Lubumbashi - SpeedyLook encyclopedia

Heraldic

It accepted its first armorial bearings on December 20th, 1954.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Lubumbashi_coat_of_arms.jpg

They are blasonnées as follows: " Of money to the rafter of mouths, charged with a Roman capital letter E summoned of a royal crown, the money whole and accompanied by 3 monetary small crosses katangaises of mouths. Currency: Ex imis AD culminated (the depths towards the tops), of mouths on a listel of argent."

Significance: The monetary small crosses katangaises red evoke the mining wealth of copper of Katanga. In the same way, the red rafter could symbolize a copper casting, unless it does not evoke the extraction of the ore, as could suggest it the currency which means “depths towards the tops”. Today, one could see the profile of the spoil heap also there, element of the landscape characteristic of the city. All this is however only hypothetical. As for the “E” crowned, it constitutes a mark of homage to the Queen Elisabeth.

It is with this ecu that the “monetary small crosses katangaises” made their entry among the heraldic figures. This object out of copper, which was used as currency to the natives of Haut-Katanga until the arrival of Europeans, is presented like a small slightly pattée cross and at the round ends, of 20 cm approximately on side. However, by representing it like a small Greek cross, the Belgian official heraldists, badly informed, made a regrettable error. With the Katanga, it is indeed traditionally represented like a cross of St Andre. The civic armorial bearings (see those of the State of Brace Tshombé of Katanga) or personal later will respect the tradition best.

to see It in image

History

Origin of the name Lubumbashi

The current city bore the name of Elisabethville before becoming Lubumbashi. In 1909, the crown prince Albert visits the Mine of Star, and his area without his young suffering partner. It is at this period that one starts to speak about Elisabethmine and Elisabethville (probably in memory of the princess). It was decided to give to the city the first name of his young wife. The city until October 3rd, 1966 preserved this name (although transformed into “E' city” by the inhabitants).

Lubumbashi draws its origin from the name of the river at the edge of which it had been founded. At the time of the policy and philosophy of Return to the authenticity preached by President Mobutu, the city - formerly Elisabethville - will bear the name of Lubumbashi in 1965.

Birth of the city

The city does not exist like such during the XIXe century, although the site of Lubumbashi is occupied before colonization.

Because of its geological situation, to believe the report of Jules Cornet who lets foresee the great richness of the basement, the current area of Katanga receives visitors - prospectors of everywhere Europe. As of the beginning of the year 1900, a company is made up in Brussels to ensure the development of the richnesses of the ground and the basement. It is the Mining Union of High Katanga (U.M.H.K.), current Gecamines. The exploitation of the mine of Star starts. The copper ore is present there in great quantity.

For reasons clean with the company, it decides to install a foundry which will settle close to the falls of Lubumbashi (which provides him water in very great quantity, the falls being in addition a possible energy source). The famous chimney is built. This foundry, leave the copper ingots.

The need for being with an expert is felt. The major engineer Emile Wangermee knows the country well and directly sees himself allotting the mission of creating the new city. He chooses the place: close to the Mine of Star and to the Mining Union to High Katanga. He is regarded as the founder of the city.

The personnel of the Mine placed in the immediate surroundings, in straw huts. With about fifteen kilometers from there, in huts, the administrative services, the post office, finances, justice develop. The atmosphere which reign is that of Far West there.

In 1909, the city is created on paper: a quadrilateral of 20 square kilometers forests. It will be necessary to clear, level termitières, with the means of the edge.

Lubumbashi comtemporain

Note: This section is chronological.

In 1910, there were 300 Europeans and 1.000 Africans with Elisabethville. From now on, the city organizes, becomes extensive.

The U.M.H.K needs much labor. Labor forced are off-set of Rhodesia, d´Angola and of Kasai (balubas). The rail brings a crowd of adventurers from Rhodesia and from South Africa. Australian, Greek, Italian, Portuguese, Asian, English and South-Africans arrive: the population increases.

1911: establishment of the Catholic schools: the Marie-Jose Institute and Dirty the Saint-François College
1925: visit of Prince Léopold.
1928: opening of the national way of communication E' city-Matadi, via Port-Francqui, combining the railroad and the river navigation. Visit of King Albert and the Queen Elizabeth.
1931: opening of the way of railroad of Angola towards Lobito, via Dilolo.
June 25th, 1941: obtaining the statute of City.
1946: opening of the royal Athenaeum of Elisabethville (future Kiwele College) conceived by the Strebelle Architect.
May 1955: visit of King Baudouin.
It accepted its first armorial bearings on December 20th, 1954.
October 26th, 1955: opening of the official University of Belgian Congo and Ruanda-Urundi.
August 4th, 1956: inauguration of the Theater of the city, built within Claude Strebelle.
the king in front of the residence of the Governor in 1959
June 30th, 1960: independence of Congo.
July 11th, 1960 in January 1963: Katanga de Moïse Tshombe, military intervention of ONU.Expulsion then returns of the balubas.
1966: Elisabethville becomes Lubumbashi.
1991: following long harassing of the riots anti-immigrants burst the balubas leave the city in mass.
1997: Lubumbashi becomes a parliamentary city, on decision of Laurent-Desired Kabila; the theater of the city becomes the seat of the Congolese Parliament.

Geography

Altitude: 1.230 m
Latitude: between 11°20 ′ and 12° Southern
Longitude: between 27°10 ′ and 27° 40 ′ Is
Climat: tropical at 2 seasons:

dries: from April at October
rainy: November at March with an average pluviometry of 1228 mm water

Temperatures: average: 20°C

lowest: 15,8° on average, but being able to go down until 10° in July;
highest: 22,5° on average being able to go up to 38° in October.

geological Substance: grounds coming from the rocks of Katanguien.

Education

In 2005, the city has 143 elementary schools, with 119.184 pupils (almost as many girls as boys). The rate of schooling at the primary education level is from 70% to 90% from 7 to 14 years, and is weaker in the districts known as of car-construciton and the town villages.

In 1998, the 92 secondary schools count 37.754 pupils, of which twice more boys than girls. Its schools are especially Lycée S, Collège S, institutes of mainstream education and seldom of the technical training schools or professional training centres. Between 60% and 90% of the population from 15 to 21 years these schools attend.

Higher education is exempted by 6 institutions, cash 6.900 students.

Institutes of higher learning

teaching Institute of higher learning (ISP)
Institute of higher learning of statistics (ISS)
ISEC
ISTC

Great seminar of Lubumbashi
University of Lubumbashi

Administrative organization

Demography

In 1910, there were 300 Europeans and 1.000 Africans with Elisabethville. From now on, the city organizes, becomes extensive.

Health

The town of Lubumbashi counts several health centres:

the university private clinics Mama Mobutu (in the past Hospital Queen Elizabeth );
the Hospital Sendwe;
hospitals of the large companies: hospital Southern, clinical Gécamines/Gécamines/frameworks, hospital SNCC
several maternities (Katuba, Rushi, Vangu Camp) and dispensaries.

Archbishop's palace

Archdiocese of Lubumbashi
Cathedral Pierre Saints and Paul de Lubumbashi

Twinning

See too

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