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The family of the languages bantoues gathers approximately 400 Langue S spoken in a score about country about the southern half of the Africa. The full number of speakers of these languages is evaluated to 100 million.

Principal languages bantoues

  • the languages Swahili S (35 million speakers): Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Democratic republic of Congo, Rwanda, Burundi, the Comoros, Mozambique, Somalia, South Africa (the Shimaore spoken with Mayotte in is an alternative).
  • Kinyarwanda-kirundi : (15 million): Rwanda, Burundi
  • Lingala (10 million speakers): Angola, Central African Republic, Republic of Congo, Democratic republic of Congo.
  • Chichewa (9 million): Zulu Malawi
  • (9 million): South Africa
  • Shona (7 million): Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe
  • Kikongo (6 million): Angola, Republic of Congo, Democratic republic of Congo
  • Tchiluba (6 million): Democratic republic of Congo, Angola
  • Kikuyu (4,6 million): Kenya
  • Luganda (4 million): Uganda
  • Runyankole (1,5 million): Uganda
  • Xhosa (4 million): South Africa
  • sotho: Sotho of North and Sotho of the South (3,5 million): South Africa
  • Kimbundu (3 million): Angola
  • Tswana (3 million): South Africa, Botswana
  • Makua (2 million): Mozambique
  • ndébélé: Sindebele and Nrebele (1 million): Zimbabwe, South Africa
  • Thonga (1 million): Mozambique

History and evolution

Statute

Languages and ethnos groups

List and classification

In seeing the list of the languages by family.

Linguistic elements

Phonetics

Some of the languages bantoues in ic situation Adstrat with Langues khoïsan copied these last the use of click S like phonological consonants . It is the case, for example, of the Zoulou and the Xhosa.

Writings

The languages bantoues are especially oral languages, and are it since good before the contact with Europeans and the colonization of southernmost and equinoctial Africa. Only a minority of these languages have a standardized orthography and a vocabulary. Very few efforts were set up for the development lexicons or dictionaries. Only the common languages, inter-ethnic, national or official have a standard orthography. A certain number of those respects the African international Alphabet (1928) or the African Alphabet of reference (1978 and 1982).

The Kikongo is the first language bantoue with being described academically in 1645.

Grammar

Vocabulary

The whole of the languages bantoues division a common vocabulary, coming from a common language. They share also certain a number of class of words, or kind.

Bonds

Internal bonds

External bonds

  • the languages bantoues
  • Bantu line-up: comparative overview off three Bantu classifications, Jouni Maho. 2002.

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