The macular Syndrome is together a of symptoms having for origin, an attack Macula anger. It can be acute (it is then an ophthalmologic urgency) or chronicle (i.e. to occur more gradually).

Symptoms

  1. lowers vision especially of close
  2. métamorphopsies: the patient sees the deformed lines. One highlights this symptom thanks to the grid of Amsler
  3. Scotome: abscence or reduction in visual perception in part of the Field of vision (central in this case).
  4. Dyschromatopsie, modification of the perception of the colors: Xanthopsia (vision in yellow generally)
  5. Micropsie: the patient sees the objects smaller than they are not.
  6. dazzling with the light: one highlights it while making pass the patient of a medium sinks (the cabinet of a ophtalmo for example!) at a more enlightened place.
  7. reduction in the sensitivity to contrasts: the patient complains less better to see the contour of the objects

Causes

Young subject

Acute form

  1. the central séreuse Chorioretinitis (CRSC) and the retinal epitheliopathy diffuses (ERD) extremely
  2. néovaisseaux choroïdiens (NVC)
    1. NVC of the short-sighted 62% idiopathic
    2. NVC of the young subject 17%
    3. NVC of the Choriorétinite multifocale (CMF) 12%
    4. NVC of the Stries angioïdes 5% post-traumatic
    5. NVC (after rupture of the membrane of Bruch) inflammatory
    6. NVC post disease (toxoplasmose)

Form chronic

  1. Disease of Best
  2. Disease of Stargardt
  3. Dystrophy of the cones
  4. central areal Sclerosis
  5. youthful Rétinoschisis
  6. Drusens dominant

Old subject

Acute form

  1. macular Degeneration related to the age exsudative with visible NV (NVV) or occult NV (NVO)

Form chronic

  1. macular Degeneration related to the age atrophic
  2. Dystrophy pseudovitelliforme of the réticulée adult
  3. macular Dystrophy
  4. Membrane épirétinienne (SEA)
  5. macular Hole (TM)

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