard, where she had been named, in 1950, like enquiring specialist in Eastern European archeology. Named professor emeritus with UCLA University in 1963, it left a work of a score of volumes, little known apart from the specialists and not yet translated into French currently.

the language of the goddess (original title: The language off the Goddess ), the civilization of the goddess , Goddesses and gods of old Europe counts among its major works which were worth a world posthumous fame to him.

“The language of the goddess” was also the title of an exposure which was devoted to him in Germany with the Frauen museum in Wiesbaden in June 1993.

During fifteen years, Marija Gimbutas carried out archaeological excavations in the south-east of Mediterranean Europe, revealing in the world the existence of a civilization Proto-indo-European called “prehistoric culture of the goddess”, who started with paleolithic and will perdura more than 25.000 years. Culture matriarcale that Marija Gimbutas prefers to call “matrilocale” because what the excavations revealed does not correspond with what is called generally “Matriarcat”, referring to hypothetical a Gynocratie.

Theory

Marija Gimbutas developed the theory of the Culture of the kourganes which it identifies with the original habitat of the Indo-Europeans. This culture of the Mesolithic located between the Volga and the rivers of the Ural is characterized by early domestication from the horse. Mobility thus gained would have creates groups of riders combatants and would have led to the shapes of company known as “patriarchal”. Between -4500 and -3000, the Indo-Europeans, these “people of riders”, would have penetrated in several successive waves in the area of Dniepr, the West of the Ukraine and Moldavie. They would have transformed the culture of the agricultural type existing and would have been established as a leading aristocracy, imposing their language. This conquète of Europe by the culture of the kourganes would be characterized in archeology by the Culture of ribboned ceramics and by the Culture of the goblets in funnel.

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