Loing

The Loing is a river of France, long 166 km, tributary of left bank of the the Seine, whose course crosses the departments of the Yonne, of the Loiret and Seine-et-Marne.

It takes its source with Holy-Dove-on-Loing and sprinkles the Puisaye and the Gâtinais (of which it constitutes “the backbone to some extent”), passing to Saint-Fargeau, Châtillon-Coligny, Montargis, Nemours and Moret-sur-Loing (little before its confluence with the Seine).

The course of Loing remained navigable until the beginning of the 18th century, ensuring the subsistence of many families (carrying by water, marines, floats) throughout her course. Principal transported goods: textiles and especially by-products of the vine (Wine, Vinegar).

The irregularity of the flow of Loing (forgotten today because of the construction of many laying-up basins) very early led to the drain of its course, then with its doubling by works of art: the Channel of Briare, at the beginning of the 17th century, leaving the the Loire with Briare to join Loing with Rogny and according to its course until its junction, shortly after Montargis, with the Channel of Orleans (today unused) and the Channel of Loing (built in the Années 1720, and which takes over to follow the river to its confluence with the Seine to Saint-Mammès).

Although being a pale reflection of the millers activities of last (the course of Loing was accompanied by very many mills), the flour mill did not completely disappear from its banks. In persistence testifies to the mill of Cepoy, from which a grinding stone would date, according to the assertions of a local scholar, Roman epoch (?).

Etymology

It is possible to bring the name closer to the river of a term Gaulois meaning " the bête". Breton modern loen : “stupid”, “mounting”. Welsh modern llwyn .

Another explanation attaches it to former French leu (wolf), assumption supported by the existence with Moret of the priory of the Bridge-Wolf.

Common crossings

; In Yonne:

Holy-Dove-on-Loing ~ Saint-Saver-in-Puisaye ~ Moutiers-in-Puisaye ~ Saint-Private Saint-Fargeau ~ Saint-Martin-of-Fields ~ ~ Bléneau ~ Rogny-the-Seven-Locks

; In Loiret:

Dammarie-on-Loing ~ Holy-Genevieve-of-Wood ~ Châtillon-Coligny ~ Montbouy ~ Montcresson ~ Conflans-on-Loing ~ Amilly ~ Montargis ~ Châlette-on-Loing ~ Cepoy ~ Girolles ~ Fontenay-on-Loing ~ Nargis ~ Dordives

; In the Seine-et-Marne:

Castle-Landon ~ Souppes-sur-Loing ~ It Madeleine-on-Loing ~ Poligny ~ Bagneaux-on-Loing ~ Saint-Pierre-the-Nemours ~ Nemours ~ Montcourt-Fromonville ~ Grez-on-Loing ~ Bourron-Marlotte ~ Montigny-on-Loing ~ Genevraye ~ Épisy ~ Bowls ~ Moret-sur-Loing ~ Saint-Mammès ~ Veneux-the-Fine sands

Affluents

; Left bank:

; Right Bank:

Hydrology

The flow of Loing was observed over one 59 years period (1949-2007), with Épisy, locality of the Département of Seine-et-Marne located at some 10 km of its confluence with the Seine. The catchment area of the river is there of 3  900 km ² on a total of 4  150. The following figures thus relate to 94% of the total area catchment (in fact only the data due to the Orvanne miss).

The interannual medium flow or module of Loing at this place is of 18,4 m ³ a second.

The river present of strong seasonal of flow, typical fluctuations of the rivers of the south of the basin of the Seine, and that one also finds in the basin of Yonne (Yonne, Armançon) but with a definitely less flow for Loing and his affluents, this because of very attenuated precipitations. The high waters occur in winter, and carry the average flow monthly on a level from 23 to 33,5 m ³ a second, from December to April included (with an in February maximum), and low waters in summer, from July to October, with a fall of the monthly medium flow up to the level of 7,9 m ³ in September and August, which remains comfortable. But these monthly averages hide variations much more important over short periods.

With the low water levels, the VCN3 can fall until 3,2 m ³, in the event of dry period quinquennial, which remains rather high. Let us recall that the VCN3 is the past minimal quantity or minimal flow over three days consecutive.

In fact especially the risings can be important and which are rather frequent. They are the cause of the considerable overflows of formerly. The recorded maximum instantaneous flow was of 315 m ³ a second on January 11th, 1982, while the value maximum day laborer was of 296 m ³ a second at the same date. The QIX 10, or calculated flow of decennial rising, is of 190 m ³ a second. As for the QIX 20 or flow of vicennial rising, and QIX 50 or flow of raw cinquantennale, they are worth respectively 220 and 270 m ³ (see note). From where one must conclude that the rising of January 1982, whose mention was made higher, was of level higher than cinquantennal, perhaps centennial, in all the cases very exceptional.

Finally the QIX 2 and the QIX 5 have their importance. They are the flows calculated for a biennial and quinquennial rising. They are worth respectively 99 and 150 m ³ for Loing. They make it possible to assess the risks with more short term.

As comparison, let us recall that the QIX 10 of the the Eure to the Cailly-on-Eure is worth 90 m ³ a second for a basin of 4  598 km ², while its QIX 50 is of 120 m ³. One can thus notice that the QIX 10 as the QIX 50 of the basin of Loing is moreover of the double of those of the Eure, whereas the catchment area of this last is a little vaster and that the two basins are relatively close one to the other.

The Lame of water past in the basin of Loing is of 148 millimetres annually, which is much lower than the overall average of France, and also to the average of the totality of the catchment area of the Seine (220 mm). The specific Débit (or Qsp) is assembled at 4,7 liters a second and per square kilometer of basin.

Tourist sites

Many tourist sites mark out Loing and its surroundings of which:

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