Lou Andreas-Salome

Lou Andreas-Salome ( Louise von Salome , February 12th 1861 - February 5th 1937 with Göttingen) was a Woman of letters and German Psychanalyste of Russian origin.

Biography

Born with Saint-Pétersbourg, girl of a Baltic general and Protestant of German origin and of a Danish mother, Lou Salome accepted an education more thorough than that given to the women of the time in general. It very young lute Spinoza and Kant. Lou Salome is high in a romantic environment, it fascine the largest male thinkers of its time without never being given to them.

Its meeting with Nietzsche

Young person, it makes the meeting of Friedrich Nietzsche which, during the year 1882, saw its only true story of love in an escapade with three with Paul Rée, a Jewish philosopher who asks Lou in marriage.

The love of the three intellectuals remains platonic. It has in common with Nietzsche to have thought of died of God; with the death of his/her father, a passion for the Hindouisme and a low health that it can look after only in Italy where it go on many journeys… Lou and Nietzsche spent three weeks of wandering to be discussed of philosophy.

Nietzsche sees in Lou an incredibly gifted and at the same time unbearable child. It is finally Elisabeth Nietzsche, the sister of the philosopher, who draws aside the Russian, which his/her brother will never forgive him. Nietzsche sinks then in a deep depression and written Ainsi spoke Zarathoustra .

The detail of this adventure remains vague, because Elisabeth Foerster, the sister of Nietzsche, got busy to falsify the chronology and the contents of it.

The woman of Andreas and the MUSE of Rilke

In 1887 (it is 26 years old), an eccentric botanist, specialized in the study of the snakes, misses giving itself death in front of it if it refuses to marry it. Andreas, hypnotized by its new cobra, obtains win even if their marriage is not consumed. Their union forever no direction for Lou which nevertheless bears the name of this husband of jealous but inoffensive operetta.

In fact, the life of Lou Andreas-Salome remains that of a Pan-European intellectual gipsy who travels permanently and corresponds with largest. Free woman before her time, in 1897, it meets Rainer Maria Rilke, which is fourteen years old less than it and which will not recover either from their meeting. She leaves on a journey with him to Russia in 1900. Their relation lasts three years (and their correspondence all their life), and Rilke is perhaps the only man whom she loved physically (what makes of her a kind of virgin laic or crowned prostitute, if one thinks of the christic orientation of the poetry of Rilke). It changes its name of “Rene” “To groove”, simplifies its style and becomes her mother and her MUSE at the same time.

One easily classified Lou Andreas-Salome in the category of the “egeries” because it met the most remarkable spirits of its time, without seeing that it treated with them equal footing. That harmed the knowledge of its work, of a great richness, which still remains to be studied. Y are neighborly the novels: Ruth (1895), Child of the men (1899), Rodinka (1922); tests on Nietzsche, Tolstoï, Rilke, the psychoanalysis, feminism; an autobiography which she wanted posthumous, My life (1951), and a very important correspondence.

The Freud family friend

But it is the meeting with Sigmund Freud, in 1911, during the years of birth of the Psychanalyse, which are most outstanding. Lou Andreas-Salome becomes the friend of the girl cherished of the psychoanalyst, Anna Freud. Lou maintains a correspondence with the doctor Vienna and takes an active part in the establishment of the principal concepts of the Master by a critical spirit. She is opposed besides to him about the religion which interests Freud at the end of its work.

Verbatim

* “We are deeply related by the intelligence and the taste - on another side there are so many things which oppose to us, that we are one for the other at the same time the object and the most instructive subject of observation which is. I never yet met somebody who can extract from his experiments such a quantity of objective judgments, nobody who can as many draw things of all he learns… My sister unfortunately became an enemy mortal of L.” Friedrich Nietzsche with Franz Overbeck (before mid-September 1882)

* “… the day of our very first meeting which took place in the Saint-Pierre church… The first words that he addressed to me were: " From which stars we did fall to meet us? " ” Lou Andreas-Salome, My life. Outline few memories

* “Lou betrays much of itself and in his own behavior in love in these accounts… and one will undoubtedly not be mistaken completely to see as an aunt Adèle, beautiful woman remained virgin, a double distance of the author in the years which preceded 1897, and the late discovery of the love… It had thirty-six years then… Its attention to tighten Jutta envelope however more. It lends to him better than its proximity with nature: the naive and obstinate charm which had been it his, little girl, her moral intrepidity which makes him burn the stages and play with fire. ” S. Michaud, " Préface" , Lou Andreas-Salome, Jutta (2000)

* “It had need to love somebody who he was an echo of God; but it could not divide its layer. And then, there were the other men, the men of the commun run, those who were not gods; but to these, it granted only its friendship. This Eros selected, denied, and which however radiated all its person imperceptibly, was the first source of its extraordinary charm. ” P. Citati, Portraits of women (1980), " Lou Salome and Nietzsche"

* “It was a force of nature more than one human being” Paul Bjerre, in A. Etkind, Histoire of the psychoanalysis in Russia (1995)

* “It was of a not very common modesty and a discretion. She never spoke about her own poetic and literary production. Obviously, it knew where to seek the true values of the life. Whoever approached it very strongly was impressed by sincerity and the harmony of its being and realized with amazement that all the female weaknesses, and perhaps the majority of the weaknesses human, were foreign for him or that they had surmounted them, during its life. ” S. Freud, International Zeitschrift für Psychoanalysis (1935)

* “(…) many examples persuaded me that whoever did not know it all personally does not include/understand Lou, perhaps even is it unable to include/understand it, because it had something of very unusual, with what the other human ones are quite simply not prepared. ” Anna Freud, letter of December 18th, 1980

Works

  • Figures of women in Ibsen (1892). Translation, annotation and postface of Pascale Hummel, 2007.
  • Friedrich Nietzsche through its works , 1894, test.
  • Ruth , 1895, autobiographical novel.
  • Child of the men , 1899, Romance.
  • Rodinka , 1922, Romance.
  • devil and his/her grandmother (1922). Translation, annotation and postface of Pascale Hummel, 2005.
  • the hour without God and other stories for children (1922). Translation, annotation and postface of Pascale Hummel (2006).
  • Open letter with Freud for its 75e birthday , 1931.
  • My life: Outline some souvenirs" , PUF Quadriga, 2001, ISBN 2130520405
  • with Anna Freud: " In the shade of the father: Correspondence 1919-1937" , ED: Hatchet, 2006, ISBN 2012357288

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