Lupin

See also: Lupin (homonymy)


The lupins are plants of Fabacée S or leguminous plants belonging to the kind Lupinus . Certain S have been cultivated for more than 4000 years.

Description

The lupins are plants which have a strong content of Protéine S (43%) and contain also fibers (25,5%), Sucre S (13,5%), fat contents (12,5%) and minerals (5,5%). The lupins push in a wild state in the sandy grounds.

The lupin plants food

It is a dry Vegetable flat and land-mark which requires a steeping prolonged in salt water before consumption, and must be cooked several hours to eliminate the Alcaloïde cooked S. Même, it is necessary to continue to make it soak in cool water salted during one week, by renewing water twice a day. A bad preparation could make it toxic.

It can be consumed in the form of pickled seed (southern of the France, Spain, Portugal, the Maghreb), or in the form of semolina with wafers. The Égyptien S already consumed it, as well as the Mayas.

This protéagineuse plant, perfectly adapted to the European climates, is of a great interest as a plant protein resource. Three species are of today agronomic interest for the human consumption:

  • the white lupin ( Lupinus albus ), cultivated in France;
  • the blue lupin ( Lupinus angustifolius ), cultivated in Australia;
  • the yellow lupin ( Lupinus luteus ), cultivated in Central Europe.

The lupin is also of a great biological and ecological interest because:

  • it recovers the Azote air, recycles it in the ground and limit the contributions of Engrais for the following cultures; it is a green Manure.
  • it is a rustic and resistant plant;
  • it supports, much better than the Soja or the Pois, the absence of treatments Insecticide S and Fongicide S;
  • part of the production can be used with the farm to feed the animals;
  • it can be used by the industrialists like biological emulsifier;
  • it can compensate for the lack of Lysine of the flour of corn in the cereal products;
  • it can replace eggs in the intended products with the people allergic to eggs.

The production of lupin in Europe was of 145 thousand tons in 2001 (92 000 tons in 1999) that is to say + 58%. The European commission with research supports several European projects of research and development.

The lupins white and blue were selected to avoid the treatments of desamerisation (to remove the bitter taste). These soft varieties contain less than 200 ppm of Alcaloïde S.

The lupin is regarded as an excellent food. Comparison of the nutritional values by type of flour (% on matter dries of peeled seeds):

The lupin plants decorative

Many species of lupins are also cultivated in the gardens, sought for their coloured bunches.

Different sub-genera

  • sub-genus Lupinus
  • sub-genus Platycarpos (Wats.) Kurl.
See Classification of the Lupins for more precise details.

Various species

  • Lupinus affinis
  • Lupinus albescens
  • Lupinus albicaulis
  • Lupinus will albifrons
  • Lupinus albococcineus
  • Lupinus albus , lupin white
  • Lupinus anatolicus
  • Lupinus andersonii
  • Lupinus andicola
  • Lupinus angustifolius , lupin with narrow leaflets, or blue lupin
  • Lupinus arboreus , lupin arborescent
  • Lupinus arbustus
  • Lupinus arcticus , lupin Arctic
  • Lupinus arequipensis
  • Lupinus argenteus
  • Lupinus aridus
  • Lupinus arizonicus
  • Lupinus atlanticus
  • Lupinus benthamii
  • Lupinus bicolor
  • Lupinus biinclinatus
  • Lupinus bracteolaris
  • Lupinus burkei
  • Lupinus calcensis
  • Lupinus campestris
  • Lupinus caudatus
  • Lupinus chamissonis
  • Lupinus citrinus
  • Lupinus concinnus
  • Lupinus condensiflorus
  • Lupinus confertus
  • Lupinus cosentini
  • Lupinus cosentinii
  • Lupinus cruckshanksii
  • Lupinus cuzcensis
  • Lupinus densiflorus
  • Lupinus diffusus
  • Lupinus digitatus
  • Lupinus douglasii
  • Lupinus elegans
  • Lupinus eurohybridus
  • Lupinus exaltatus
  • Lupinus formosus
  • Lupinus fulcratus
  • Lupinus garfieldensis
  • Lupinus gibertianus
  • Lupinus graecus
  • Lupinus hartwegii , lupin of Hartweg
  • Lupinus havardii
  • Lupinus hilarianus
  • Lupinus hirsutissimus
  • Lupinus hirsutus , lupin roughcast
  • hybrid Lupinus hispanicus
  • Lupinus
  • Lupinus hybridus
  • Lupinus latifolius
  • Lupinus lepidus , elegant lupin
  • Lupinus leucophyllus
  • Lupinus lindleyanus
  • Lupinus linifolius
  • Lupinus littoralis
  • Lupinus longifolius
  • Lupinus luteolus
  • Lupinus luteus , yellow lupin
  • Lupinus malacotrichus
  • Lupinus mexicanus
  • Lupinus micranthus
  • Lupinus microcarpus
  • Lupinus microphyllus
  • Lupinus multiflorus
  • Lupinus mutabilis , lupin changing (cultivated in South America)
  • Lupinus nanus
  • Lupinus neomexicanus
  • Lupinus nevadensis
  • Lupinus nootkatensis , lupin of Scotland
  • Lupinus nutcanus
  • Lupinus opsianthus
  • Lupinus ornatus
  • Lupinus pachylobus
  • Lupinus palaestinus
  • Lupinus palmeri
  • Lupinus paniculatus
  • Lupinus parviflorus
  • Lupinus perennis
  • Lupinus pilosus
  • Lupinus polycarpus
  • Lupinus polyphyllus , lupin of the gardens
  • Lupinus praealtus
  • Lupinus praestabilis
  • Lupinus princei
  • Lupinus pubescens
  • Lupinus pusillus
  • Lupinus rivularis
  • Lupinus rothmaleri
  • Lupinus rotundiflorus
  • Lupinus sativus
  • Lupinus semiprostratus
  • Lupinus sericeus
  • Lupinus shockleyi
  • Lupinus sparsiflorus
  • Lupinus stiversii
  • Lupinus subcarnosus
  • Lupinus succulentus
  • Lupinus sulphureus
  • Lupinus termis
  • Lupinus texensis
  • Lupinus tomentosus
  • Lupinus truncatus
  • Lupinus variicolor
  • Lupinus varius

See too

External bonds

  • the lupin, a new source of proteins in the human consumption.
  • , study of François Mariotti on the digestibility of the lupin
  • Classification of the Lupins
  • Lupins

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