Loeiz Herrieu

Loeiz Herrieu , or Louis Henrio as spelled with the civil statue, (1879, Lanester, at the time in Caudan (Morbihan) - May 22nd 1953, Auray), was a writer in Breton vannetais. It was called er Barh Labourér ( the country Bard ).

Wire of farmer, the Breton one (vannetais) was his native tongue. It held itself a farm successively with Lanester and Hennebont before finishing its life àt Auray.

Biography

It is with Lorient that as of 1898 it attends the team of the Breton Clocher , the literary bilingual review of Madeleine Desroseaux and André Degoul, where it will write itself starting from 1902. Then begin an engagement of a whole life in favor of its native tongue and its culture. Let us note that it did not have any diploma: it is in Autodidacte that it started to study (its library will count 4000 works in 1944), to write, to collect popular songs.

In 1902, it enters in Gorsed of the druids. Later, he will travel to the Wales and in Scotland for gatherings interceltic.

In January 1905, at the sides of Andre Mellac, it creates the monthly review Dihunamb , entirely into Breton.

In 1910, it marries Loeiza er Meliner, which became also its collaborator, providing him many songs of its collecting. It belonged to the Breton regionalistic Union (URB). It left it in 1912, just as Maurice Duhamel, Emile Masson, the Draper of Erm, François Vallée, to create the regionalistic Fédération of Brittany which does not survive the war.

He is warrant officer in the territorial infantry during the five years of the war of 1914-1918 and tells his experiment in Kammdro year Ankeu . During all this war, he writes more than one thousand of letters to his wife. Its writings constitute a source without equivalent known among all the témoigages soldiers of language Breton, German, English or French having taken part in the First World War. On its return in February 1919, it finds its farm ransacked: the French Navy had placed installations for its seaplanes there.

Between the two world wars, it continues its action: work of collecting, organization of contest of Breton in the schools, and of course taken again Dihunamb review. It creates the Dihunamb Editions. It organizes in 1928, with Jean-François-Marie Jacob and André Mellac, the gorsedd of Locmariaquer .

During the Second world war, it continues its activities. The civic room sitting at Rennes condemns it about 1947 to " twenty years of unworthiness nationale" for " membership of an organization interdite" , namely GNP, dissolved on October 20th, 1939 at the same time as the PCF by a decree of the government Daladier. It is absent with the audience. No element exists to affirm or cancel that it was quoted to appear. It continued forever, nor a fortiori condemned, for " collaboration".

Posterity

He is the father of the abbot Meriadeg Herrieu, author of a method and of a dictionary of vannetais. Another of its sons, Armel Herrieu, took part in the creation of the Festival Interceltique of Lorient.

These two wire, in the notes that they devote to him (one in its method of vannetais, the other by prefacing the republication of the Popular songs ), hardly mention the period of the Second world war. The name of Loeiz Herrieu was given to the school Diwan of Lorient.

Polemics

This author is introduced like pro-Nazi because of the 31 articles signed in the Breton Hour, newspaper of the Breton national Parti pro-Nazi, and of his opinions on the application in Brittany, by the duke Jean Ier the Russet-red one of the discriminatory measurements against the Jews issued by the Catholic church with the Concile of Lateran (1215). Whereas the extermination of the Jews on the Front of the East was known, just as the Déportation in mass of the Jews in France, he writes in “Dihunamb”, n° 384, August 1943: In XIIIe century, the Jews had pullulated so much and so that they had been spread in all the countries of Europe. In Brittany, like elsewhere, they lent money to people, to thousand percent. The Duke Jean the Russet-red saw at once how much these people-there were dangerous for Brittany. And it promulgated a law aiming at driving out them country. As it stipulated that no one would not be punished to have killed a Jew, soon there did not remain about it any more only one in our country (p. 272). ” Herrieu concludes: “That shows us clearly which care they took to keep to them Race without spot and healthy. With more wisdom and more circumspection we must take example on them. - Loeiz Herrieu. (p. 265)

This last topic of the good duke Jean is besides common to all the press collaborationnist of the " Breton Movement ". According to those which dispute the gravity of these remarks, it is necessary, however, to make the share of the things: Loeiz Herrieu, born in 1879, was a self-educated, deeply catholic peasant and assiduous reader of the daily newspaper " the Cross " , which had proclaimed the newspaper more the anti-semite of France during the Affaire Dreyfus; he professed the same ideas on the “race” and the “fatherland” that the majority of his pars anti-supporters of Dreyfus and Maurras his, of the ideas partly taught at the elementary school or in his catholic equivalent, at the time of patriotism and colonialism.

Publications

Dihunamb , re-examined in Breton language created with Lorient by Loeiz Herrieu, published 1905 with 1914 then, after an interruption, of 1921 with 1944.
Ketan Fesken (First sheaf) … er flip, Ur fest; Men Dous. Lorient: impr. from A. Cathrine, 1902. 16 p.
with: Istoér Breih, EP rear Hanes Vretoned . Lorient: Dihunamb, 1910. 377 p. of Brittany; work collective.
Guerzenneu ha sonenneu Bro-Guéned = Popular songs of the country of Valves , collected and published with Breton texts and French translation… Noted airs introduction: vol. 3 by Maurice Duhamel. Paris: Rouart, Lerolle and Co, 1911,1912,1930. 3 vol. - Rééd. (integral?): Lorient: Festival interceltic of Lorient, 1997. 1 book (185 p.) + 1 CD.
Breton usual (dialect of Valves) the , or French-Breton Handbook containing a precis of grammar, alphabetical lists of usual words, conversations. Lorient: Dihunamb, 1912. - 2nd supplemented edition, Lorient: Dihunamb, 1934. 386 p.
Buguléz Kerdored (E Meheuen 1792) . Péh hoari E for the third time rear loden cloth amzér in Dispeah E Lanngedig. Lorient: E. Bayon, 1913. 48 p.
Tud brudet hor bro-nor , get in abad Bourser, abad P. er Go, tad TOKEN ENTRY Guilloux, abad Heneu, I. Loeiza Herrieu ha Loeiz Herrieu. Hennebont: Dihunamb, 1937. II-216 p., music. famous of Brittany.
Breton Literature since the origins until the XVIIIe century . Conference made with the Breton Circle of Lorient, on March 26th, 1938. Lorient, Dihunamb: 1938. 32 p. outlines work published in 1943.
Of hortoz kreiznoz , filajad in nédeleg skeudennet get Xavier Haas, Xavier de Langlais, Perrin hag in oberour. Lorient: Dihunamb, 1942. XL-305 p., fig., music. * Breton Literature since the origins until the XXe century , followed translated extracts of the best authors. Hennebont: Dihunamb, 1943. 232 p.
Dasson ur gallon , gwerzenneu. Skeudennet ged Padrig Guerin = Resonances of a heart, poems Breton. Illustrations of Patrick Guerin. of Pier Tual. Pontivy: Dihunamb, 1957. XVI-255 p. - Another ED., without transl.: Brest: Brud Nevez, 1983. 144 p.
Kammdro year Ankou ; aozet evit year embann get François Louis. Brest: Al Liamm, 1994. 317 p., ill. - French transl.: the Turning of Dead the , by Gabriel Sea, Frederic Personnic, Julien Prigent; : Association " Brittany 14-18" , 2002. 250 p. during the First World War; publ. posthumous.

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