The Île Livingston (62°36' S, 60°30' O) is the larger second island in the Shetland Islands of the South, the Antarctic. Its length is of 73  km in the direction Is - western, and its Superficie of 974  km ².

It is located in the Antarctic Ocean between the Passage of Drake and the Détroit of Bransfield, with the distance from 110  km with the Northern - western of the Peninsula the Antarctic and 830  km with the Southern - Southern - Is Cape Horn.

Its principal top, the Mountain of Tangra, located at the Southern - Is island, culminates with 1700  Mr. the major part of his surface is covered with a cap with ice, which forms the coastal line in many sectors. The Climat is the Antarctic maritime. The Température S are rather constant: they exceed only seldom 3° C the be and go down only little in lower part from - 11° C during the Hiver. However, the island is famous for its bad weather, which is highly variable, windy, wet and with very little sunning.

Livingston was discovered by the English William Smith, on February 19th 1819, and during the years which followed, the island became a center of exploitation of the marine alive resources. It remains of this time of the huts, the boats and other objects worked by the hunters of Phoque S American and English of the 19th century. Livingston has the greatest concentration of historical places or symbolic systems of the Antarctic, after the South Georgia.

The island is governed by the mode of the Traité on the Antarctic. Scientific bases Juan Carlos  I (Spain) and Saint Clement d' Ohrid (Bulgaria) are in the bay Southern of Livingston since 1988, and the small base of Cape Shirreff (Chile and E. - U.) is it activates since 1991. There are two natural surfaces protected on the island, the Péninsule Byers and the Cape Shirreff. The Not Hannah on the littoral Southern of Livingston and the Island Halfmoon, close to the east coast, is destinations among most popular of the Tourisme the Antarctic and Austral extreme, visited fréquentement by boats in excursion.

Related articles

• Bulgarian Commission on toponyms antarctic
• Base Saint Clement d' Ohrid
• Field Academy
• Mountain of Tangra
• Shetland Islands of the South
• the Antarctic

Chart

• Antarctica: Livingston Island, South the Shetland Islands (from English Strait to Morton Strait, with illustrations and ice-cover distribution), 1:100000 scale topographic map, Antarctic Place-names Commission off Bulgaria, Sofia, 2005

External bonds

• Bulgarian Commission on toponyms antarctic
• Spanish Base the Antarctic Juan Carlos  I
• Protected area of Peninsula Byers
• Protected area of Cape Shirreff