Marcel Lihau
Marcel Antoine Lihau Ebua (Lihaú Moléngo) Constitution alist Congolese, first president of the Supreme court of justice of the Congo, born the September 2nd 1930 in the area of Lisala (parents originating in the territory of Bumba) with the Belgian Congo (current Democratic republic of Congo), died in the night from April 9th to 10th 1999 with Boston. He married Sophie Lihau-Kanza. He was cofounder of the Union for the democracy and the social progress (UDPS), President of the Supreme court of Justice, like Professor of Droit to the Université Harvard and the Université of Kinshasa (Lovanium).
Biography
In the years 1950, it belonged to the first Congolese students in Belgium; Thomas Kanza having been the first. Marcel Lihau studied the right to the Universit3e libre de Bruxelles. This group of Congolese students was made up with the catholic Université of Leuwen by Mario Cardoso (Losembe Batwanyele), Paul Mushiete, Charles Bokanga, Albert Bolela and Jonas Mukamba. President of the association of the Congolese students, Marcel Lihau took part like observer in the belgo-Congolese Roundtable political and economic of January 1960 in Brussels, organized by Belgium for the preparation of the independence of Belgian Congo. In September 1961, he becomes general secretary with Justice, in the Collège of the general Police chiefs.In 1961, he was Secretary of State to Justice in the government Ileo.
In 1962, it obtained a Doctorat in right to the Catholic Université of Leuwen, and in 1963 became part-time lecturer, then professor and Doyen with the Faculty of Law of the Université Lovanium to Kinshasa.
Constitutions
As the Parlement did not arrive at not written a final constitution, President Kasa-Vubu entrusted his drafting at a commission chaired by Joseph Ileo, President of the Senate, assisted of Marcel Lihau. A constitution was elaborate January 10th 1964 with the April 11th 1964 and approved by the Congolese people the July 10th 1964. This Constitution, known as “of Luluabourg”, defines a Federal state, the multi-party system and a Parliament with two rooms.The November 24th 1965, the Mobutu general who founds the second Republic following a coup d'etat. A new political party, Popular movement of the Revolution (MPR) is created and its charter, the Manifeste of Nsele is written by Etienne Tshisekedi in 1966. The government then asks Marcel Lihau to work out a new constitution. Approved by referendum the June 24th 1967, the Constitution of the second Republic, said revolutionary, defines a unit State in the presidential regime, envisages at least two political parties and only one National Assembly.
Government and judicial power
In 1967, he becomes Acting general of the section of legal research to the National office of the Research and the Development (ONRD), and in 1968, he is President of the Supreme court of Justice of Congo. In 1971 he becomes member of the Executive committee of the Popular movement of the Revolution (MPR), and is named there political Commissaire at the Political office in 1974. In July 1975, it is revoked of its functions of teacher and of President of the Supreme court of Justice because it refused to follow Mobutu in the illegality.
Opposition
February 15th, 1983, it takes part in the foundation of the Union for the democracy and the social progress (UDPS). Condemned for political activism, he is imprisoned and then isolated like the “thirteen members of Parliament” from the UDPS. As from 1985 it is exiled during a few years in the United States, where they teaches the right constitutionalist with the Université of Harvard.As a National president of the UDPS, it launches the idea of a national conference, allowing a democratic transition. It actively took part in the sovereign National conference (CNS) and chaired the constitutional commission.
See too
External bonds
- In Memoriam, Biography of Marcel Lihau
- Test of biography for Marcel Lihau - Congonline
- Mobutu creates the College of the general Police chiefs - Potential - Tshilombo Munyengayi
- 220 Rue Belliard - Africultures - Valerie Kanza & Roch Tran
- the death of " Ya Mungul" and of Marcel Lihau Ebua - Softonline
- Database of Contemporary Africa::: People (in)