Marcel Breuer

Marcel Breuer (May 21st 1902, Pécs in Hungary - July 1st 1981, New York with the the United States), was Architecte and Designer of furniture which was modernistic influencing. One of the fathers of the modernism, Breuer have a great interest for flexible constructions and the simple forms.

Bauhaus

From 1920 to 1923, Breuer was pupil with the Bauhaus of Weimar in Germany. After having spent one year with Paris in a cabinet of architect, it returned at Bauhaus de Dessau, this time as a professor, combining art and technology, for finally finishing directing workshop of carpentry. Later, he exerted with Berlin, where he created houses and commercial spaces, as well as many tubular metal pieces of furniture, still produced today.

Breuer east can be more famous for the design of the more known Chaise B3 under the name of Wassily Chair , the first chair out of folded tubes of steel created in 1925 for Wassily Kandinsky, inspired partly by a handlebar of bicycle. Still in production, the chair can be assembled and dismounted more easily with tools for bicycle.

The exile

In 1935, because of the rise to the capacity of the Nazi party in Germany and to escape persecution from the people of Jewish origin, Breuer settled in London or it was engaged by Jack Pritchard in the company Isokon, one of the first manufactures which introduced the modern design in the United Kingdom. Breuer created its long chair just as it tried out moulded plywood. Finally, Breuer emigrated in the United States in 1937. He taught with the Harvard 'S structures school or he worked in particular with Philip Johnson and Paul Rudolph, later, famous American architects. Also, he worked with Walter Gropius, former colleague of Bauhaus, on the creation of several houses of the surroundings of Boston.

Breuer dissolves its partnership with Gropius in May 1941 and establishes its own company in New York or it carried out houses and villas. “To freeze House I” carried out in 1945 with Island Length, is first has to integrate the concept of Breuer, that is to say the house “binucléaire”, which separates the wing from the rooms and that of the living room/kitchen, separated by a hall, and with a roof “butterfly” (two tilted opposite roofs about the middle, drained centrally). A house of demonstration installation in the garden of MoMA, in 1949 created a new interest in the work of the architects.

Return in Europe

In 1953, Breuer was charged to carry out the seat of UNESCO has Paris. It was revolving in its career. A return in Europe for moreover great projects and the adoption of the concrete like first material. It became one of the practitioners of the Brutalisme.

Breuer was one of the largest representatives of the modernism, its work become to them icons such Wassily Chair which combines esthetic and productivity testifies.

See too

famous Architects
Architecture in the United States

External bonds

Site dedicated to Marcel Breuer

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