Liévin

Liévin is a common French, located in the department of the Pas-de-Calais and the area Nord-Pas-de-Calais. Flowered city 2 flowers .

Geography

Liévin belongs to the Communauté of agglomeration of Lens - Liévin (Communaupole) which gathers 36 common, is 250.000 inhabitants. Its inhabitants (be) is called Liévinois (be).

The town of Liévin is an old mining city Pas-de-Calais. Neighbor of Lens, this town of a modest size has all the same 12 nursery schools, 13 schools, 3 colleges, of two Lycée S, a University of the sports, a swimming pool, two public libraries, an arts center and social (CCS), of a hospital, a regional stage covered with a CRAF, several gardens and parks, and of two cinemas, two cemeteries, several churches, of a shopping mall, a police station of the National police force, of a gendarmerie, a Magistrates' court, of a principal center of help, of a complete network of Public transport inter-commune (exploited under the name of Tadao ), of regional newspapers (mainly Future of Artois" , " The Voice of North , but also North-Flash ), etc the city is partially connected to the network ADSL (High speed Internet). The city is well served by two highways A21, A26 and also the RD 58 which crosses the city.

History

Liévin, an archeological site

The history of Liévin starts very early. The hillock of Riaumont (the point highest of Liévin) is a rich archeological site. One found traces of the Neolithic time there, Gallo-Roman, as 752 tombs which attest that Liévin was a Nécropole mérovingienne.

Agricultural small village in the large mining city

In 1414, one counts in Liévin hardly 150 inhabitants. It is then a village turned towards agriculture. To the War, the population will not cease growing:

  • 600 inhabitants in 1759

  • 900 inhabitants in 1789
  • 1223 inhabitants in 1820

In 1857, one discovers Houille in Liévin. It is the race with coal, the population of Liévin explodes, the prosperous city. One counts 25.698 inhabitants in 1914.

Liévin enters the two wars

The First World War comes to break this progression brutally. The city is in ruin, the churches and the castles are destroyed. The city loses 400 civilians and 600 soldiers. The Military Cross is decreed at the city in 1920.

For the War, it is necessary all to rebuild. After a few years, Liévin is again an active city, the mining extraction begins again.

The Second world war will again come to stop the progression of the city. In 1940, Liévin is evacuated. The Germans settle there. The Résistance is organized around, in particular, of the Newspaper the Voice of North. This time, they are 220 civilians and 225 soldiers who will fall. Liévin is released the September 2nd 1944 by the eighth British army.

The mine begins again more than ever: for the War, it is necessary to rebuild the French economy, it is necessary to extract from coal. The Silicose, which will kill out of many minors, makes its appearance.

End of coal

In addition to the silicosis, the minors are likely each day to disappear underground in the mine (see mining Catastrophe). For coal, Liévin with five recoveries was endeuillée:

In parallel, the recession of mining industry starts and, with it, that of Liévin. From 1960 to 1980,60 of the 67 wells close. In 1974, following the tragedy of Saint-Heart, the last firm well. Liévin does not produce any more coal, a page is turned.

Liévin without coal

Liévin suffered much from the abandonment of coal because all the city rested on the mine. Fortunately, the city knew to be reconverted and, if it do not have the same economic dynamism as at the time, the retail park and the industrial parks are sources of many employment and the city remains relatively prosperous.


Economy

Liévin is a city which has a large asset thanks to its shopping mall and at several zones of activities, Saint-Heart, ZAL 1/1 (a), Abregain, An 2000, Quadraparc and Alouette (the enlarging of the zone is programmed). The center town accommodates more than 400 trade.

The arrival of the the Louvre-Lens should stimulate the local economy, from where for example construction in 2008 of a business district of 8000 m ² in the ZAC of year 2000 any close relation.

Administration

Mayors of Liévin since the French revolution

  • 1790-1810, Procope-Alexandre-Joseph de Ligne

  • 1810-1819, Pierre Charon
  • 1820-1822, Jacques Delaby
  • 1822-1825, Pierre Charon
  • 1825-1856, Henri-Antoine of Line
  • 1856-1871, Nicolas Antoine Delaby
  • 1871-1878, Alexandre-Procope count Jonglez of Line
  • 1879-1892, Louis Schmidt
  • 1892, Felix Pamart
  • 1893-1905, Edouard Defernez
  • 1905-1912, Arthur Lamendin
  • 1912-1913, Pierre Leroy
  • 1914, François Pouvier
  • 1914-1919: Evacuation
  • 1919-1925, Leon Degreaux
  • 1925-1929, Jules Bédart
  • 1930-1935, Silas Narrow part
  • 1936-1939, Henri-Joseph Thiébaut
  • 1939-1944, Louis Thobois
  • 1944-1945, Henri Bertin
  • 1945-1947, Florimond Lemaire
  • 1947-1952, Eugene Gossart
  • 1952-1981, Henri Darras
  • 1981-…, Jean-Pierre Kucheida

Demography

Twinnings

Liévin is twinned with:

Places and monuments

Liévin shelters a stage regional Athlétisme covered which accommodates every year the Meeting Gaz de France . It is also used as theater (Johnny Hallyday, Tina Turner, AC/DC, etc). Currently, and until 2008, the regional covered stage is in work of enlarging, to reach with final capacity of 11.300 places (in configuration spectacle ) and 5300 places (for the competitions of athletics). The total surface area of future international sports complex will be of 31.200 m ².

Historic buildings

Pit Aime-Tilloy or pit Saint-Heart Head-frame of the well number 3 (cad. B 6308): inscription by decree of May 6th, 1992

Information resulting from: Databases ministry for the culture

Personalities related to the commune

See too

Internal bonds

External bonds

  • the official site of the city
  • Liévin on the site of the national geographical Institute
  • Liévin on the site of INSEE
  • Communaupole de Lens-Liévin
  • independent gate dedicated to the liévinois

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