Luís Alves of Lima E Silva
A military destiny
Luís Alves of Lima E Silva was born the August 25th 1803 in the fazenda Taquaruçu, province of Rio de Janeiro. Wire of the Brigadier (major general) Francisco of Lima E Silva and of Gave Mariana Cândida de Oliveira Belo, it integrated the military career very early. At 15 years, it enters to the Royal Military academy, from where it leaves, in 1821, to be useful in the 1st Battalion of Fusillers of the Garrison of the Court.
After the proclamation of the Independence of Brazil, in 1822, Dom Pedro I organized the Guard of honor and the Battalion of the Emperor, Lieutenant Alves of Lima E Silva receives the load to be the carry-standard about it.
Internal wars
In 1823, Luís Alves of Lima E Silva receives its baptism of fire at the time of the insurrectionary movement of Bahia. Of 1831 with 1845, Brazil saw turbulent moments of internal revolts, and Luís Alves of Lima E Silva orders the imperial troops in the fight against various risings.
In December 1838, begins the Balaiada from the Maranhão. The Colonel Lima E Silva was called to pacify the area while being named Commander as a chief of the imperial Forces and governor of the province. The Conflit will perdura until in 1841, when, finally, the Paix .oi alcançada was found has paz. To have overcome Balaiada in the town of Caxias, Lima E Silva accepted the title of baron of Caxias.
In 1842, the arguments between conservatives and liberals enveniment and of the Rébellion S burst with Sorocaba (State de São Paulo) and Barbacena (Minas Gerais). Caxias is called with the rescue, to solve these problems. It unloads initially with Santos with 400 men. By several successive attacks, it constrained insurrectionists with the escape. Those, although in numerical superiority, were pursued and overcome, and the province found its calm less than one month. The final battle took place the August 20th, in Santa Luzia, Minas Gerais.
Always in 1842, the September 28th, Caxias accepted the difficult task to pacify the province of the Rio Grande C Sul, which was into full '' Révolution Farroupilha '' since 1835. In this conflict, it was pointed out by a relative humanism with regard to the insurrectionists, which was worth the regard of the revolutionists to him. It leaves victorious the fight, and, the February 28th 1845, peace is signed with Poncho Verde.
Caxias, military chief during five internal conflicts with the Empire was consequently devoted " To advise for Paix" and " Peacemaker of Brésil".
External conflicts
In 1851, a new conflict was on the way to burst on the Frontière southern of the Brésil. The Lieutenant-general Caxias had the role of preparing the forces of the Empire to ensure the perenniality of the independence of Uruguay vis-a-vis the claims of annexation on behalf of the Argentinian dictator Juan Manuel of Rosas which counted on the support of the Uruguyan Manoel Oribe that it had helped to reach the capacity. The conflict ended in 1852, by the victory of the Brazilian forces.
Returned peace, the soldier turned to the administration of the State by exerting, at various periods, the functions of Ministre of the war, Conseiller for the war, President of the Council of Ministers of the Empire and Senator. This until the moment of the entry in the War of Triple Alliance.
In 1865, Brazil, the Argentinian and Uruguay linked itself against the Paraguayan forces of Solano López. Caxias was named, at one decisive moment of the war, commander-in-chief of the troops of the Empire in the operations against Paraguay. He was the main actor of the victories of Humaitá, in 1867, Itororó, Avaí, Lomas Valentinas E Angostura, in 1868.
At the time of this conflict, it used, for the first time on the South American continent, the balloon of recognition to supervise the area and to obtain information on the theater of the operations. It opened the road of Chaco, which made it possible manpower under its command to surprise the adversary. The January 5th 1869, the town of Asunción, capital of Paraguay, was taken under its command. It accepted the title of Duc for this fact which put an end to the most horrible military war which never has took place in America. Paraguay lost there two thirds of its adult men and most of its territory. The economy stagnated during the fifty years which followed.
Posterity
In advanced age, Caxias was withdrawn on its native soil. It lived on Fazenda Santa Mônica, province of Rio de Janeiro. He died the May 7th 1880.
In homage to this soldier considered as largest of the soldiers of Brazil, the juniors by the Military academy of Agulhas Negras carry since the December 16th 1932 a faithful copy of the sword of Luís Alves of Lima E Silva. He is the Owner of the Brazilian Army and its date birthday was selected like commemoration of the " Day of the soldier of the Army brésilienne".
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