Macchiaioli

The pictorial movement of the “ Macchiaioli ” developed with Florence during second half of the 19th century. The term is given in 1862 by an anonymous critic of the “Gazzetta del Popolo” which thus, defined in a pejorative direction these painters ( tachist ) anti-academic who, in the neighborhoods of 1855, were at the origin of a verist revival of Italian painting.

Principles

The movement proposes to renew the national pictorial culture. The poetic one of Macchiaioli is verist, in opposition to the romanticism, the Néoclassicisme and academic purism. She affirms that the image of truth is a contrast between the tasks of colors and theobscure one, obtained at the beginning via a technique called “black mirror” i.e. by the use of a mirror blackened with smoke making it possible to raise contrasts of clearly-obscure in the table.

Some members of the group:

  • Tuscan Serafino De Tivoli, Odoardo Borrani, Raffaello Sernesi and Adriano Cecioni, writer and sculptor
  • Vito D' Ancona of Pesaro
  • Neapolitan the Giuseppe Abbati
  • Vincenzo Cabianca of Vérone
  • critic and patron Diego Martelli
In a certain direction, more isolated but considered the representatives emblématiques of the movement:

Their meeting room was the Michelangelo coffee of Florence.

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