Maria Yermolova

Maria Nikolayevna Yermolova (June 15th, 1853, Moscow - March 12th, 1928) or Maria Ermolova (in Russian: МарияНиколаевнаЕрмолова) is large a Actrice theatrical world Russian.

Yermolova is a great lady of the theater in particular to the Maly, without question marked by its talent and the most three hundred roles which she interpreted, a half century of the Russian theater.

His/her grandfather, serf by his origins, was impassioned of theater, passion which it transmitted to his sons since the father of Yermolova, failing to make career on scene, was blower of the imperial theaters, in particular in Maly.

This early frequentation of the scene gave him desire for becoming actress. At the ten years age, it entered to the imperial Académie of Theater located on the Bolchaïa Dmitrovka.

She studied there, inter alia, the French, the music, the dramatic arts and the ballet dancing for which she was very gifted. But it is in the drama that its talent appeared out of the commun run.

She made her beginnings at 17 years, replacing with the foot raised the actress Fedotova, suffering, in the difficult role of Emilia Galott I, of the German writer Lessing (1759-1805). She accepted twelve recalls and a few hundreds of khalacho (cheer in Russian) and spassiba (thank you). The painter Pasternak (father of the poet) represented in a moving way his first appearance on stage: hesitant young girl surrounded by her father repeating his role and his/her mother to him, with the background, which blessed it.

Also known for the splendid artistic evenings which it will give in its house with her husband Nikolaï Choubinski. Around it gathered actors, musicians, writers, painters. One spoke about the new theater of Art, Tchekhov and the theatrical studio to which it agreed to give its name and which became, in 1930, the dramatic theater Ermolova, street Tverskaïa. Yermolova played four hands with his/her Marguerite daughter. There Fédor Chaliapine came to join them to sing. Tchekov, then 18 years old, wrote for it " Platonov or song of the cygne" , it was the beginning of a very long intellectual friendship. Giliarovski worked much with it.

Yermolova repeated its roles in the white living room with the large mirrors to reach “this mixture of suffering and piety which raises the heart to the sky, as a happy angel” as she liked it to repeat it. The famous portrait of the actress out of black dress was painted in this part by Valentine Serov (the original is with the gallery Tretiakov).

Proclaimed by the Russian Revolution, the " first artist of the Republic " in 1920 and " Heroin of Work " in 1924.

Constantin Stanislavski will say of it which it is the largest actress that it had leisure to observe. It placed it quite front Sarah Bernhardt or Eleonora Duse. Stanislavski, creator of the Method, named it among those which taught him its art to reveal scene the psychological truth of the role, the truth of the feelings. The art of Yermolova enormously influenced artists such as Katchalov, Stanislavski or Ostoujev, which, them, gave the bases of the new European theater and étasunien.

After the revolution of 1917, its house was transformed into Community apartment. The apartment of " Yermolova" was placed national monument. Transformed into museum, located at the 11, Tverskoï boulevard - Pouchkinskaïa Subway. It is also a room where recitals place and concerts have.

Several Russian theaters bear its name.

Some roles

the Maid of Orleans, drama of Schiller (1759-1805)
Marie Stuart of Shakespeare
Phèdre of Root
Nora de Vera Kommissarzhevskaia

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