Maintenance of peace

A mission of maintenance of the Paix is a military action or of police force undertaken by UNO or one or more country in answer to a regional crisis of which they are not the protagonists. When this mission is undertaken directly by UNO, this one requires of its Member States a participation in troops (the blue helmets and/or observers). Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations relative to the “action in the event of threat against peace, of rupture of peace and act of aggression”, stipulates that is to the Safety advice of the United Nations (CSNU) to decide if it is necessary to create an operation of maintenance of peace (OMP).

UNO can also entrust such a mission to a International organization (NATO, EU, UA…) or with a country directing a multinational force, which she then elects by a resolution taken in Safety advice of the United Nations. The Département of the operations of maintenance of peace is directed by the diplomatic French Jean-Marie Guéhenno, named in 2000 by Kofi Annan, Assistant general secretary with the operations of maintenance of the peace of UNO. This station, it succeeded Bernard Miyet.

Objectives of the maintenance missions of peace

Strictly speaking , the maintenance of peace is a mission of prevention of a conflict. The deployed force is, in general, presents for:

to observe a cease-fire and troop movements;
to engage of the operations of disarmament, demobilization, reintegration and repatriation;
to support humanitarian operations;
to support a peace process;
to give an assistance in the field of the human rights;
to ensure the law and order.

It does not have in general an offensive vocation and does not have to differently open fire than in the event of self-defense. These missions are not generally enough to found a solid and lasting peace.

An operation under mandate can receive an intrusive mission, one speaks then about missions of re-establishment of peace ( peace making ) or of imposition of peace ( peace enforcement ).

In addition, the United Nations are devoted more and more to mission of consolidation or re-establishment of peace, the action aiming at supporting the structures which will reinforce and consolidate peace.

Examples of force or maintenance mission of peace (of UNO or under mandate)

International force of assistance of safety (TRUSTED) (mission NATO), in Afghanistan, since 2002.
EUFOR (mission EU) in Bosnia since 2004 (succeeded SFOR (mission NATO) 1995-2004).
FINUL (mission UNO) with the Lebanon since 1978.
INTERFET (multinational force under Australian command) with the Eastern Timor (1999-2001)

List maintenance missions of peace

See also: List of the maintenance missions of peace

list of the operations of UNO, in progress or finished

Financing of the operations of maintenance of peace

Contributions of the Member States: The Operation of maintenance of peace (OMP) are separately financed ordinary budget of UNO, and pursuant to a scale of the quotas differentiating the five permanent members from the CSNU of the other Member States.

Budget of each OMP: Except the ONUST (monitoring of the truce) and the UNMOGIP (India-Pakistan), each OMP has a clean budget, that the General meeting of the United Nations, seizure of the reports/ratios of the General secretary and Advisory committee for the administrative and budgetary matters, approves each year.

Control: The OMP are subjected to control committees interns (Office of the monitoring services interns - BSCI-) and external (Auditors for countable management and the audit and, in theory, the common Body of inspection - CCI-, in its general role of inspection).

See too

External bonds

UNO/Maintenance of French-speaking peace
Network of research on peace operations

Complete listing of the operations in progress

Laval University: what the maintenance of peace?
International association of the Soldiers of Peace

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