Lovers of Sion

Amants of Sion ( חובביציון ) is the name of a popular, social and national movement Jewish, of which the goal is the revival of the Peuple of Israel, by the Retour towards Sion and the rebuilding of its fatherland.

The movement, baptized at the " beginning; Love of Sion " , in Russia in 1881 is founded, following antijuives riots, which awake national fiber of some and generate the birth of a popular movement, organized around the idea of the Retour towards Sion . However, similar projects and ideas had previously been evoked with in an individual capacity, by characters such as the Rabbin Tzvi Hirsh Kalisher, Yéhouda Hay Alkalay, the thinker Moses Hess, and the writers David Gordon, Peretz Smolenskin, Eliezer Ben-Yehuda and others. But it is then about the birth of a popular movement of great scale. Thus appear, under various names, of many Jewish associations supporting the installation in Ground of Israel, with as drank common the idea that there does not exist safety for the Juifs in their countries of exile, and that the solution lies in the Return towards Sion. It is the Dr. Pinsker which brings the ideological germs of " love of Sion" in its book " Autoémancipation" , published in 1882. At the time of the conference of Katowice, first official meeting of the organizations of the " Lovers of Sion" , 35 representatives of various countries take part and is concluded Alliance from the Lovers of Sion, under the presidency of Dr. Pinsker. This alliance at the beginning is baptized " To remember Moïse" , in homage to Sir Brace Montefiore which, by its actions in favor of the Jews in the world and out of Ground of Israel, celebrates its centenary.

The movement " Love of Sion" spreads itself in all the Jewish centers of the world. In Central and Western Europe, it takes a more cultural form. It is this same part of Europe which engaged for much in the war against the assimilation; it is it also which posed the stakes of the political Movement Zionist on the scene of which Theodor Herzl arrived.

At the time of the second conference of the Lovers of Sion with Drusknik in 1887 appear antagonisms between the young laic Lovers (Ussichkin, Dizengoff and others) and the orthodoxe tendencies, under the control of the rabbi Samuel Mohaliver. At the time of the third conference, the orthodoxe influence is reinforced, and this until the adhesion of the organization " Bneï-Moshé " who reverses the tendency in favor of an enlightened and laic majority. It then takes the way of a cultural national ideology. The Lovers of Sion found also association " Claire" language; for the resurrection and the propagation of the Hebrew language , and publishes various literary works. In 1890, with the agreement of the Russian government, they create the " Company for the Assistance with the Jewish Farmers in Syria and Ground of Israël" who légitimise in fact activities of the movement on all the Russian territory. The central council of the Company is baptized " The Odessa" Council;. With the appearance of Herzl and the creation of the World Organization Zionist, the large majority of associations of the Lovers of Sion and their members joined the Movement Zionist, continuing in his center its activism, by its support, inter alia, at the building of new communities and Ground schools of Israel.

Many among them emigrate out of Ground of Israel and become, after many vexations, the founders of the cities Rishon LeZion, Rosh Pina, Zihron Yaakov, Yessod Haméala and others still. They count among the pioneers of the village of Petah Tikva, founded by a formed group with Jerusalem, and which will have to give up the place temporarily, for lack of viable conditions. The Council Odessa east dissolves in 1919 by the Bolchévique S.

Sources

Yossef Goldstein "Between Sion and sionisme". ED. Nissionot. Tel-Aviv.
Yitzhak Shanar "Collection of histoires". ED. Yahdav. Tel-Aviv.
Yaakov-David Wilhelm " Generation, generation and immigration". ED. Institute of the studies Zionists. Jerusalem 1946.

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