Lout
Lout is a system of formatting of documents conceived and programmed by Jeffrey Kingston .
The system uses an high level of description of documents similar to LaTeX and generates files PostScript which one can print on the laser majority of the printers or post on peripheral out of exit-screen. An exit purely in text is possible, as well as the format pdf.
Lout is multilingual and functions on the majority of the UNIX, Windows and Mac OS X.
Like Latex , Lout is focused on the contents, the organization with structured and complex models of page layout. The page layout, the choice of the pig iron and cast iron, etc are simple uses. It is a software WYSIWYM .
History
Lout began in 1984 like research project in the development from a language from formatting from high level documents. At the beginning of the project the name was “Document Layout” (Page layout of document), the terminology remaining, the name became Lout . The end of the research project in October 1991 corresponds to the first public version.
Functionalities
- Great typographical quality
- Styles of preset documents for the books, the reports, letters, etc
- Supports of the tables, diagrams, graphs, drawings.
- automatic Management of the tables of content, index, glossaries, etc
- Support of the languages (I18n).
- Small (2 Mb)
- Ripe ( Lout was created in the Années 1990)
Example of document
@SysInclude {carryforward} # Forms final document and orders. @Report # Beginning of the report/ratio. @Title {Titer of the report/ratio} # Titrates report/ratio. @Author {Name of the author} # Name of the author. @Institution {Etablissement" /" addresses of the author} # Etablissement or addresses. @DateLine {Yes} # Dates from the report/ratio. Yes it is the date of compilation if not textual form like 00 February 2000. @InitialLanguage {French} # Document in French language. // # End of information on the report/ratio. @Section # Beginning of the section of the report/ratio. @Title {Titer of the first section} # Titrates section. @Begin # Beginning of the contents of the section. @PP # Beginning of a paragraph in the section. Text and only of the text. # Of the text. @End # End of the contents of the section. @Section # End of the section.
Example of generation of a document pdf
lout - pdf test.lout - O resultat.pdf or lout - pdf test.lout > resultat.pdf
Basic functions
Beacons
The Lout beacons are form @balise {given} . The data of the beacon are delimited by accodances. If these accodances are omitted, then only the word which follows will be interpreted like a data. Attention Lout is sensitive to breakage (capital/tiny).
Example: " A sentence @B in gras." give " A sentence in gras." " A sentence @B {in fat}. " give " A sentence in fat . "
Sections
In fact beacons need a closing beacon.
Example: @Section @Title {Title of the section} … @Begin … @End @Section
to make sub-sections, it is necessary to use the beacons @BeginSubSections to begin, and close with @EndSubSections . A under-under-section will be formed by @BeginSubSubSections and @EndSubSubSections . The structure of the sub-sections and the under-under-sections inside these beacons is organized like a section.
Example: @Section @Title {Title of section 1} … @Begin @PP Of the text. … @BeginSubSections @SubSection @Title {Title of the sub-section 1-1} … @Begin @PP Of the text … @BeginSubSubSections @SubSubSection @Title {Title of the under-under-section 1-1-1} … @Begin @PP Of the text … @End @SubSubSection @SubSubSection @Title {Title of the under-under-section 1-1-2} … @Begin @PP Of the text … @End @SubSubSection @EndSubSubSections @End @SubSection @SubSection @Title {Title of the sub-section 1-2} … @Begin @PP Of the text … @BeginSubSubSections @SubSubSection @Title {Title of the under-under-section 1-2-1} … @Begin @PP Of the text … @End @SubSubSection @EndSubSubSections @End @SubSection @EndSubSections @End @Section @Section @Title {Title of section 2} … @Begin @PP Of the text. … @End @Section
The management of the large documents
All is designed to make documents of large volume. The function @Include simply makes it possible to include a file in another.
Example: @SysInclude {carryforward} # Forms final document and orders. @Report # Beginning of the report/ratio. @Title {Titer of the report/ratio} # Titrates report/ratio. @Author {Name of the author} # Name of the author. @Institution {Etablissement" /" addresses author} # Etablissement or addresses. @DateLine {Yes} # Dates from the report/ratio. Yes it is the date of compilation if not textual form like 00 February 2000. @InitialLanguage {French} # Document in French language. // # End of information on the report/ratio. @Include {introduction.lout} # Inclusion of the introduction contained into the file " introduction.lout". @Include {première_section.lout} # Inclusion of the first section contained in the file " première_section.lout". @Include {seconde_section.lout} # Inclusion of the second section contained in the file " seconde_section.lout". # @Include {troisième_section.lout} # Not-inclusion of the third section contained in the file " troisième_section.lout". @Include {conclusion.lout} # Inclusion of the conclusion contained in the file " conclusion.lout".
You can add or remove sections of a document by commenting on them.
Comments
We can write comments after the character # .
Example: Text # comments. it is the expression of a thought. give The text it is the expression of a thought.
Special characters
Certain characters have a special significance in Lout like: " , # , & , /, \ , @ , ^ , {, } , | , ~ To represent them we must place them between quotation marks. The quotation marks protect the text from interpretation in special characters. Thus in a document lout we must write them as follows: " \ " " , " #" , " &" , " /" , " \ \ " , " @" , " ^" , " {" , "}" , " |" , " ~"
The return to the line and the space management
Generally to begin a new line with Lout, you must begin a new paragraph @PP .Example: @PP My first paragraph. @PP My second paragraph.
give My first paragraph. My second paragraph.
By defect in Lout spaces between two words are posted. Two other conventions to manage spaces are possible, troff (see Troff) and TeX (see TeX). troff is like convention Lout , it is only at the end of line that a space is generated. TeX replaces sequences of more than two spaces by a space, and like troff , it adds a space at the end of the line.
Example: @SysInclude {Doc.} @Document @InitialSpace {lout} #@InitialSpace {troff} #@InitialSpace {tex} @Text @Begin … @End @Text
The pagination
Types of documents
Lout is provided with models of documents. It is this model which one indicates in @SysInclude { model } . These models of documents determine the total structure so much at the logical level (chapters, sections, etc) that on the level of (police forces, pace working of the titles, etc). Lout makes it possible to create its own models of documents. The standard models are Doc. for an ordinary document, carryforward for a technical document, book for a book and slides for transparencies.The type Ordinaire is of simple design and is composed of complete and numbered pages. To carry out document of an ordinary type, it is necessary to use the beacon @Doc or @Document : @SysInclude {Doc.} @Doc … // @Text @Begin … body of the document @End @Text
The type Technique is a document which is carried out with the beacon @Report : @SysInclude {carryforward} @Report … // @Section … body of the document @End @Section
The type Livre is a document which is carried out with the beacon @Book : @SysInclude {book} @Book … // @Preface @Title {In connection with this book} @Begin … body of the document @End @Preface @Introduction @Begin … body of the document @End @Introduction @Chapter @Title {Title of the chapter} @Begin … body of the document @End @Chapter
The transparent type is a document which is carried out with the beacon @OverheadTransparencies : @SysInclude {slides} @OverheadTransparencies … // @Overhead … body of the document @End @Overhead @Overhead … body of the document @End @Overhead …
Font faces:
The PostScript™ font faces are usable in a Lout document. For TrueType™, they are usable after conversion with the utility ttf2pfa.
Police forces available in Lout:
The initial version of Loot includes a list of families of pig iron and cast iron with their styles of form.
To add a police force in Lout:
You can use other pig iron and cast iron by installing PostScript™ new fonts. With this intention, you must have the police force with an extension “ .pfa ” or “ .pfb ” and the file of metric of this cast iron “ .afm ”. In the repertory of installation of Lout (example under Unix : /usr/lib/lout), you must have a repertory “ font ” in which you must copy the pig iron and cast iron files. In the repertory include publish the file “ fontdefs ”. General syntax is alors : fontdef “ Lout family; ” “ Lout style; ” “ Name PostScript ” “ File métrique ” “ File counts of caractères ” “ Re-code/NoRecode ” Lout family:
- It is the family name of the police force which will be used in Lout.
- It is the cast iron style (Base, Slope, Bold, BoldSlope…).
- It is the official name of the police force (see in the file .afm).
- It is the name of the file of metric “ .afm ” of the font face.
- Precise in Lout where is located on the table each character.
- Précise if Lout must use the table of characters.
Working
August 1st
Lists
August 1st
Tables
August 1st
External bonds
- Official site
- Jeffrey Kingston
- OrchidéeNoire or SimTex
- Lout2 and languages with beacon
- Txt2tags
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