Mantes-the-Pretty

See also: Mantes

Mantes-the-Pretty is a common French of the department of the Yvelines and area Île-de-France, chief town of the Arrondissement éponyme. It is an industrial medium-sized city, located on left bank of the the Seine, to 53 km in the west of Paris.

The inhabitants are the Mantais .

Geography

The commune of Mantes-the-Pretty is located at the center of an agglomeration of approximately 100  000 inhabitants. Its territory includes two island S of the the Seine, the island Alms entirely, and partly the island with the Ladies, also called island of Limay. It is bordering on Mantes-the-City and Buchelay in the south, on the Rosny-on-Seine in the west and, separated by the the Seine, on Limay and Follainville-Dennemont, in north.

Transportation routes

The commune is served by the Trunk road 13 and by the highway A13 which passes in the vicinity immediate.

Mantes-the-pretty is an important railway crossroads, and has two stations:

  • Mantes-the-Pretty Mantes-Station
  • .

Four electrified lines serve Mantes: Two lines go to Paris-Saint-Lazare, each one passing by a bank of the Seine, and two others serve the High and the Basse-Normandie. Moreover, one direct connection is ensured towards Paris-Montparnasse via Pleasure-Oil cake by the Ligne of the valley of Mauldre which is connected to Épône. The city is also served by the TGV Rouen - Lyon - Marseilles.

Hydrology

Two rivers are to be noticed: the Seine, which sprinkle the city in the North-East, and the Vaucouleurs which, if it does not pass any more in the current territory of the commune, had a diverted arm, the Mauru , which fed the Tannerie S until the beginning of the 20th century, when the arm took again its natural course.

Subdivisions of the commune

Although there is no truly official division, one generally distinguishes, for practical and historical reasons, the downtown area, Gassicourt and the Valley-Thicket as sectors of the city, more especially as each one of these sectors has administrative services. In addition, the Valley-Thicket, during its construction, was divided into several districts whose names pay homage to famous people, arranged by topic: painters, doctors, explorers, aviators, musicians, inventors, writers and physicists.

Localities

There is no more today strictly speaking of localities, those having been absorbed by urban fabric. However, one still generally finds them in toponymy:
  • the Green Hillock
  • Cellophane: new locality, named according to a factory
  • Chantecoq: territory of Gassicourt
  • the Cats
  • Shells (high and low): territory of Gassicourt
  • the White Cross: territory of Mantes-the-City
  • the Shoed Cross: territory of Gassicourt
  • Wild rabbits: territory of Gassicourt
  • Martraits: territory of Mantes-the-City
  • Saint-Jacob (tops and low): territory of Mantes-the-City
  • Saint Nicolas: territory of Gassicourt
  • the Filled Valley: territory of Gassicourt
  • edges of the Seine

Toponymy and etymology

The name of “Mantes” would come from a Gallic word, medunta , the Chêne, although other etymologies are proposed. Many alternatives of the name are also attested: Medanta , Medonta , Medenta , more of the late relatinisations. This name evolved/moved in French in the form Mante (with many alternatives to the Middle Ages, of which Maante , with a Diphtongue resulting from the disappearance of the D intervocalic of the Latin name), then gradually Mantes starting from the end of the 17th century, its name sporadically became the Mantes-on-Seine as of the 17th century, at the time of the development of the postal services, to avoid any confusion with Nantes. Following fusion in 1930 of the city with the village of Gassicourt in the west, this name became Mantes-Gassicourt in 1930 (the conservation of the name of Gassicourt in the name was one of the conditions of fusion). It took its current name in 1953, by taking again the qualifier “the pretty one”, already semi-officially given for a long time. This qualifier - pleasantly - is often allotted to Henri IV: In a letter addressed to Gabrielle d' Estrées, its mistress, who resided at Mantes, the king would have written to him: “ I come in Mantes, my pretty ”. But another assumption that this qualifier would come from the exceptional site where the city was built, is represented by the natural framework of the valley of the Seine.

History

On the site of Mantes towards the end of the Early middle ages existed a fishing port, but the rather Gallo-Roman name of the city, could still give him an older foundation. Towards the end of the Carolingian time , a mound was established in the vicinity in order to defend the access to the Seine and the border with Vexin Normand. Around this core the city and of the religious buildings developed.

The city sudden of important damage in 1087 at the time of the attack of William the Conqueror during his reprisal campaign in French Vexin. Louis VI then conceded at the city the free statute of Commune by its charter of 1110, which granted privileges to him. The king Philippe Auguste died there the July 14th 1223.

Because of its strategic site on the the Seine and at the border of the Normandy, Mantes represented a major stake of the Guerre One hundred Year old and was very coveted by the English, but also by Charles the Bad and changed Masters with many recoveries. After the One hundred Year old War, she knew one period of relative calm. With died of Henri III, and during the wars of religion, Mantes was partisane Ligue, but was taken by Henri IV, which installed there its general headquarter for the conquest of Paris, which took place the March 22nd 1594. Thereafter, it regularly came in Mantes to spend pleasant moments with Gabrielle d' Estrées.

The town of Mantes declined at the 18th century, because of a progressive depopulation of to the proximity of Versailles, loads increasingly heavier represented by the housing of the troops of passage, of the loss of the majority of the privileges which had been given to him by the charter of 1110, of the disinterest of the king for a city which lost its strategic importance, of the fall of the sales of the wine, first resource of the city…

As from the 19th century, the city knew an important expansion towards the west, by the annexation of territories belonging formerly to Mantes-the-City, and of the residences cossues started to be built in the new districts.

At the 20th century, the city had increased so much that one proposed to amalgamate it with the village of Gassicourt, which was made in 1930.

Culture and inheritance

Architectural heritage

From its rich history, Mantes has a certain number of vestiges and interesting buildings, even if most of those disappeared with time.

Religious heritage

  • Collegial Notre-Dame, Gothic church of XIIe and XIIIe centuries, classified historic building since 1840;
  • the turn Saint-Maclou, dating from the 16th century, last vestige of a church demolished in 1806.
  • the church Holy-Anne de Gassicourt, Romance church of the 11th century.

Civil inheritance

  • the fountain known as " Renaissance"
  • the Saint Martin's day tower, vestige of the fortifications
  • the door with the Priest, vestige of the fortifications.
  • the door Song with Goose, or rather a vestige, belonging to the old fortifications
  • private mansions
  • the Old Bridge, whose origin goes back to the 12th century. At the origin, it connected the town of Limay to Mantes, but a part was demolished to build the Peronnet bridge at the 18th century. Today, there remain only some arches about it. This bridge, classified historic building since 1923, figure on a table of Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot ( the bridge of Mantes , Museum of Louvre).

Various works of art

  • a table of 1958 of Maurice Boitel was left in deposit by the Fonds national of contemporary art (FNAC) and can be seen with the sub-prefecture of Mantes-the-Pretty.

Environmental inheritance

  • Public garden Gabrielle d' Estrée
  • Public garden of the castle
  • Public garden Brieussel
  • Walk of the island to the Ladies
  • ornithological Reserve of the island Alms

Cultural heritage

  • Museum of the hospital (concise deposit, exposure of paintings)
  • Cinemas: Méga-CGR, arts center Chaplin

Artists having represented Mantes

Claude Chastillon, Johann Peeters, Joachim Duviert, Adolphe Maugendre, Jean-Baptiste Corot…

Famous people

Who resided at it

Who were born to with it

Who died there

  • Philippe Auguste, lived there and died there on July 14th, 1223
  • Antoine Forqueray
  • Mrs Campan
  • Just Veillat
  • Jacqueline Doyen, actress

Who fought there

Who were influenced

Charles Aznavour, singer

Demography

Histogram
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Demography for the village of Gassicourt before fusion with Mantes

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BarData= bar: 1793 text: 1793 bar: 1800 text: 1800 bar: 1806 text: 1806 bar: 1821 text: 1821 bar: 1831 text: 1831 bar: 1836 text: 1836 bar: 1841 text: 1841 bar: 1846 text: 1846 bar: 1851 text: 1851 bar: 1856 text: 1856 bar: 1861 text: 1861 bar: 1866 text: 1866 bar: 1872 text: 1872 bar: 1876 text: 1876 bar: 1881 text: 1881 bar: 1886 text: 1886 bar: 1891 text: 1891 bar: 1896 text: 1896 bar: 1901 text: 1901 bar: 1906 text: 1906 bar: 1911 text: 1911 bar: 1921 text: 1921 bar: 1926 text: 1926

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PlotData= bar: 1793 At: 343 fontsize: S text: 343 shift: (- 6,5) bar: 1800 At: 318 fontsize: S text: 318 shift: (- 6,5) bar: 1806 At: 291 fontsize: S text: 291 shift: (- 6,5) bar: 1821 At: 299 fontsize: S text: 299 shift: (- 6,5) bar: 1831 At: 297 fontsize: S text: 297 shift: (- 6,5) bar: 1836 At: 299 fontsize: S text: 299 shift: (- 6,5) bar: 1841 At: 293 fontsize: S text: 293 shift: (- 6,5) bar: 1846 At: 290 fontsize: S text: 290 shift: (- 6,5) bar: 1851 At: 272 fontsize: S text: 272 shift: (- 6,5) bar: 1856 At: 294 fontsize: S text: 294 shift: (- 6,5) bar: 1861 At: 335 fontsize: S text: 335 shift: (- 6,5) bar: 1866 At: 377 fontsize: S text: 377 shift: (- 6,5) bar: 1872 At: 341 fontsize: S text: 341 shift: (- 6,5) bar: 1876 At: 347 fontsize: S text: 347 shift: (- 6,5) bar: 1881 At: 397 fontsize: S text: 397 shift: (- 6,5) bar: 1886 At: 497 fontsize: S text: 497 shift: (- 6,5) bar: 1891 At: 607 fontsize: S text: 607 shift: (- 6,5) bar: 1896 At: 985 fontsize: S text: 985 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1901 At: 1361 fontsize: S text: 1361 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1906 At: 1728 fontsize: S text: 1728 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1911 At: 2145 fontsize: S text: 2145 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1921 At: 2814 fontsize: S text: 2814 shift: (- 10,5) bar: 1926 At: 3149 fontsize: S text: 3149 shift: (- 10,5)

Economy

Shopping malls

  • the market of the downtown area, old tradition mantaise, is held Wednesday and Saturday mornings on the place of the Market with Corn and the Saint-Maclou place. The market hall of the Old Pilori comes to supplement it.
  • the market of the Valley-Thicket is held, for what concerns, Tuesday and Friday afternoon at the shopping mall Mantes 2, true institution of the commercial life of the city inaugurated on Friday, March 4, 1977 by the mayor of the time Jean-Paul David.
  • the trade are very concentrated in the downtown area and one finds there many shops, but also some mini-markets and grocers. On the other hand, they are rare in the residential areas at the 19th century and the 20th century, except for the Filled Valley and of its great shopping mall, during trade of the downtown area.

Town planning

The first operations of town planning to large scales were done during the boring of the street Royale at the 18th century which was the section will intra muros of the main road of Paris to Rouen. The building site was considerable and required the demolition of many houses, because the road crossed in right-hand side line the city, since the door of Rosny to the Seine, giving on the Perronet bridge.

Town planning knew a revival after the second world war. Indeed, the bombardments of 1944 caused considerable damage with most of the historical center. The architect Raymond Lopez, appointed architect of the city by Jean-Paul David (mayor of 1947 to 1977), was in charge of the phase of rebuilding. After the clearing of the ruins, he proposed a new plan for the downtown area, based on his designs of town planning.

To the beginning of the year 1960, one proceeded to the cleansing of the unhealthy small islands located in edge of the Seine, in the historical center. This cleansing was considered already since the years 1920 but had never been put at execution. The project, effected in several stages, brought the total demolition of the sector known under the name of “low-districts”, and the replacement of the small islands by buildings of bigger size laid out regularly.

The Filled Valley

At the same time the difficulty of the reception of the working populations arose and it was decided to use the grounds of the old aero club of Gassicourt to the locality of the " Valley Fourré" , in the west of the city to build an important complex of residences. This complex was divided into several districts, whose streets were named according to explorers, doctors, writers, musicians and painters. A great shopping mall was designed in its medium. Conceived at the origin to be a " Mantes 2" , this project was not born in its form initially envisaged. It symbolizes with him only the great units built as from the years 1960 in France.

The district of the Valley-Thicket counted to 25.000 inhabitants before the first demolitions of towers started since 1992, under the mandate Paul Picard (mayor of 1977 to 1995).

A too important thickening of residences in its Northern part (Districts of the Painters, Doctors), a excentré district and badly connected to the downtown area, little public equipment because of the financial skid of the operation, the ghettoisation of the poor populations in a park made up almost only of social housing are as many reasons having led to the drift of this district starting from the end of the year 1970. Economic poverty, urban social difficulties and errors had like consequence the urban riots of 1991.

Since 1992, Mantes-the-Pretty becomes a pilot site of the Politique of the city. Consequently, the districts of the Valley-Thicket profit from important funds of the State, then of Europe with the installation of the Community Programme of Initiative Urban (PEAK Urban). This program aims, by various measurements, to support economic development and social. Thus since 1992, the successive programs led to the demolition of thirteen and several building tower blocks out of bars, that is to say approximately 2.000 residences, in order to reduce the density of these districts.

  • on September 26th, 1992: demolition of the four turns of the Writers, replaced by a seedbed of firm selected business District Clemenceau,
  • on October 1st, 2000: demolition of the two turns Millet, replaced by the public garden of the Painters,
  • on July 1st, 2001: demolition of the two Sully turns, replaced by the French health insurance system of Health insurance (CPAM),
  • on November 20th, 2005: demolition of the two Ramon turns. Residences are in project on the site of the two turns.
  • on July 2nd, 2006: demolition of the three Degas turns. A nautical pole should be born about 2008 on the site of the three turns.

With the beginning of the year 2000 began a vast building site on the old zone of marketing activities Henri IV aiming at demolishing the totality of the warehouses and other buildings in order to build a real complex of standing . The project, known under the name of the Field of the edges of the Seine , envisaging in the beginning a certain number of equipment and residences, met a certain number of problems and changes of orientation, in particular the reduction of the number of equipment and the increase in the number of residences envisaged. This project is prone to controversy, the opponents calling upon the great number of residences in construction, the repetitive character of construction, but also the absence of social housing, which they regard as a will to change the electorate.

Many associations form the associative landscape mantais, some examples:

The ASM (Sports association Mantaise), created in 1951 proposer of multiple sports activities, the Collective of elder, association of promotion of the 3rd age, bringing them has to leave their insulation and has to take part in the social life of the city or the association Diam' S Music created in 2002, and which proposes to the young people of the city an offer of leisures centered on the urban cultures (dance hip hop, song rap, slam, theater, or the organization of spectacles in bond with young artists of the local scene)…

To live with Mantes-the-Pretty

Sport

Infrastructures: skating rink, swimming pool, basin of oar, stages, room of judo, football fields, of sport in room… The basin of oar is internationally recognized and of the championships of zone and France are regularly organized there.

Places of worship

  • Church Notre-Dame (catholic worship)
  • Church Holy-Anne (catholic worship)
  • Church Saint-Jean-Baptist of the Valley-Thicket (catholic worship)
  • Mosque
  • reformed Church
  • Church Évangélique
  • Church of Jesus-Christ of the Saints of the Last Days

Administration

The city was Sous-préfecture Seine-et-Oise of 1800 until the creation of the Yvelines, except between 1926 and 1943.

Mayors of Mantes (the Pretty one)

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Schools

  • Nursery schools: Wild roses, Periwinkles, Tulips, Nasturtiums, Jonquils, Primulas, Bellflowers, Glycines, Irises, Anemones, Poppies, Lavenders, Gentians, Violets, Mimosas, Cornflowers, Clématites, Thoughts, Pinks, the Forgets-me-not
  • Elementary schools: Henri Matisse, Jean Mermoz, Louis and Auguste Lumière, Helene Butcher, Ferdinand Bush, Jean Moulin, Gabrielle Colette, Louise de Vilmorin, Anna de Noailles, Pierre de Coubertin, Mrs. de Sévigné, Jacques Cousteau, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Louis Lachenal, Jules Verne, Albert Uderzo, Notre-Dame (private establishment)
  • Colleges: Paul Cézanne, Andre Chenier, Georges Clémenceau, Jules Ferry, Louis Pasteur, Gassicourt, Notre-Dame (private establishment)
  • Colleges: Saint-Exupéry, Jean Rostand, Notre-Dame (private establishment)
  • Higher education: technological Academic institute of Mantes in Yvelines, Preparatory classes at the Universities with the Saint-Exupéry College, Training institute in Care Male nurses, Institute of Sciences and Technology of Yvelines, preparation to the Advanced vocational diplomas with the Saint-Exupéry colleges and Jean Rostand, Training center of Apprentices

Twinnings

The village of Gassicourt

Gassicourt (in Latin Wasi Cortis ) was a rural village whose territory extended to the west from the historical center from Mantes.

See too

Related articles

  • Common of Yvelines
  • Mantois
  • Images of Mantes-the-Pretty

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