Marc Sangnier

Marc Sangnier (Paris, April 3rd 1873 - Paris, May 28th 1950) is a Journaliste and man Politique French. It occupies an important place in the movement of the popular education through the reviews and movements which it animated. He is the pioneer of the movement of the Inns of Youth in France (1929).

Biography

Born in a medium Middle-class Parisian, it receives a Christian education deeply . He is pupil with the college Stanislas of 1879 with 1894. It is a brilliant pupil, and takes down a price of Philosophie in 1891 with the open Competition. Graduate, it then makes a success of in 1895 the entrance examination to the Polytechnic school before obtaining a license in Droit in 1898.

Still young student in 1894, it animates a philosophical newspaper, the Furrow , newspaper of the movement for a Christianisme Démocratique and Social, rested by his friend Paul Renaudin. He works with this publication with comrades of the Collège Stanislas of Paris, and in fact a place of political reflection, in the spirit of the " Ralliement" catholics with the republican mode preached by the pope Leon XIII and of his encyclical Rerum novarum .

Militant for a Catholicism progressist

In 1899, the Furrow becomes the body of a vast movement of popular education which joins together working youth and wire the notable ones in order to reconcile the working classes with the Église and the République. While being based on catholic patronages, Sangnier creates into 1901 of the Popular Instituts which give soon courses and public conferences. At the time of the national congress of 1905, nearly thousand circles come from whole France are thus represented.

“The purpose of the Furrow is to carry out in France the democratic republic. It is thus not a catholic movement, in the sense that it is not a work of which the particular goal is to place itself at the disposal of the bishops and the priests to help them in their own ministry. The Furrow is thus a laic movement, which does not prevent that it is also a deeply religious movement.”

However, the movement must fight the opposition of the Extreme left Marxiste which sometimes disturbs the meetings organized by the Furrow or the press of the French Action monarchist which attacks it starting from 1906 because of its democratic positions and its policy of rallying. Charles Maurras then starts a violent polemic with Sangnier, publishing back-to-back articles and lampoons for the defense of a traditional Catholicism (strategic debate because Maurras says itself agnostic, but the majority of the sympathizers of the French Action are fundamentally antimodernists).

The vote in 1905 of the Law of separation of the Churches and the State constitutes a new turning which will create a conflict between the liberal ideas of the Furrow and the French episcopate. In 1910, in its encyclical Our Apostolic Load , the pope Pie X condemns the ideas of the sillonists, it “distorts doctrines of the Furrow” which preaches the levelling of the classes, triples it political, economic and intellectual emancipation. He deplores that a too great number of priests are made the apostles of these errors and invites them to replace itself from now on under the authority of the clergy. Marc Sangnier subjects himself to the directive but decides shortly after to give up the religious action for the policy.

The historian Jacques Prévotat indicates that a few years later, in 1914, the same pope Pie X condemns the doctrines of the French Action of Charles Maurras by a Encyclique which will not be published. She will be officially condemned by the Vatican in 1926.

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