March 31st

The March 31st is the 90e Jour of the Année (91e in the event of Leap year) of the Gregorian Calendrier.

March 30th - March 31st - April 1st

Events

3rd century

  • 297 : Roman Empire: The Manicheism, preached by the Persian S, is condemned by edict like anti-Roman.

12th century

15th century

  • 1492 : The Juifs of Spain are put in residence to convert with the Christianisme in the three months, or to leave the country.

16th century

  • 1547 : Rambouillet: The king François I {{er}} expires after having given his heart to God. The same day, Henri, second of this name, king de France, sign its first acts of sovereigns. It is only the May 24th which the Cercueil of François I {{er}} is descended in the crypt from the royal abbey from Saint-Denis.

  • 1585 : Fibula: the league, strong of the support of the new pope Sixth Quint, lance a “ declaration ” against those which “ endeavor to subvert the Catholic religion and the State ” and where the king Henri III is indirectly aimed. At the same time, lampoonists and preachers break out against the sovereign. Terrorized, Henri III yields without fighting. The edict of Nemours revokes the privileges and proscribes kingdom the “ reformed alleged religion ”.

17th century

  • 1621 : Madrid: Philippe III dies; his/her son Philippe IV succeeds to him.

  • 1683 : The Poland is combined with the Holy roman Empire against the Turks.

18th century

  • 1761 : France: The French government addresses peace proposals to the British government.

  • 1779 : The Russian and the Turks sign a convention according to which they are promised not to intervene militarily in the Crimea.

19th century

  • 1806 : France: While placing the members of his family on sometimes old thrones, but generally of recent creation, Napoleon completes to build an imperial monarchy on the scale of the Europe. It enacts a law on March 31st to organize the “ imperial family ”. A last step, and it will practice a matrimonial policy intended to control, always more, the Old continent .

  • 1845 : Swiss: Second military countryside of the radicals against the catholic canton of Lucerne (first took place the December 8th 1844). Of small scale, it remains without effect.

  • 1848 : Francfort-sur-le-Main: The First elected Parliament, the constituent National Assembly meets in the Saint-Paul church of Frankfurt. The liberals form the majority of it. It is the March 30th which the confederal diet decided to proceed to the election of representatives of all the Germany, and the 31, a preparatory Parliament is made up. Very quickly, the republicans and the radicals are put in minority by the partisans of a constitutional monarchy. The direction also relates to the form which the future Federal state under the direction of the Prussia will have to take, excluding the Austria, but the king of Prussia wishes the restoration of the imperial system. The Bavarian, on their side, are in favor of a union with the Prussia and the Austria.

  • 1854 : The commodore American Perry sign a first treaty with the Japan, which opens two Japanese ports with the foreign trade.

  • 1858 : China: After the devastations caused by the Anglo-French forces with Canton, the Chinese government agrees to treat and receives four plenipotentiary Westerners also representing the the United States and the Russia.

  • 1866 : Chile: The president Jose Joaquin Perez takes party for the Peru in the war against the Spain. By retortion, the Spanish navy bombards the port of Valparaiso.

  • 1877 : London: The International Conference on the Balkans adopts a protocol requiring of the Turks reforms with the profit of the Chrétiens.

  • 1885 : French reverses with the Tonkin in the war against the China cause the fall of the cabinet Jules Ferry.

  • 1896 : The Zipper is invented by Whitcomb Judson.

20th century

  • 1901 : Exit of the first car Mercedes.

  • 1905 : “ Blow of Tangier ” on the initiative of the emperor of Germany Guillaume II. He causes the first “Moroccan crisis” and will precipitate the seizure of the France on the sultanate of Morocco.

  • 1909 :

    • Decision of the court of $the Hague, by which the Serbia recognizes the annexation of the Bosnia-Herzégovine by the Austria, prelude to the Assassinat of Sarajevo and the release of the First World War.
    • the Titanic is put on hold at Belfast, Ireland. Its number of hull is the 390904. This figure when one reads it in a mirror gives " No pope" (not of pope), a slogan anti-catholics still used by provocation by the Protestant extremists of Northern Ireland.

  • 1913 : The Turkey accepts recommendations of the Great powers for a peace with the Bulgaria.

  • 1928 : France: The Military service passes to one year.

  • 1939 : The France and the Great Britain are committed coming using the Poland if its borders are violated. the German invasion will take place on September 1st.

  • 1945 : The general De Lattre de Tassigny and Armed Anger cross the the Rhine.

  • 1947 : With Haïfa, the Irgun Zvai Leumi makes jump of the tanks of storage of the Shell Oil Company.

  • 1948 :

    • the American Congrès approves the Marshall plan of assistance to the Europe.
    • the train Cairo/Haïfa runs off the line close to Haïfa on the mines posed on the way by the Groupe Stern, killing 40 people by wounding 60 others.

  • 1959 : The Dalai Lama flees the Tibet. Disguised as a servant, the Dalai Lama crosses the the Himalayas with back of Yack and reached the State of Assam, in the north of the India.

  • 1961 : The mayor of Evian, Camille White, is assassinated in an attack of O.A.S.

  • 1964 :

    • military Coup d'etat to the Brazil against the mode of the president João Goulart.
    • 5 songs of the Beatles are in the first 5 places of the hit-parade American.

  • 1965 : A plane Convair CV-440 of the company Iberia crashe close to Tangier and keep silent 50 of its 53 passengers and team members.

  • 1966 : Launching of Luna 10, the first orbiting around the the Moon of an automatic station, in charge of the study of the close lunar medium.

  • 1968 : The American troops enlisant itself with the Vietnam, Lyndon Johnson announces that it will not aspire to any more the presidency.

  • 1971 : The American officer William Calley is condemned to the life imprisonment for the Massacre of Mỹ Lai made in March 1968; its sorrow will be later reduced.

  • 1975 : The Turn CN, with Toronto, becomes the most building of the world. A giant helicopter hoists one of the final parts of 4 tons and half at the top of the tower, which reaches a 528 meters height. Once the 2 last parts installed, the final height of the tower will be of 546 meters.

  • 1977 : The female team of Basket-ball of Clermont CPU loses the European final vis-a-vis Riga.

  • 1983 :

    • a Earthquake striking the south-west of the Colombia, destroying most of the historical center of Popayan, which counts 600  000 inhabitants. There would be approximately 200 died.
    • the most expensive divorce undoubtedly of the history is pronounced in California; the Saoudi sheik Mohammed El Fassi is condemned to pour with his wife half of his fortune, estimated at 6 billion dollars. 28 years old, the sheik had defrayed the chronicle the previous year while refusing to pay a note of 1,5 million dollars in a hotel of Florida where it had remained with a many continuation. He however ended up paying, afterwards adventures which made the delights of the American press.

  • 1984 :

    • the last French elements of the multinational force leave the Lebanon, marking the end of the operation of pacification continued during 19 month, in co-operation with the the United States, the Great Britain and the Italy.
    • Robert Moriaty passes under the Eiffel Tower on board a private plane.

  • 1986 : The crash landing of a Boeing 727 in the North-West of Mexico City kills 166 people among the passengers and team members.

  • 1987 : The table of the Iris of Van Gogh is sold 220 franc million.

  • 1988 : The Amazzone , an Italian tanker, loses 3.000 tons with broad Ushant.

  • 1990 :

    • with London, a demonstration against the Poll tax of the government Thatcher turns to the riot.
    • In Belgium, the air force records images of UFO.

  • 1991 :

    • in Albania, the Party of work (ex-Communist) carries the first free elections held in addition to fifty years.
    • Dissolution of the Warsaw Pact.

  • 1995 :
    • a Airbus A310-300 of the Rumanian company Tarom is crushed just after its takeoff of Bucharest making 60 dead.
    • Bernard Tapie is declared in personal bankruptcy. It becomes also ineligible.
    • the Hyper Rallye of Rennes Saint-Gregoire presents a String with door jarretelles of a waist measurement of 2,53 Mr.

  • 1997 : Jacques Sirat leaves for a round the world tour to bicycle. Among its memories: 1) Arrest in Bosnia 2) Arrest on December 31st, 1997 with the Yemen 3) on October 31st, 2002: 71.290 km, 44 countries crossed, 46 tires, 100 punctures with the meter.

  • 1998 :

    • the Safety advice of the United Nations adopts the resolution 1160 imposing a Embargo on the sales and the supplies of weapons on the Federal republic of Yugoslavia to force its president, Slobodan Milosevic to make concessions with the Albanians of the Kosovo.
    • Netscape gives the source code of its navigator in accordance with a free license and created a non-profit organization, mozilla.org, to supervise the development.

21e century

  • 2001 :

    • France: Publication of one relative order to the electronic Signature with the official journal, thus returning it validates juridically as well as the written signature. This electronic Signature will make it possible to guarantee the authentification of the transmitter of a document and to make sure that it was not modified during its transfer (integrity of the contents).
    • Netherlands: Four homosexual couples exchange their assents and their rings with the town hall of Amsterdam, thus inaugurating the first civil weddings homosexual in the world.
    • Force 17, special unit of the Israeli army, sends a hundred men to the north of Ramallah, the West Bank, to capture Palestinians, including 5 of the personal guard of Yasser Arafat.
    • the chief cooks of the hotels Intercontinental and Crown Plaza of Dubai meet to make the largest dish of biryani (flat Indian): 1.150 kilos of rice and 630 kilos of chicken in bowl 700 kilos, three meters in diameter and 75 cm of depth.

  • 2006 : the president of the French Republic, Mr. Jacques Chirac promulgates officially the Loi for the equal opportunity at the time of a very awaited televised intervention.

  • 2007 : The Girondins of Bordeaux finally gain their second Coupe of the Football league by beating the Olympique Lyonese with the Stade de France, 1-0, thanks to a goal of Henrique to the 89e minute of the meeting.

Births

Death

Celebrations

Catholic and orthodoxe saints of the day

  • Acace d' Antioche de Pisidie († towards 251), bishop
  • Amos
  • Balbine
  • Benjamin of Persia (4th-5th centuries)
  • Daniel Camaldule
  • Fergus de Downpatrick, bishop, celebrates the 30 or on March 31st
  • Guy de Ravenne
  • Hypatios de Gangres († 336)
  • Machabéon
  • Renovat
  • Théodule martyr in Africa, Anèse, Felix martyr in Africa, Cornélie and other companions not named.

Catholic saints of the day

  • Léonard Murialdo

Orthodoxe saints of the day

See too

Beats-smg: Kuova 31 Be-X-old: 31 сакавіка Fiu-vro: 31. urbõkuu päiv Nds-nl: 31 meert Simple: March 31 Zh-yue: 3 月 31 號

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