Marcus Élieser Bloch
See also: Bloch
Marcus Élieser Bloch is a Médecin and a German Naturaliste , born in 1723 with Ansbach and dead the August 6th 1799 with Karlsbach. He is regarded as one of principal the ichtyologists of the 18th century.
Resulting from a very modest medium, it is almost illiterate, at the nine years age, it is unable to read German. Its some knowledge in Hebrew and rabbinical literature, enables him to obtain a station of tutor in the house of a Jewish surgeon of Hamburg. There, it learns the German there and a little Latin, it also starts to study the Anatomie. It leaves to Berlin where it is devoted to the study of all the branches of the natural history of medicine. It passes its title of doctor of medicine to Frankfurt-on-the Oder in 1747 and settles in Berlin where it exerts the Médecine.
It publishes a treaty of doctor in 1774 in Berlin, Medicinische Bemerkungen, Nebst einer Abhandlung vom Pyrmonter Sauerbrunnen but is devoted consequently to the natural science and particularly to the study of fish.
Its most known work is its encyclopedic work which it publishes between 1782 and 1795, Allgemeine Naturgeschichte der Fische ( Natural history of the fish ), in twelve volumes. Its splendid illustrations painted with the hand, the work gathers 432 boards, do of it one of the most beautiful works ever published on the Poisson S.
The first three volumes describe fish of Germany and its heading Die Oekonomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands, Besonders of Preussischen Staates and Oekonomische Naturgeschichte der Fische Deutschlands . Other volumes treat fish of the other areas of the world and are entitled Naturgeschichte Ausländischer Fische .
Bloch finances the publication of the first volumes but is not able to face the high costs of the project. It is then supported by members of the nobility and scientific community who finance it. Each board thus bears the name of a person having taken part in her financing.
After the publication of this sum, Bloch decides to carry out the catalog of all the known species. He will be published by his collaborator Johann Gottlob Schneider (1750-1822) under the title of M.E. Blochii System Ichthyologia ; 1.519 species are described there.
He also makes appear some work on the parasitic worms.
The collection of Bloch of approximately 1 500 specimens is preserved today at the natural history museum of natural history (the Naturhistorisches Museum ) of the Humboldt university of Berlin.
List partial of the publications
- 1801 : with Johann Gottlob Schneider (1750-1822), Mr. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae iconibus cx illustratum.
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