The macrolides are Molécule S with antibiotic properties, which have macrocycles often associated with Sucre S neutrals or amino. They constitute a Famille of antibiotic S able to diffuse in the fabrics, even inside the cells. They are thus active on the intracellular Germe S. They are used in the case of the atypical Infection S pulmonary (Légionellose, infection with Chlamydia), certain infections with Streptocoque S, Staphylocoque S mongrel, entérocoques. However their use is delicate because of many side effects and medicamentous interactions.

The Kétolide S, macrolides of last generation, are interesting because of the extension of their activity to the Pneumocoque of sensitivity decreased to the Pénicilline (or PSDP ). Their side effects and counter-indications are however the same ones.

Members of this group

There exist two types of macrolides: with 14 carbons or 16 carbons. One classifies them in three generations: 1st generation: 14 C érytromycine has 16 C spiramycine 2nd generation: 14 C josamycin 16 C medicamycine 3rd generation: 14 C 14 C

• érythromycine
• Azithromycine
• Clarithromycine
• Roxithromycine

One also employs the Spiramycine (used to treat the Toxoplasmose), the Ansamycine, the Oléandomycine, the Carbomycine and the Tylocine.

There exists also a new antibiotic class, known under the name of Kétolide S which is structurally related with the macrolides. The kétolides, like the Télithromycine, are used to fight the infections of the Breathing apparatus due to Bactérie S resistant to the macrolides.

Macrolides not-antibiotics

Uses

Mechanism of action

Resistance

See too

• Antibiotic
• Polykétide

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