The macular Syndrome is together a of symptoms having for origin, an attack Macula anger. It can be acute (it is then an ophthalmologic urgency) or chronicle (i.e. to occur more gradually).
Symptoms
- lowers vision especially of close
- métamorphopsies: the patient sees the deformed lines. One highlights this symptom thanks to the grid of Amsler
- Scotome: abscence or reduction in visual perception in part of the Field of vision (central in this case).
- Dyschromatopsie, modification of the perception of the colors: Xanthopsia (vision in yellow generally)
- Micropsie: the patient sees the objects smaller than they are not.
- dazzling with the light: one highlights it while making pass the patient of a medium sinks (the cabinet of a ophtalmo for example!) at a more enlightened place.
- reduction in the sensitivity to contrasts: the patient complains less better to see the contour of the objects
Causes
Young subject
Acute form
- the central séreuse Chorioretinitis (CRSC) and the retinal epitheliopathy diffuses (ERD) extremely
- néovaisseaux choroïdiens (NVC)
- NVC of the short-sighted 62% idiopathic
- NVC of the young subject 17%
- NVC of the Choriorétinite multifocale (CMF) 12%
- NVC of the Stries angioïdes 5% post-traumatic
- NVC (after rupture of the membrane of Bruch) inflammatory
- NVC post disease (toxoplasmose)
Form chronic
- Disease of Best
- Disease of Stargardt
- Dystrophy of the cones
- central areal Sclerosis
- youthful Rétinoschisis
- Drusens dominant
Old subject
Acute form
- macular Degeneration related to the age exsudative with visible NV (NVV) or occult NV (NVO)
Form chronic
- macular Degeneration related to the age atrophic
- Dystrophy pseudovitelliforme of the réticulée adult
- macular Dystrophy
- Membrane épirétinienne (SEA)
- macular Hole (TM)