Mans

Mans is a city West of the France, chief town of the department of the the Sarthe and located in the area Pays of the Loire. Old capital of the Maine, Mans is a Agglomération which gathers nine communes and account approximately 194.825 inhabitants in his urban Unité (1999). The city of Mans is labellisée " Town of Art & Histoire" by the Ministry for the Culture. It is old a red Ville , because of its particular architecture, partly preserved today, dating from the first centuries of our era. Of its history and its inheritance, it preserves the name of " Mans the solide" .

Its inhabitants is called Manceaux and Mancelles.

Geography

Mans is located at the confluence of the the Sarthe and the Huisne, with approximately 220 km of Paris and 200 km of Nantes. The city marks the western limit of the Paris basin and the beginning of the Armorican Massif. Its basement of the time of the Crétacé superior (Cénomanien) is composed of chalk and sandstone. The river the Sarthe crosses the city of north to south-west while the Huisne separates it from the east in south-west.

Agglomeration

Mans counts 146.105 intramural inhabitants. With the creation of Mans metropolis, the agglomeration gathers nine communes and account 194.138 inhabitants. The urban surface gathering the suburbs and the suburbs extends until several tens of kilometers around, counting more than 293.159 inhabitants in 1999.

Work and future achievements

The city of Mans has many projects for its near future: education, health, leisures, etc

  • a second branch of the tram line towards Fine sands in the east (operational at the beginning of 2008).
  • Pôle Southern Health will gather at the horizon the 2008 private clinics of the Hillock-Red, the Sources, Saint-Like, Holy-Cross, as well as the François-Gallouëdec center. This site will be served by the tram on the level of the Guetteloup stop.
  • a new museum specialized in archeology, place of the Jacobins in center town will open semi-2008.
  • a landscape park with a hotel, and residences on the old island with the Boards during 2008.
  • a " Nature" boulevard; of 72 km length all around Mans connecting the remarkable sites around Mans and reserved to the means of soft transports (the cyclists, the hikers, rollers, horses) will be completed mid 2008.
  • Nouveau southern hospital pole specialized in maternity will be open beginning 2009 (Pole woman-mother-child).
  • a pole of multimode exchange (PEM) (urban trains, tram, buses, taxis, bicycles, bus departmental and regional), thus including a new coach station, will be completed in 2009 with a new hotel of standing, a center of conference, 12.000 m ² of new offices.
  • New stage of L1 for the million u.a. 72 with 25.000 places from here at 2009.
  • a City of the Musics which will gather the National school of Music, as well as a pole current musics and an associative pole from here 2010.
  • Of new residences in western periphery.
  • an increase in the size of the campus of the university.
  • Augmentation in the surface of the retail park carries of Océane, Saint-Saturnin.
  • a multiplexing cinema-theater, place of the Jacobins.
  • Restitution of the arrow and of let us pyramidons on the belfry of the cathedral of Mans.

Green areas

The city is labélisée Ville of art and elected history and at summer second city more " verte" from France, after Nantes. Are held there each year the European Journées of the Inheritance. Because of its extent, Mans is with the doors of the forest and is next to the wood of Changed and the park of the abbey of Épau. The creation of “the Arch of nature” made it possible to the townsmen to benefit from the full nature to a few kilometers of the city. For the center, the city has many lawns and parks, into the old city, in particular in edge of the wall, and close to the cathedral with the Jacobins. With the new tram, new “grass carpets appeared” and the large arteries are bordered of trees. The campus of the Université of Mans also profits him from a natural framework privileged because of its extent. The botanical garden, vestige of the time of great explorations, proposes a garden with English and another with the Frenchwoman with a rosery and a bandstand. The park of the Musée of Tessé with the Quinconces of the Jacobins form an important whole in the middle of the city. On the heights of the Mans Old man, one finds the Esplanade of the Bicentenary, a timbered park, built in the walls. It offers a pretty panorama on the Sarthe, as well as the north of the downtown area. The Jardins Pierre de Ronsard offer a small space of greenery to the South-west of the old city. They are separate in three gardens. They are located at the front of the Collegial Saint-Pierre-The-Court. The " Bridge-neuf" who connects the center to the old city the cross-piece. We also have the Square Dubois , on the largest bridge located at the top of the tunnel.

Mans is a flowered city with 3 flowers allotted by the National council of the cities and flowered villages of France to the Concours of the cities and flowered villages, while in the agglomeration, the town of Coulaines has 4 of them: .

Perhaps, let us can also mention the intervention of Paul de Lavenne Count Choulot, on the Park of the prefecture. One said of him that it was the Capability Brown French.

River spaces

See also: River Spaces of Mans

The city of Mans is crossed by two distinct rivers: Huisne and the Sarthe, both of intermediate size. Water necessary to supply the hearths of the city and its agglomeration is drawn from Huisne exclusively. It is distributed after treatment. The Sarthe is unsuitable with consumption and is not to in no case used at food purposes.

On the town suit, the two rivers are navigable by boats or barges of intermediate size. The port, not far from the center town, is located on the Sarthe. It profits from light river tourism, the trade privileging the train or the road links. Formerly, the Sarthe and Huisne accommodated river conveyers for the extra-departmental trade. The quays were arranged in proportion at many places and reflected the aspect of " well; industrielle" city;. The traffic grew little by little blurred and privileged displacements on the Seine or the Loire, more easily navigable. The road infrastructures, railway and air easily replace the former practice of the river space of Mans.

On these two rivers, the risings are rare but existing however. The flood of 1995 for example had immobilized the majority of the bridges of the Sarthe below the Mans old man, not far from the tunnel. This part of the east city thus under the risk of water in the event of pouring rain. After this flood, retaining tanks of water were created upstream of the city. Huisne, it, is saved, or at least does not block intramural circulation. The bridge of Pontlieue in is an example: construction is too high to be flooded.

The bridges have some particular stories and were sometimes symbol of the architecture of the city. In addition to the Tunnel of Mans which brings to the Sarthe, certain destroyed bridges mark the history of the city. One sees for example the bridge of Vendean partially destroyed but always accessible, replaced by the bridge of Pontlieue. One also saw appearing on the Sarthe of the " bridges in X" to allow the tram to more easily circulate on the river axes and to better serve the various districts. These bridges were destroyed, the more so as the tram had also withdrawn him.

History

Blasonnement and colors of the city

Of mouths to the cross of gold charged with a sand key out of stake and confined of four money candlesticks; with the chief of azure charged with three flowers of gold lily, the ecu bordered of gold.
The colors are those of blood and gold. They were taken again at various places in the city, in particular for the formation of the principal football club of Mans. Today the colors of the city changed. They approach orange, this same color which prevails on the Gallo-Roman wall. This color is also the symbol of the red which occurs and which out-of-date, with the image of the city which lived and preserved after a fashion, among the innumerable wars, famines or fires.

Denominations and nicknames

Mans is baptized various nicknames. They evoke especially the history of the city, more than its specific qualities.

  • the capital Plantagenêt , by its historical dimension and its importance in the Franco-English relations. In the same way, the denomination of Capitale of Maine was allotted to him during all the time or this area existed.

  • the city Blood and Gold , because of color of sound blasonnement.

  • the red city , because of its wall and of the color of the latter.

  • the cradle of the car , for the work of the family Bowlful and the creation of Mancelle. One also sees the establishment of the Renault factories.

  • solid Mans, it , thanks to its intact architectural heritage preserved during years.

  • the worker , because having been one of the largest industrial turntables of the lasting west of France 19th and 20th centuries.

  • the turntable of the West or Door of the West for its star highway network with 5 branches, its role of railway saddle jib crane and some times air.

Gallo-Roman time until the Rebirth

The origin of the commune of Mans goes back to Antiquity. Archaeological excavations made it possible to discover traces of a Oppidum on the hill of the Mans old man where lived Gallic people: the Aulerques cénomans. Mans (then named Vindunum of the Celt vindon , white and dunon , hill, fortress) is conquered in 56 av. J. - C. the territory develops then to become one of the main cities of the west.

Towards the end of the 3rd century, the Gaulle is invaded on several occasions by the Barbarians. The inhabitants take refuge then on the hill of Mans and build a wall of year 270 at year 300 (still visible today).

During 4th and 5th centuries, cruel people (Vandals) cross the area then settle there (Francs saliens). This “barbarisation” will bring to Mans Christianity by the baptism of Clovis I {{er}}. It leaves, under conditions, the city between the hands of a barbarian: Rignomer. This last is finally assassinated with the center even of the city, under the orders of Clovis itself.

V|5 E until the 13th century, Mans knows one period “of feudal anarchy”. The most important fact of the time is surely the christianization of Mans by Julien saint who would have been the first bishop. Évêché of Mans is very important since it is then one of widest kingdom. Many religious buildings were built during this period.

In 865, Mans is attacked by the Viking S of the chief Hasting, which are beaten by the counts of the area. But Hasting returns in spring 866, and plunders the city.

The city knows few periods of peace and development until the 13th century. After the reign of Charlemagne, the counts of Maine reign of Roger V into 895 with Eremburge which marries in 1110 Foulque V of Anjou. From this union in Mans Geoffroy Beautiful the is born known as Plantagenêt, founder of the dynasty of the same name. It will reign on Maine and Anjou of 1128 to 1151. Its marriage in 1128 with Mathilde of England enables him after several military campaigns to proclaim duke of Normandy in 1144. Mans becomes the starting point and the center of what one will call “the Plantagenêt empire”. His/her son Henri II fact of being worth his rights on England from which he is proclaimed king in 1154. Richard Lion-hearted, whose wife, Bérengère de Navarre will withdraw herself in Mans where she will found the abbey of Épau, him will succeed it in 1189. Then Jean without Ground will definitively give up the city with Philippe Auguste in 1204. The period of feudal violences is completed then. The monarchy, supported by the Church, continues and the influence of the city is strengthened by its religious function and its economic role. Mans increases out of the walls. New access roads are arranged, navigation on the the Sarthe becomes more active and the circulation of the men and the goods is accentuated with the creation of markets and the fairs.

At the time of the War One hundred Year old, Mans is the theater of several battles, obliging Manceaux to fold up themselves behind the walls and to shave the suburbs. The English are definitively pushed back in 1443. The shortly after this war, Mans knows a new expansion. After the death of the last count Charles in 1481, the king Louis XI inherits Maine. The city changes, the businesses begin again and the culture is spread.

At the time of the wars of religion between the catholic calvinists and the , which lasts forty years, Mans is not saved. The news of the Massacre of the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre reaches the city at the end of August, but the municipality protects the Protestants by imprisoning them.

The strengthening of monarchy puts an end to the general discords and ensures peace in Maine.

The inhabitants of Mans were formerly called: Norman and half (nickname drawn mocker owing to the fact that the capon of Mans was worth this price, C. with D. 1 mansais or mansois currency of the lords of Mans = 1 Norman ½, is 1 sum of money French ½).

Industrial development

18th and 18th centuries are marked by the development of the craft industry, in particular with regard to the production of wax and textile. The production of candles and candles will be noticed and appreciated in all the country and until near the court. For the textile, the invention in 1650 of a new cheesecloth will make it possible the weaving looms of Mans to have an international repute (in 1740, two thirds of the production were exported abroad). Textile industry will be most dynamic until the 19th century with the manufacture of hessian.

Very quickly, Manceaux include/understand the importance of the railroad. In 1844, Mans is interested in the Paris-Rennes line. Alençon and Mans disputes this line. Finally, the mancelle agglomeration is selected. This new installation changed the structure of the city; new industries and trade were established. The population grows bigger and the city extends.

In 1842, Ernest Sylvain Bollée installs his foundry of bell and thereafter creates several large companies. His/her son, Amédée Bollée father creates several vapor cars as from 1873. In 1896, Amédée Bollée wire manufactures its first gasoline car, the company which it created then always exists. Leon Bowlful, the second wire of Amédée Father, invents at the 19 years age a Calculating machine and will found then a company of Automobile S which will function until in the years 1930.

In 1885, the mancelles companies decline or stagnate. Only the foundry, with the rise of mechanics, progresses. One develops the Railroad within the department of the Sarthe as well as a first network of phone lines in 1893.

With the rise of the car, Georges Durand founds the Car club of the Sarthe which becomes soon the Automobile club of the West (ACO). He organizes a first Grand Prix in 1906.

It is in Mans, by another impassioned of car which creation will pass of what will become later the social security and by a sour Community spirit with the image of Ariste Jacques Found-Chauvel, that will develop the real construction from which result alignments the “mancelles ones”, initiated by creation of what will give rise to later the groups of insurances, Banque S and Mutualité S.

In parallel, aviation knows its first stammerings initiated by Wilbur Wright invited by the Bollée brothers, and it is with the Hunaudières the August 8th 1908 that the Flyer takes off.

Town planning

The city

The city is very green, nearly 51% of the dwellings of the metropolis have a garden inherited the agricultural tradition and mutualist of the inhabitants of the city. Its Town planning, enough décousu, is very variable from one sector to another and proposes centres of dense populations and activity like almost virgin zones. The current urbanization touches all the sectors and roof gradually many virgin spaces or being the subject of reorganizations. The Ville is mainly made up of residential zones whose dwellings are mainly of old working houses stuck the ones to the others, built in the same style: the house known as " mancelle" , symbol of passed from the city. Residences HLM, very disparate of one district at the other and recent buildings are in total opposition with the old working districts. The center town is also varied, one finds there the largest buildings of the city, built recently (years 1970-80), like the tower emerald and of the commercial lanes gathering the older middle-class houses. The Vieux Mans proposes some residences preserved like the Maison of the queen Bérangère , the most remarkable dwellings being the private mansions, dominating the city from their placements in top of the Roman wall in the Cité Plantagenêt. The ends North and South of the city are reserved for the Industrial and Commercial Parks.

Mans Metropolis: 1st Mancelle crown

Mans Métropole is a Urban community formed by the city of Mans itself, to which eight other surrounding communes are added. These communes largely benefitted from the glorious Thirty, contrary to the city-center. The communes of Awls and Arnage in the South, which still formed boroughs until the years 1960, were fully integrated into the Urban community of Mans, then in Mans Métropole. The perish-urbanization gained in power these 20 last years, paradoxically in the city-center. On this territory of a hundred kilometers, the urbanization touches only 72% of space. The 2 communes best integrated remain the towns of Coulaines by its direct proximity with the North-eastern Sector of Mans, as Allonnes which since about fifty years developed thanks to its statute of ZUP. INSEE at the time of its censuses limits the urban community to these only communes whereas the 3/4 of the inhabitants always live in the direct metropolis. The 8 contiguous communes bring much to Mans by their dynamism in times that zones tertiary or of great marketing activities (Vault-Saint-Aubin or Saint-Saturnin by their highway exchanger " Mans-Nord" not example). Remain that they composed in 1999 only 1/3 of the population of Mans Metropole with 45.300 inhabitants. This first crown is less wide than the project of Information system strategic plan of Mans, initiated in 1973, which gathered 25 communes around Mans. This diagram is consulted today by the departmental services for Manceau town and country planning. In 1999, INSEE deducted 225.500 inhabitants for this project, while the Bassin of employment of Mans Metropole reaches 310.000 people.

2nd Mancelle crown

The 2nd crown is most underprivileged in all the directions of the term. Less powerful economically than the first, the communes are pulled about between the attraction carried out by the city-center, and the small powers which the boroughs of the third crown exert. Their structuring is weaker than the communes directly related to Mans. These communes do not have economic power like would have it the cities of the metropolis and do not have an important role. They are not the engine of the mancelle economy. Differentiation is clear on the level of the settlement. The policies of the municipalities aim at the satisfaction of their inhabitants and the good being of the population and not a regrouping in a vast structuring. It is thus an intention to be closer to the population resident, rather than to be to include in a large urban surface. These communes however have a strong residential attraction with the creation of private housing estates. With respect to Mans, these communes are in periphery of approximately 15 kilometers. The towns of Milesse, of Champagne, Saint-Pavace or Spay are integrated there.

3rd Mancelle crown

The third crown is more powerful than the second. It is made up of boroughs or small towns capable of a great attractivity. They are located at approximately 30 kilometers of Mans. Two poles can be distinguished: in the East with Montfort and Connerré, and in South-west with Suze. These last saw étoffement proposed services by these communes. That was followed of an increase in the population. Suze for example saw the installation of small industrial poles like that of Valeo. These cities are served by FOR THE THIRD TIME from the station of Mans and are located on the passage of broad outlines like Mans-Paris or Mans-Nantes. The large majority of the daily migrations towards the city-center are done in this space of third crown. These spaces are developed in the South of the city of Mans. In north, the cities as Saint-Jean-with Assé are too distant to constitute a true continuation of the crown. The town of Bazoge with about fifteen kilometers in the North of Mans, announces the end of this perish-urbanized space.

Demography

Mans was populated of: 19030 inhabitants in 1806, of: 65467 inhabitants one century later (1906), the last estimates of INSEE for 2005 gave a report on: 144500 people. According to the last general census of the population of 1999, the urban Unité of Mans counts: 194825 inhabitants while its urban Aire adds up some: 293159. The basin of use of the city touched approximately 310.000 inhabitants in 1999.

With the wire of the centuries, the industrial small town became a city with regional vocation. It profited from the development of the infrastructures and the decentralization of industry of post-war period. The competition of the close cities (Angers, Nantes, Turns, Rennes) did not enable him to develop more. All these cities “were to some extent neutralized”, stagnant by their growth in end of the year 1990, then taking again a certain dynamics during the years 2000. Nevertheless, one notes a demographic renewal of development thanks to the arrival of credits coming from Paris which wish to continue their wage activity in Paris region while living in Mans (55 minutes in TGV of the Gare Montparnasse), it belongs to the last crown of the town of Paris.

Administration

Mayors

See also: List of the mayors of Mans

|- | align=right| 1947 - 1965 || Jean-Yves Chapalain ||align=" center" | RPF || |- | align=right| 1965 - 1977 || Jacques Maury ||align=" center" | MRP || |- | align=right| 1977 - 2001 || Robert Jarry ||align=" center" | MGP || |- |align=right| March 2001 || Jean-Claude Boulard ||align=" center" | PS || |-

Administrative division

The city is divided into twelve cantons, with a whole of 48 communes:

Districts

See also: Sectors and districts of Mans

Mans is divided into several districts. Its two ends are formed by the Porte of Océane and southern Antarès ZI. The various districts are composed of old residential zones of alignments of small houses called “mancelles” as to Pontlieue, Quartier California, the Mission, the Quartier Hospital it Pré, the district Jean-Jaurès and the Quartier Gallière (or district of the Madeleine) or the Royal Chasse, Quartier Bowlful who are integral parts of the city and more recent zones like the Mallets, and Gazonfier, even “post-68” with the image of the Quartier Bellevue and Fine sands, Ronceray, Glonnières. The station plays a central role in the organization of the city: a northern side offers an exit on the center town, the side southern on the Novaxis center. Finally central parts of the city: the place of the Republic and the Jacobins who are next to the historical part of the Vieux Mans.

Communes bordering

Twinnings

Mans has twinnings of weight in particular those with the England and the Russia. Rostov-sur-le-Don whose twinning hard since about fifteen years is more the big city of the Eastern South-east of widened Europe, exceeding the million inhabitants briskly. Bolton is also a metropolis of choice in the European plan since dynamic English city, it is in particular known for its football team on level UEFA.

Universally, it is related to the Nipponese city of Suzuka, in particular known for its circuit, composing a major test for the championship of the world of Formula 1. The city is a suburb of Nagoya, the larger third Mégalopole of the Japan. As much to say that this twinning is profitable and quasi essential for a sporting city like that of Mans.

Finally strongly ignored twinning but however one of most important of Europe is well that with the German city of Paderborn. It was certainly the first transborder treaty between two European cities, into 836! Any door to believe that Mans was the first European city at the same time as Paderborn to have a twinning with the modern direction. It was certainly the first “religious” treaty between two cities of the catholic community, and this for the transfer of the vestiges of Liboire saint.

  • , 139.000 hab.

  • , 182.600 hab.
  • , 8769 hab.
  • , 1.200.000 hab.
  • , 78.000 hab.
  • , 265.400 hab.

Policy

City traditionally on the left, Mans accommodated, from November 18th to 20th 2005, the 21e congress of the Socialist party.

Economy and research

Companies in Production

  • Food :
    • Beautiful
    • Bahier
    • Christ
    • Rented
    • the Gallic
    • Sodexo
    • Yoplait

  • Automobile Die :

    • Renault,
    • ABALONE
    • AUTOMOTIV
    • Courage Competition
    • Eurovia
    • Euromaster
    • Die ELF
    • NTN
  • Communication :
    • Framatome Connectors
    • Garczynski
      • Vital
    • GIE Sesame
    • Smith and Nephew
    • Westinghouse

  • Deposits and productions of Wholesale :

    • Auchan
    • E. Leclerc distribution
    • Subway
    • Interflora-Téléfleurs
    • Super U

  • Transport S professional :

    • 72 Maine express train
    • SERNAM
    • STEF-TFE
    • Tavano
    • UPS/Chronopost

Current economy in figures

The city counts 3 technopolises with the district Novaxis , the University-West and the Southern Technoparc . An agro-alimentary industrial park is notable with the pole Vitaxis which gathers more than 2000 employment. 18 industrial and commercial parks are findable on Mans and 6 of its communes of the metropolis. 1 free urban zone (ZFU) is present at the Sablons .

Industrial Economy

Industry appeared in Mans with half of the 19th century. Turntable of Maine and all the French West. The metallurgy developed much inside even of the city. The railroads also employed many rural the neighborhoods. The opening towards Paris, then towards Brittany made it possible the town of develop its industry. The raw materials arrived then by boats, of time or the city had 3 ports " moyens". The wearing of Awls, Arnage and Mans were small turntables to forward to the various places of Maine. This means of routing which has not never been able to develop because of the competition of the railroad.

The marshalling yard in the south of the city, which with evil to be shown a profit today is the one blazing time symbol of the industry of the city. Until the Second world war, Mans is one of the most industrial cities of France with Saint-Etienne. Near, the town of Saint-Pierre-of-Body holds the comparison. The remainder of the department of the Sarthe and Maine of the time worked a long time in the agroalimentary one. The department preserves its dominant " besides; rurale" apart from the city. After this time of renewal for the city, the fall is only stronger. The city stagnates as of the years 1970. Its population even weakens. The increase begins again with the beginning of the year 1980, but very moderately compared with its powerful neighbors. Mans, which was at the beginning of the 20th century one of the three most influential cities and most important for the French west (with Rennes capital of Brittany, then Nantes) lost its place with the profit of tertiary cities. The reconversion is always moving.

In the field of the tertiary sector, for a long time, Mans did not have large shopping malls. 1982 should have been waited until to see appearing important distribution companies.

In Agroalimentary, the great name of agroalimentary Yoplait concentrates a major pole there. The Automobile sees Renault in particular and Japanese NTN. Initiated by the family Bowlful, auto industry will take a paramount place in the industrial development of the city.

The period of Entre-deux-guerres is marked by the installation of the Renault factory in 1936. The factory will benefit from the saving in war in 1940 by producing parts for the Germans. After the war, the factory will develop. It constitutes, still today, the greatest working concentration of Mans. Important specialized companies in Électronique settled following Renault such Schneider Television, Glaenzer Spicer, Philips, Souriau, etc Mans preserves tertiary companies as for the services: centers of calls World Assistance, B2S (French n°2), Eurofil, The Phone House or Argus insurance. The Insurance S mutualists such MY, MAAF, Groupama, Agricultural credit, Savings bank are also established in the city. Moreover, Mans was, and is always above all, a town of insurances in particular with the foundation in 1828 of the real Mutual insurance company of Mans which after multiple evolutions, sets up from now on the group MY. The ACO, supported by these companies, developed and is the organizer of the 24 Hours of Mans and that thanks to the construction of circuits.

This increase in the industrial park will cause an surge of labor in the mancelle agglomeration. The city will spend 25 years to be left the housing shortage of Après-guerre. It will also result from them a lack from infrastructures and services, in particular as regards formation. As from 1960, one creates a scientific university branch. It is an appendix of the university of Caen. In 1969, one creates a IUT to answer at the request of technical trainings for industry. The university develops, appear gradually sectors letters or right. It becomes independent as from 1977. Its buildings built as of prefabricated are marked by their time, symbol of a construction " rapide".

Industry and geographical development

The territory manceau is today comparable with that of cities like Bordeaux or Lyon, but its density of dwelling is much lower. The city was composed in industries and population with second half of the 19th century. Mans absorbs the close boroughs neighborhood and suburbs like Holy-Cross. Those are today of true districts. In 1855, Saint-Georges and Saint-Pavin are attached to the East of the city. In 1865, it is with the turn of Pontlieue to be integrated into the South. The increase in the number of inhabitants is important. Whereas in 1851, the city counted 27.000 inhabitants, they are 45.000 townsmen who are deducted in 1866. Already, the territory is filled but very incompletely. Residential spaces are then numerous, the vast railway zones of activity appear the shortly after the arrival of the train coming from Paris. The first phase of growth is just after 1854, whereas the agglomeration enters the industrial time. The railway material, the tobacco factories, the foundries and the factories mechanical are under development full. It is also the birth of the first tertiary company in Mans: the future die MY.

The second phase of growth is since 1920. The city obtains the benefit of many strategic delocalizations. The factories of ammunition just like appear at the dawn of the second world war the factories of engines of planes. In 1936, spaces of occupation of Renault bring to a certain economic dynamic. The electrification of the line Mans-Paris reinforces the position of the city in time that “railway star of the West”. After the second world war, they are approximately 5000 employees who work the every day for the SNCF. Mans becomes the only industrial town of the West whereas Saint-Nazaire is open on the sea and that the stations of Rennes or Nantes are too distant from Paris. The third phase is that of “the thirty glorious ones”. However the SNCF counts nothing any more but 3600 paid in 1974. Contrary, the Modern Counters, created into 1928 employ people more and more. Renault always remains the largest factory of the department with 10.000 employment in 1974. The migratory movement becomes strong, but for a distance of the city. Whereas in 1975, a great phase of disindustrialization touches Renault and the Mutual insurance companies of Mans, of new activities revolutionize the economic activity. The public services and merchants appear slowly. The tertiarisation in the city of Mans proves to be slow. Overflow of the urbanization out of the municipal limits low full sound since 1960. The 2 principal communes to profit from these migrations are two more important of the 1st crown: Awls and Coulaines. Awls is built like a ZUP whereas Coulaines, nearer to the city of Mans develops in allotments of small buildings. For the second time, the city includes the surrounding boroughs. However, the perish-urbanization continues to be done in the form of a discontinuous residential spreading out. Come as of the years 1980, common the neighborhoods like the Vault Saint-Aubin or Holy Saturnin in north or builds a new retail park. The zone of the Polygon in the South, built since 1960 also concentrates a strong community activity. The two industrial and commercial parks, North and South, propose activities of transport, trade or services with the companies as with the private individuals.

The new surface: between stagnation and progress

Years 1980 are remembered by the creation of new axes of communications: the lines TGV which connect Paris to the West, pass by Mans to serve Nantes and Rennes. The highways connect Mans to Paris, Alençon, Rennes, Nantes, Tours, Caen and Rouen/Calais, which caused to instigate economic fabric but the city always keeps the image of an industrial and nonintellectual city like the other metropolises of the West. Its identity is largely sullied by its role with simple “relay” with the West, and being far away from the remainder of the area of the Pays of the Loire. Its history and its economy were based on the new raw materials and industrial infrastructures as regards transport. However the city lost much with the French loss of ground in the field of the industrial production. Closed companies, city losing its inhabitants… The circumstances were felt as of the end of the year 1990. Paradoxically, whereas the mancelles crowns gain in power, it city-center sees its growth rate weakening, until obtaining a negative variation. In fact the peripheries benefit from it. As from 1960, one creates a scientific university branch. It is an appendix of the university of Caen. In 1969, one creates a IUT to answer at the request of technical trainings for industry. The university develops, appear gradually sectors letters or right. It becomes independent as from 1977. Its buildings built as of prefabricated are marked by their time, symbol of a construction " rapide". The creation of this small university, initiated since 1967, brought some 10.000 students with the passing of years. However, the refusal of the town of open a CHU at the Northern Hospital very clearly slowed down its chances to become university large-city. Some technopolises however led the city to take an important place in the tertiary sector. The Novaxis technopolis located at the Southern Station is most recent and profits from better strategic site of the three. The technopolis of the University, though a little excentré, profits from its own highway exit and its proximity with the economic scene or Faculty of Science. In 1999, the territory of the CUM is urbanized to 72% only, whereas residential spaces account for only 1/3 of entire surface. However, Mans preserves the great majority of the population of the urban community, because of the small number of implied communes. They are thus the 3/4 of the population which resides in the city-center. Since the beginning of the years 2000, the city of Mans decided to cure this problem of “metropolitan escape”. The city lost many inhabitants between 2003 and 2006, especially because of the rebuilding of many parts of the city. It is in this optics that new buildings are created at the not yet occupied urban ends, and in particular in the West, close to the University. The presence of the tram, should make it possible to attract new inhabitants. The “carpark-relays” of the tram are especially designed for the reception of the visitors or the inhabitants of the metropolis, so that they can benefit from the new means of transport of the city. Its position between Paris and the West will have brought also much for the periods of “relaxation”. From a point of view as well economic as geographical, the passage of the local football team in professional division was one more. That allowed a renewal of popularity of the city at the national level, and made it possible “to dope” the frequentation of the stage, to reinflate the cases of the city partly.

Mans accommodates the head office of the company of the insurances MY and the GIE creative Sesam Vitale and distributer of the Vital card, established in the district of Novaxis business.

Mans is the seat of the Chamber of commerce and industry of Mans and the Sarthe. It manages the Aérodrome Mans-Arnage and some schools of higher formation.

The community northern Mans company at summer created in June 1999. It joins together 70 of the 430 companies located in northern periphery of the city. This confederation includes many companies on a ray of ten kilometers which form an important economic capacity and sits at the council of the community of agglomeration. Employing approximately ten thousand paid on a surface of 100.000 m ², it tends to be made compete with by the Southern zone and in particular “Family Village” recently opened. The community in the South, close to Hunnaudières and of Antarès, is in full expansion whereas she showed an unquestionable delay these last years, vis-a-vis all the Northern zone, served by the door of Océane.

Transport

Transportation routes

See also: Station of Mans

The has 11 (Paris-Nantes), the has 81 (Mans-Rennes) and the has 28 (Rouen-Turns) serve the city and its agglomeration. Thanks to last work of A28, the city is placed in the center of the connection England - Spain. Mans is the crossroads of the French West for downward flows of Paris towards the Brittany and the remainder of the Pays of the Loire, the city has connections TGV. The Aérodrome Mans-Arnage accommodates approximately 44.000 people per annum. A port, not far from the center town (river tourism) supplements the service roads.

  • Mans is at 56 minutes in TGV of Paris.

  • With 2:00 of Nantes by the highway A11.
  • With 1:40 of Rennes by the highway A81 then by the RN157.
  • With 1:00 of Turns by the highway A28, and of Angers by the highway A11.
  • To 40 mn of Alençon by the highway A28.

Public transport

28 lines of bus of SETRAM, and a line of tram serve the agglomeration. The presence of the tram is today a need for the needs for displacement from one end to another of the city, so much the ways in the bus can be long. The number of lines should be reduced as of November 2007 to leave room to the tram. With 15 km of ways, the principal line should comprise 29 stops. The bus is still currently one of the most practical means to move since they serve many parts of the city. They can reach Vault-Saint-Aubin or Yvré-L' bishop, of the peripheral cities far away from the center town. .

A northern deviation was created there is to unchoke little the commune of Saint-Saturnin. Remain that work of the tram will have many times blocked the traffic with the center even of the city. The Tunnel of Mans is also an important building of the road infrastructure. Dug in second half of the 19th century, it makes it possible the cars to climb the hill of the Mans old man and to enter quickly in the center of the city, the building is always used as well into ascending as while going down. Cycle ways were arranged and circulation is done a way twice. A long time the city was seen deprived great lanes inside the community. Until the years 1970, the road infrastructure was insufficient for the city: too narrow ways, lack of roads for various strategic points… Since 1962, one notices that the city does not have the infrastructures necessary compared to its number of inhabitants (142 000 in 1962). All that is due to a growth " anarchique" city. It is said whereas it grew " too much vite" to obtain powerful infrastructures. It results certain problems today from them. A not completed by-pass or a peripheral to the 4/5 of a full rotation, too small lanes… All these problems tend to be solved with time in particular with work of unfolding of the northern by-pass which is in hand and whose delivery is planned for 2009/2010 to mitigate the stoppers at the rush hours on this section. Mans concentrates since the years 2000 on transport in commun runs with the installation of the tram and especially of the " carparks-périphériques" in order to reduce the number of cars within the city.

Years 1960 marked a resumption in hand of the engineering service of the roads, as indicates it SDAU of 1967. With the image of the " opening centrale" in center town which with considering shaving most of the historical center, the road refitting at obligatory summer for the development. It fully completed forever. That it is of the by-pass or the highway peripheral, none of both is completed in true loop. Inside, the boulevards and the avenues with 2 ways are not always enough. Certain major axes remain them with a way. They are left with half with the cars, with half with the pedestrians, with the image of the street Nationale, one of the principal commercial street. With work of the Tram, certain lanes still were reduced and circulation became difficult fault of installations during the modifications of the traffic organization. Even if the purpose of it is to unchoke the internal traffic, the tram is likely to cause many decelerations on circulation.

Sports and leisures

Car

The city has two teams of high level sport in tennis shoe and football, but is universally known for the 24 Hours of Mans, race one duration 24 hours, declined for the car S, the motor bikes, the Karting S and even the Camion S. This race, created in 1923, is the most famous race of the endurance in France and in the world. The teams consist of three pilots who lead while taking turns. Several categories of cars are registered with the race. The influence of this race is enormous, as much in France that in the whole world. In the same way, the televised rights are exported more and more and are sold better and better. The fame of the city goes to Japan: televisions tokyoïtes fought to obtain the televisual rights of the edition 2004.

There exist also the 24 hours Roller and the 25e hour of the book (in the past 24 hours of the book, the ACO being rather chatouillleuse as for the use of the name “24 hours of… ”). Mans has also accommodated for a few years the Grand Prix of France motor bike, the greatest meeting of France and one of largest of Europe of the amateurs motorcylcists. The city thus has a strong influence and a strong radiation on France as much as on Europe, since many are the English to cross the English Channel in order to attend the various organized automobile sporting tests. Mans has its clean Musée of the car, not far from the aerodrome. One can admire single prototypes there. Many are the visitors carrying out the “pilgrimage” in the city universally considered as the cradle of the car and the automobile sport in general.

Basketball

See also: Antarès (Mans)

Years 2000 will have been one period ostentation for the sport manceau. Indeed, a team of Pro has Basket-ball, MSB (Mans the Sarthe tennis shoe, in the past SCM). The MSB posts a beautiful prize list while being quadruple champion of France (1978, 1979,1982 and 2006), quintuple vice-champion of France (1970, 1974,1980,1981 and 1983), double winner of the Coupe de France (1964 and 2004), and victorious of the Week of the aces (2006). The MSB is one of the best representatives of the French tennis shoe on the European level, as well as Villeurbanne. Continuously qualified season after season for Euroligue of tennis shoe (league of the champions of the European tennis shoe), Mans still pains to reach the high rankings of this competition. Despite everything, in France, its famous and its prize list testify to the excellence of the club. The dome of the club is not other than the Antarès room.

Football

See also: Stage Leon-Bowlful

million u.a. 72, team of Football in League 1 for two years, has been in some places to fall under the European tournaments. Mans has considered for a few years the construction of a new stage based in the south of the city, not far from Antarès, having a capacity of reception quite higher than that of the stage Leon-Bowlful (approximately 17.000 people to the maximum currently) with sitted places guaranteed up to 41.800 places for the spectacles and 25.000 for the matches. It should be born in the neighborhoods of 2010 and would become thus one of largest of France, a right reward for a team in string for European places.

Skate and roller

Mans has recently a skate park covered not far from the university-technopolis in the west of the city, showing the interest to manceaux for the disciplines like the roller or the skate. Moreover, the 24 hours roller , competition initiated since ten years, gathers many sportsmen coming from all France. It makes it possible to patinate by teams during 24 hours on the Circuit Bugatti of the 24 Hours of Mans.

Dance station-wagon

the Station-wagon-Dance is a new sport, but current the best team of France east that of Mans.Les Kombo/Legiteam Obstruxion are champions of France contains 2006 and 2007 of them whereas they finished in the 4th place at the time of the last championships of the world, organized in Korea in March 2007. The troop does not count less than 22 championships, only for the year 2006-2007. This group of 13 boys and 2 girls is recognized nationally and internationally. They are qualified like single French participants for the next championships of the world in Germany, on October 20th, 2007. this sport appeared in many districts of the city while the MJC " Plain of Ronceray" is the principal meeting place to see the champions of France.

Principal sporting clubs

  • Basketball : Mans the Sarthe Tennis shoe (MSB) evolving/moving in ProA.

  • Football: Mans Union Club 72 (million u.a. 72) evolving/moving Leagues 1 of them.
  • Handball: CSC Mans Handball.
  • Karate: Samurai 2000.
  • Aikido: several clubs, of which the Aikido Club of Mans.
  • Rugby: Rugby Club of Mans (RCM).
  • American football: Caimans 72.
  • Roller: three clubs of which the Club of ice-skating on casters Mans (CPR).
  • Table tennis: Mans Table tennis (ASGM) evolving/moving in Main road 2.
  • Tennis shoe: JALT Mans evolving/moving in N3

Inheritance

Architectural heritage

Old monuments

  • the center town is surrounded by a Gallo-Roman polychrome wall built at the end of the 3rd century still preserved very well today, the most important testimony of the military architecture of this time in France, and the third of Europe after Rome and Constantinople (Istanbul). The city belongs to the cities and countries of art and history belonging to the “red cities”. Only four other cities carried this title to France, of which Lyon. That comes from the color of bricks used at our era by certain tribes, to build the walls of enclosures of big cities. In the same way the roofs of the time had an orange color as one does not find today, than in the south of France.

  • the Cité Plantagenêt is one of the old cities best preserved in France. Inside the wall, the district called is “  Mans  old man; ” (or “  old city of Mans  ”), where the majority of the houses date from the Rebirth. One can in particular quote the house of Adam and Eve, the hotels of Clairaulnay and of Be worth. Recently, the name of “  Plantagenêt  city; ” was given to the old city. This unit is preserved and seldom disturbed very well by modern installations.

  • the most remarkable monument is the cathedral Saint-Julien , which combines the Romanesque art - for the Nef - and the Gothic art - for the chorus and the Abside. It has one of most beautiful Gothic bedside the, high of 33 Mr. His seven sides, his triple rise, its propping up divided into “  Y  ” give an imposing impression of expansion, reinforced by its advantageous situation dominating the great place of the Jacobins. It was built between 11th and the 15th century. The stained glasses, for the majority of the 13th century, are of a very great quality. One of them, 12th the, known as one of “  Ascension  ” would be one of oldest of Europe. Nobody undoubtedly said the beauty of this cathedral better than Paul Claudel in his diary of 1925 : “  I was far from me to wait this superb thing. Cut in a pure wheat of light, a ray angelica that by places a pink

  • the Notre-Dame church of the Seam (Romance with Gothic frontage and vault angevine). This monument has a construction close to that of the cathedral of Angers. An abbey is juxtaposed to him and composes the prefecture of the Sarthe, it presents a remarkable whole of 18th with a very beautiful staircase. The old hospital of Coëffort (Gothic), Our-Lady-of-Pre (Romance), the abbey of Épau, the collegial Saint-Pierre-of-The-Court and the church of the Visitation come to supplement this rich person religious heritage.
  • the Musée of Tessé is a remarkable building of the 19th century. It is one of the large museums of Mans with the museum of Awls and the new museum of archeology. The museum was created under the reign of Louis XVI and he knew multiple evolutions and multiple alternatives. Today, it is recognized in particular to have Egyptian collections and mythological pictorial representations of first order. In the same way the museum of the Bérangère queen gathers works on the Sarthe-native history and the mancelle life.

  • Certaines achievements is not however there any more to testify to last to Mans. the Castle of Mans , for example, was destroyed on the order of Louis XIII, in 1617. The wall it also, is touched. It was cut down by its southern part because of a prolongation of the cathedral. The modern city and the districts of the full downtown area profit from subsidies on behalf of the municipality in order to carry out an architectural embellishment on the dwellings.

Buildings of contemporary architecture

  • the revival of the city with brought buildings to more required and more futuristic architecture. The best example remains the Antarès versatile room, painted in white immaculate and round in the shape of flying saucer. The stage Leon Bowlful formed to him also part of the contemporary inheritance of the city. Drawn on the basis of Cycle-racing track Leon Bowlful at the beginning of the century, the building with considering following one another the modifications and the enlargings approximately to reach today a capacity of reception of 17.000 people. Today, this last cannot be any more increased because included by the buildings neighborhood. The creation of a new stage is very seriously being studied. A general-purpose stage of 25.000 for the sporting events could be born in the South of the city, not far from the 24 hour old circuit. the Palate of the congresses , built at the end of the years 1980 is as well as the Médiathèque Louis Aragon , an imposing contemporary monument. Both dominate the Sarthe with a few meters of the downtown area.

  • the Northern hospital is him, an excellent example of the architectural co-education which is operated in the city. Whereas its principal building is an old private mansion, the buildings surrounding it are them, much more recent. they were rebuilt in the years 1970. Construction in the course of a Femme-Enfant pole better and better illustrates this improbable meeting of various generations of architecture. The downtown area shows him also an improbable meeting of the kinds. The Judiciaire city forms an imposing building on many floors and reflective panes, just like the Jacobins center. Opposite, the cathedral opposes its history and its traditional and old architecture to him. The Legal city at summer built during the years 1990. Not far, an older example is disappearing.

  • the tower Emerald at a long time be the symbol of the insurer MY in the city of Mans. Created in 1975, high of 55 meters and 16 stages, this tower is highest of the center town. It comprised a long time an architecture specific because of its windows to pink-orange color. Today, the tower is refitted and its preparing is remade so that it shelters a luxurious residence with apartments of T2 in T5 in heart of city.

  • the center town, still preserving archictecturaux aspects marked by the years 1970, will be metamorphosed by the arrival of the tram. Architecture will be upset and the white-yellowed color will be replaced on many buildings, by a dark red color, symbol of old the " city-rouge". it will be the case of great places of the city as the place of the spur or the place of the Counts of Maine. These districts are marked by the time of their rebuilding. Before the second world war, this part still formed part of the Vieux Mans, it is to say if the architectural metamorphosis to upset the city through the ages. The buildings enormously gained in height, with the image of the tower emerald.

  • the great metamorphoses also appeared on the campus manceau . Years 2000 marked the arrival of new buildings, more coloured and more modern. First of all for the students themselves, since the infrastructures grew rich by a new college library, a new data-processing space (Etna) or a new sporting space. In space environment the university technopolis, the new buildings offer a more modern aspect of the city. The City skating rink Freezes at summer the first to be moved into the zone. It was then followed by infrastructures of football in room, then a closed skate park. Soon, a carpark-relay tram should open its doors. Entirely covered with reflective panes and couleut orange-red, the carpark will be spread out over 4 stages in order to allow a maximum of vehicles of being able to park itself.

Urban architecture and civil

The places of Mans are rather numerous and have all their characteristics from the event which were held there, from their constructions or their significance.

  • the place of the Republic is the great place pedestrian of the center town. Formerly place of the markets. It was a long time place of reception for the corn exchange, destroyed during the 19th century due to insalubrity. The central Bored operation started in the years 1960 with aimed at giving again a character of " to him; full center ville". At this point in time a pond was installed in its center, of the greenery was laid out with the four corners of the place while its basement was used at the same time as shopping mall, then, more in-depth, of carpark. The statue of Chanzy releasing the city trônée also a long time in this central place where all Mans came. Since 2004, the place was entirely destroyed in order to be remade in order to accommodate the tram. An underground car park antièrement was antièrement remade and réagrandit. The tram passes in the center of the place while the fountains disappeared. The pavement of the place at summer completed in time to accommodate the parade of the 24 hour old pilots 2007. 3 years will have been necessary to rehabilitate the basic place in roof. Elevators are at disposal to reach the carparks while the underground trade should reopen soon. The place will be fully reopened at the November 17th and 18th 2007, when the tram is opened with marketing.

  • the place of the Jacobins is undoubtedly the second great central place of Mans. Located just at the South of the ramparts of the Mans Old man, it is dominated by the Southern tower of the cathedral, high 60 meters. Western north, the tunnel gives access to the place while coming from the north of the agglomeration. In the same way, at the North-West the Palate of the Counts of Maine is located. On the western sides and is are located two theaters: the Municipal theater and the Theater Paul Scarron. In the South, the Legal city, created in the years 1990, reflects the city by its " windows glaces". the same applies to the center Jacobin, shopping mall gathering various international signs (C&A, Jules, Fnac…). The center of the place is reserved for the cars. Wednesday and Friday, on the place the largest market is held of the city. Others are held at several places of the agglomeration, but this one is the main thing. In the East of this place, is the quincunxes of the Jacobins. By these stated specificities, it is a mixture of several generations of urban architectures: The Middle Ages for the cathedral and the place of jet-of water, post-war period for the Municipal theater, sobriety of the years 1980 for the theater Paul Scarron or innovation of the years 1990 with the Legal city. This place is with the image of the city: cosmopolitan and various, between conservation and innovation.

  • the place of Jet-of water is next to the place of the Jacobins. It trouvz with its extrimity Northern, right in front of the Cathedral. Once again, this place is largely reserved for the cars. However the water Jet is located on a place overcome thanks to staircases and the place preserves its specificities of antan. To note that all the staircase or the fountain was made out of stones calquaires, that is to say white, contrary to the wall or the cathedral itself.

  • the place of the counts of Maine is a symbol of the operation " Centrale" opening; carried out in the years 1970. Indeed, the entirety of the urban development of this place depends on this time. It evolved/moved however, with the passing of years. Located in margin of the François-Mitterrand avenue, main road, leading thereafter to the Northern station, it profits from an automobile passage of number. It gathers a carpark, office buildings, residences and a complex of cinema baptized " Cinéastes" . This last profits from a particular architecture since having an underground access. This cubic aspect and trabsparent dominates the place. The avenues neighborhood are made up of arcades pedestrians on their pavements, whereas the place is entirely with the free air, which poses a major urban differentiation.

  • the place of the Spur started to be arranged in 1963 with the construction of the seat of Maine Libre. After being left in simple carpark for the journalists, it was transformed into true place of transit. Whereas the building of the daily newspaper dominates the place, it is about a central space since making separation between two important points of the downtown area: the center trading and the Mans old man. Planted trees, it has green areas with the front of the entry in the old working. From now on, the tram passes to a few meters of the center of the place and modifies its landscape.

Cultural heritage

Mans is the historical cradle of the dynasty of Plantagenêt. The palate of the counts of Maine (today town hall of Mans) and the abbey of Épau belong to this heritage (many concerts in its center: to see Festival of Épau). The many religious authorities in Mans are at the origin of re-elected city in many fields the such music (angels musicians of the cathedrals), revealing the first musical works written in France in the year 1512. Mans has places reserved for the culture of the area and department. The history of the museums in is an example. The museum of the Bérangère queen testifies to the history of the city. The media library Louis Aragon has in his reserves of the important works and value on the history of Maine. They are consultable by all those which wish it.

Turnings

Its characteristic made of the Mans old man the place of turning of many famous films of time like Cyrano of Bergerac , French film carried out by Jean-Paul Rappeneau in 1990, Uneven the , film free-germano-Italian carried out by Philippe de Broca in 1997, or Molière of Laurent Tirard, with Romain Duris, in 2007.

The circuit also will have been very snuffed him by the scenario writers.

Many were the realizers who were conquered by the city cénomane:

Gastronomy

The city of Mans is famous for its Rillettes, preparation containing Viande of Porc, sometimes of Oie, Canard, rabbit or Gibier, cooked slowly in its own grease until obtaining a consistent paste.

Other specialities:

Culture

Press

The first daily newspaper of the Sarthe east free Maine which diffuses a little more than 48.000 specimens in the department. It belongs to the group Western France which also has a local drafting in Mans.

  • the regional newspaper free Maine
  • Antenna of local drafting Western France
  • Drafting of So Sport (sporting magazine manceau paying)
  • Mans metropolis (free magazine)
  • Mans our city (free magazine)
  • Mans Sectors and Quartiers (free magazine)
  • the Sarthe magazine (free magazine)
  • Appear-sold - the 72
  • the cultural , two-monthly Life Mancelle & Sarthe-native Review on sale in kiosk and bookstore
  • Foot Mans , monthly magazine paying with national pulling (jointly published with Foot Caen )

Media

In addition to a local antenna France 3, M6 has reporters on the spot 24 hours a day, while LM TV is a chain of information and programs various reserved for the city itself and its agglomeration on approximately sixty kilometers.

The radios stated here do not have only one frequency of emission but also of the installations in the city for unhookings or services of information, based full-time.

  • local Antenna France 3 Maine
  • LM TV (local chain)
  • M6 Mans (local drafting)
  • Europe 2 Mans (double northern drafting and the southern Sarthe + Brittany)
  • RFM Mans
  • NRJ Mans
  • Cherished FM Mans
  • Nostalgia Mans

The city has three local radios. Radio Alpa is a radio animated by voluntary organizers. Its programs are varied, it privileges the opening to the music of the world. Its frequency is 107.3 MHz and its studios are based with MJC Prévert . Cartables FM is young person radio operator diffusing quasi-exclusivement music. She addresses herself to a young public by her musical programs, she is écoutable on 93.3 MHz. Lastly, the radio Vibration is during room of Voltage FM on Paris. The radio diffuses on Mans, just as in most of the régio center. Other networks of diffusions are present at Tours and Orleans. The radio was a time, sponsor of million u.a. 72. Its frequency is 102.1 MHz.

Theaters

  • Antarès
  • Palate of the congresses and the culture of Mans
  • the Oasis
  • Saulnières
  • Room Henri-Barbin
  • Museum of the queen Marguerite
  • Museum of Tessé
  • Mega CGR Saint-Saturnin - doors of Océane
  • the abbey of Épau
  • Collegial Saint-Pierre-the-Court
  • Espal
  • the Lock
  • Center of the exposures of Mans

  • the room in the concerts

  • Room Henri-El Salvador
  • MJC Prévert
  • central municipal Theater
  • Theater Paul-Scarron
  • Theater of Transitory the
  • Theater of the Foundry
  • the Scenario writers
  • Royal the
  • Room Jean-Carmet
  • Item the
    • flat
  • MJC of Ronceray

Cultural events

Mans accommodates festivals of reputation, the city develops especially the art of the music and the theater. The two major events are the Europa jazz festival and the springboard Mans quoted song. Europa jazz has existed for more than 20 years and is a survival of the style jazzy where the new artists as the old ones come to be expressed. The springboard Mans quoted song allowed good number of artists now recognized to prove reliable at the professional level. In 2004 and 2005, Mans accommodates the festival of extreme musics Furyfest. For a few years, the Plantagenêt city has been illuminated throughout the summer with the Night of the dreams. Artistic representations are projected on the enclosing wall of the old city, along Right Bank of the Sarthe. This event lasts three months and attracts visitors of all France for a single spectacle in its kind by its beauty and the natural provisions favorable of the site. The Cross-country race Western France, the congress Woman of History, the carnival of the Districts or the Photographic ones are as many festivals which proceed during all the year.

Libraries and media libraries

The city of Mans proposes with its inhabitants of many cultural places and in particular some Bibliothèque S. These libraries and Médiathèque S are sometimes the places of exposures of art, of literary or philosophical debates, like the Carrefours of the thought and the Forum Le Monde it Mans. The two principal rooms are the media library Louis-Aragon, first media library of the city inaugurated in 1988, as well as the college library of the western campus, refitted with the beginning of the year 2000. The other places stated hereafter are of more restricted size, mainly of the libraries of districts allowing the inhabitants close to not having to move towards the center town or the university.

  • Media library Louis-Aragon

  • Media library of Espal
  • Media library of Ronceray
  • Médiathique of Saulnières
  • Library of the Orchards
  • Library Jean-Mill
  • College library of Mans
  • Library Berengere
  • Library Chateaubriant
  • Library Emerald
  • Library Jean-Mill

Museums

A Musée of the car introduces a rich person collection of vehicles of yesterday and today with many racing racing cars very right exits of the contiguous circuit.

With the Museum of Tessé, Egyptian “residences of eternity” of Néfertari, wife of Ramsès II and Sennefer, mayor of Thèbes towards 1420 av. J. - C. were reconstituted life size in the basement, constituting the principal part of a rich person collection of Egyptian archeology. A green museum and a future museum of Archéologie supplement the major part of the places of exposures. Mans also has a green museum, the museum Minnow-of-Forbonnais.

Famous Manceaux and Mancelles

Historical characters

Of origin or adoption:

Contemporary personalities

They (or they) adopted Mans :

  • Jose Arribas, former football player having carried the colors of the Sporting union of Mans.

  • Nicolas Batum, hope of the French tennis shoe revealed by MSB, where it evolves/moves since 2004
  • Steevy Boulay, chronicler at Laurent Ruquier in the emissions One very tested on television and One will obstruct with the radio.
  • Loránt Deutsch, actor actor, originating in the Sarthe.
  • Didier Drogba, professional Football player. Appointed international ambassador of the city of Mans.
  • Olivier de Kersauson, navigator, born with Bonnétable having made its studies in Mans.
  • Henri Pescarolo, pilot and car manufacturer.

Teaching

The secondary

Not-exhaustive and not sorted list:

  • College Notre-Dame

  • Notre Dame College of Holy-Cross
  • College Saint-Charles
  • College Holy-Catherine
  • College Joseph-Roussel

  • College Marguerite-Yourcenar

  • College Montesquieu (+ CPGE)
  • College Bellevue
  • College G.Washington
  • College the Mans-South
  • G.Touchard College (+ CPGE)
  • College Andre-Malraux

  • Lycée the Horizons

  • Lycée Helene-Butcher
  • Agricultural college Is

University

The campus

Mans divides the university of Maine with the town of Laval from which it is the “director”. The campus manceau is much vaster than that of its counterpart. Contrary to good of other cities, the campus gathers all possible faculties in only one place. Its dimension is quite higher than a normal campus. Gathering faculties of letters, social sciences, right, sciences, etc Three lines of bus (12, 15 and 19) and one of tram are dedicated to him for a dozen stops.

It also gathers a Technopole with pharmaceutical factories, management companies and a IUT GEA. This part offset in the west of the city has four exits for the by-pass and two for the highway “peripheral” (Université exit it western Mans). This campus formerly in the middle of fields found at the dawn of the years a 2010 new youth since in the space of a few months of many residences and many offices literally “left ground”.

The campus has some disadvantages however, in particular the absence of two paramount faculties: in fact Medicine and Psychology. Indeed, even if the western hospital pole is located at a few kilometers, any CHU forever considering the day and the reputation of the university in suffered compared to town of university excellence like Angers or Rennes. It however has a formation for the midwives.

Currently and in spite of a strong fall of inscriptions to the beginning of the year 2000, the campus is again in full expansion as much demographic than geographical. It is even in full reorganization, with in particular the installation of head office IUFM of the Countries of the Loire… The university of Maine has its regional antenna IUFM however. The university profits today from new computing systems very developed like the recent ETNA building, cave of data processing and entirely in free access for the students. The campus has a central college library in the middle of the campus, just as of many BI (libraries of institute) distributed in various faculties (letters and history in particular). They are held by voluntary students.

Various faculties and schools

Other institutions

  • Technological Institute European of the Trades of the music, trades of the instrumental invoice, and commercial and technical dies of the sound, musical data processing
  • the ISMANS - Institute of higher learning of Advanced Materials and Mechanics of Mans
  • the IREM of the Countries of the Loire. Research institute on the Teaching of Mathematics. Center of Mans
  • CNAM Pays of the Loire - License Sustainable development
  • the Automobile Institute of Mans - Trades of the car
  • Iscam - automobile Institute of higher learning of trade of Mans
  • the University of the fine arts of Mans
  • CPGE Lettres with the Montesquieu College: Hypokhâgne and Khâgne
  • CPGE Maths Physics-Sciences of Engineer MPSI: College Montesquieu 1 and 2nd years
  • CPGE Physics-Chemistry-Sciences of Engineer PCSI: Montesquieu college 1st and 2nd years
    • Technological
  • CPGE Physical and Engineerings PTSI: College Gabriel Touchard 1st and 2nd years
    • Economic and Social
  • CPGE Scientific: College Gabriel Touchard in 1st and 2nd years
  • Training institute in care male nurses (IFSI) near to the hospital

See too

Random links:Rogelio Angell | Wilhelm Busch | Honore-Beaugrand (subway of Montreal) | Saint-Élie-in Orford | The Star of Valencia | Askersund