List capitals of the United States

This page draws up the list of the capitals of State-Plain the , last and present

Methodology

In the following lists, the term of capital gets along within the meaning of seat of the government or the Parliament of a State, of a territory, Federation or of an independent component integrated thereafter.

National capitals

The United States

Washington is the capital of the United States since 1800.

Between 1774 and 1800, the American congress met in several places; thus, several cities can be regarded as having been the capital of the United States at least once:

  • Philadelphia (1774)

  • Baltimore (1776 - 1777)
  • Lancaster (1777)
  • Philadelphia (1777)
  • York (1777 - 1778)
  • Philadelphia (1778 - 1781,1781 - 1783)
  • Princeton (1783)
  • Annapolis (1783 - 1784)
  • Trenton (1784 - 1785)
  • New York (1785 - 1788,1789 - 1790)
  • Philadelphia (1790 - 1800)
  • Washington (1800 - currently)

Confederated states of America

The States confederated of America had three capitals during their existence:

  • Montgomery (1861)

  • Richmond (1861 - 1865)
  • Danville (1865)

Republic of Texas

Before joining the United States, the République of Texas was an independent nation. Seven cities followed one another like capital for this short period, between 1836 and 1845:

  • Washington-one-tea-Brazos (1836)

  • Harrisburg (1836)
  • Galveston (1836)
  • Velasco (1836)
  • Columbia (1836)
  • Houston (1837 - 1839)
  • Austin (1839 - 1845)

Kingdom and Republic of Hawai' I

Before joining the United States in 1898 in the form of territory, Hawaii was an independent nation (Royaume of Hawaii until 1894, République of Hawaii until 1898). Two cities were used to him as capital:

  • Lahaina : until 1845 (kingdom)

  • Honolulu (1845 - 1894 (kingdom); 1894 - 1898 (republic)

Republic of Vermont

The République of Vermont was independent of 1777 to 1791. For this period, Windsor was used as abstract capital.

States

Alabama

  • the Territoire of Alabama was organized starting from a portion of the Territoire of the Mississippi on March 3rd, 1817. Saint Stephens was the only capital of the territory during the two years of its existence.
  • the Alabama became a State on December 14th, 1819. He knew four successive capitals:
    • Huntsville (1819)
    • Cahawba (1820 - 1826)
    • Tuscaloosa (1826 - 1846)
    • Montgomery (1846 - currently)

Alaska

The Alaska knew several successive statutes:
  • Russian Alaska: Sitka (1808 - 1867, under the name of Novo- Arkhangelsk )
  • Department of Alaska: Sitka (1867 - 1900)
  • District of Alaska:
    • Sitka (1900 - 1906)
    • Juneau (1906 - 1912)
  • Territory of Alaska: Juneau (1912 - 1959)
  • State of Alaska: Juneau (1959 - currently)

Arizona

  • the Territoire of Arizona knew four successive capitals:
    • Prescott (1864 - 1867)
    • Tucson (1867 - 1877)
    • Prescott (1877 - 1889)
    • Phoenix (1889 - 1912)
  • the State of the Arizona has Phoenix for capital since its creation in 1912.

Arkansas

  • the Territoire of Arkansas knew two successive capitals:
    • Arkansas Post (1819 - 1821)
    • Little Rock (1821 - 1836)
  • the State of the Arkansas has Little Rock for capital since its creation in 1836.

California

  • For the Hispanic and Mexican period of the California (1777 - 1850), Monterey was the capital of Alta and Baja California
  • High-California was annexed during the américano-Mexican Guerre (1846-1848). California, Western part of High-California, became a State in 1850 and knew four successive capitals:

North Carolina

  • the British colony of Caroline had Charleston for capital, until its separation between North Carolina and South Carolina in 1712.
  • the British colony of North Carolina took New Bern for capital between 1712 and 1776, Charleston being located in South Carolina.
  • the State of North Carolina knew two capitals since its independence:
    • New Bern (1776 - 1794)
    • Raleigh (1794 - currently)

South Carolina

  • the British colony of Caroline had Charleston for capital, until its separation between North Carolina and South Carolina in 1712.
  • Charleston remained the capital of the colony of South Carolina until its independence, of 1712 to 1776.
  • the State of South Carolina knew two capitals since its independence:
    • Charleston (1776 - 1790)
    • Columbia (1790 - currently)

Colorado

The Colorado knew several successive statutes:
  • Territory of Jefferson: Auraria (1859 - 1861, not recognized at the federal level)
  • Territory of Colorado:
    • Colorado City (1861 - 1862, not recognized at the federal level)
    • Golden (1862 - 1867)
    • Denver (1867 - 1876)
  • the State of the Colorado has Denver for capital since its creation in 1876.

Connecticut

  • Hartford is the capital of the Connecticut since the creation of the British colony and since its independence and its statute of State in 1776. New Haven was however Co-capital between 1701 and 1873.

North Dakota

South Dakota

Delaware

  • the Colonie of Delaware had New Castle for capital.
  • the State of the Delaware had two capitals after its independence:
    • New Castle (1776 - 1777)
  • Dover (1777 - currently)

Florida

  • Before 1821, the Florida was divided into two British colonies , the Western Florida (capital St Augustine) and the Eastern Florida (capital Pensacola).
  • the Territoire of Florida was incorporated in the United States in 1821. He knew three capitals:
    • St Augustine and Pensacola, Co-capitals (1821 - 1824)
    • Tallahassee (1824 - 1845)
  • the State of Florida has Tallahassee for capital since its creation in 1845.

Georgia

  • the Colonie of Georgia had Savannah for capital until its independence in 1776.
  • Since 1776, the State of Georgia knew 13 successive, unquestionable capitals temporary:
    • Savannah (1777 - 1778)
    • Augustana (1778 - 1779, from now on Augusta)
    • Heard' S Strong (1780 - 1781)
    • Augustana (1781 - 1782)
    • Savannah (1782)
    • Ebenezer (1782 - 1784)
    • Savannah (1784 - 1786)
    • Augustana (1786 - 1796)
    • Louisville (1796 - 1807)
    • Milledgeville (1807 - 1864)
    • Mason (1864 - 1865)
    • Milledgeville (1865 - 1868)
    • Atlanta (1868 - currently)

Hawaii

  • After its annexation in 1898, the Territoire of Hawaii have Honolulu as capital (1898 - 1959)
  • the State of Hawaii has Honolulu for capital since its creation in 1959.

Idaho

  • the Territoire of Idaho knew two successive capitals:
    • Lewiston (1863 - 1864)
    • Boise (1864 - 1890)
  • the State of the Idaho has Boise for capital since its creation in 1890.

Illinois

  • the Territoire of Illinois had Kaskaskia for capital (1809 - 1818)
  • the State of the Illinois knew 3 successive capitals:
    • Kaskaskia (1818 - 1819)
    • Vandalia (1819 - 1839)
    • Springfield (1839 - currently)

Indiana

  • the Territoire of Indiana knew 2 successive capitals:
    • Vincennes (1800 - 1813)
    • Corydon (1813 - 1816)
  • the State of the Indiana knew 2 successive capitals:
    • Corydon (1816 - 1825)
    • Indianapolis (1825 - currently)

Iowa

  • Territory of Iowa:
    • Burlington (1838 - 1841)
    • Iowa City (1841 - 1846)
  • State of the Iowa:
    • Iowa City (1846 - 1857)
    • Of the Monks (1857 - currently)

Kansas

  • Territory of Kansas:
    • Pawnee (2 or July 6th, 1855, from now on Strong Riley)
    • Shawnee Mission (1855 - 1856, from now on Fairway)
    • Lecompton (1856 - 1861, capital official, in favor of slavery)
    • Topeka (1859 - 1861, nonofficial capital opposed to slavery)
  • the State of the Kansas has Topeka for capital since its creation in 1861.

Kentucky

  • the Kentucky formed part, before 1792, of the State of Virginia under the name of District of Kentucky. Its capital was Danville
  • Frankfort was declared capital of Kentucky has its creation in 1792, statute which it always currently occupies. Bowling Green nevertheless was declared capital of the State at the time of the American Civil War between 1861 and 1865.

Louisiana

  • the State of Louisiana knew 7 successive capitals:
    • La Nouvelle-Orléans (1812 - 1830)
    • Donaldsonville (1830 - 1831)
    • La Nouvelle-Orléans (1831 - 1862)
    • Opelousas, Louisiana (1862 - 1863, during the American Civil War)
    • Shreveport, Louisiana (1863 - 1865, during the American Civil War)
    • La Nouvelle-Orléans (1865 - 1880)
    • Baton-Rouge (1880 - currently)

Maine

  • the State of the Maine knew 4 successive capitals:
    • Portland cement (1820 - 1827)
    • Augusta (1827 - 1832)
    • Portland cement (1832, capital de facto )
    • Augusta (1832 - currently)

Maryland

Massachusetts

The State of the Massachusetts always had Boston for capital, including since the creation of the Colonie of bay of Massachusetts in 1630.

Michigan

  • the Territoire of Michigan had Detroit for capital (1805 - 1837)
  • the State of the Michigan knew 2 successive capitals:
    • Strait (1837 - 1847)
    • Lansing (1847 - currently)

Minnesota

Saint Paul was the capital of the Territoire of Minnesota (1849 - 1858), then of the State of the Minnesota (1858 - currently).

The Mississippi

  • Territory of the Mississippi:
    • Natchez (1798 - 1802)
    • Washington (1802 - 1817)
  • State of the the Mississippi:
    • Natchez (1817 - 1821)
    • Jackson (1821 - currently)

Missouri

  • Territory of Missouri:
    • Saint Louis (until 1821)
  • State of the Missouri:

Montana

  • Territory of Montana:
    • Bannack (1864 - 1865)
    • Virginia City (1865 - 1875)
    • Helena (1875 - 1889)
  • State of the Montana:
    • Helena (1889 - currently)

Nebraska

  • Territory of Nebraska:
    • Omaha (until 1867)
  • State of the Nebraska:
    • Lincoln (1867 - currently)

Nevada

The Territory of Nevada and the State of the Nevada had Carson City for capital.

New Hampshire

  • Province of New Hampshire (pre-independence):
  • State of the New Hampshire:
    • Portsmouth (1776 - 1808)
    • Concord (1808 - currently)

New Jersey

  • Province of the New Jersey (pre-independence):
    • Elizabethtown (1686 - 1776)
  • State of the New Jersey:
    • Elizabethtown (1776 - 1790)
    • Trenton (1790 - currently)

In addition, Princeton was the federal capital of the United States in 1783 and Trenton in 1784.

New York

  • Province of New York (pre-independence):
  • State of New York:
    • Kingston : (1777)
    • Hurley: (1777)
    • Poughkeepsie: (1777 - 1789)
    • New York (1789 - 1797)
    • Albany (1797 - currently)

In addition, New York was the federal capital of the United States between 1785 and 1790.

New Mexico

The New Mexico has Santa Fe like capital since its creation in 1912.

During the American Civil War, Mesilla was the capital of the Territoire confederated of Arizona.

Ohio

  • Territory of the North-West:
    • Marietta (1788 - 1800)
    • Chillicothe (1800 - 1803)
  • State of the Ohio:
    • Chillicothe (1803 - 1810)
    • Zanesville (1810 - 1812)
    • Chillicothe (1812 - 1816)
    • Columbus (1816 - currently)

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Colonial capital, first state capital (-1799), U.S. capital national (1776 (1777 (1778 - 1783 (1790 - 1800)

Rhode Island

Providence is the capital of the State of Rhode Island since its creation in 1776.

Tennessee

  • Territory of South-west:
    • Rocky Mount (1790 - 1791)
    • Knoxville (1791 - 1796)
  • State of the Tennessee:
    • Knoxville (1796 - 1812)
    • Kingston (1807, capital for one day to satisfy a treaty with the Cherokee)
    • Nashville (1812 - 1817)
    • Murfreesboro (1818 - 1826)
    • Nashville (1826 - currently)

Texas

Austin is the capital of the Texas since its annexation by the United States in 1845.

Utah

Vermont

  • State of the Vermont:
    • Windsor (1791 - 1805, capital de facto )
    • Montpellier (1805 - currently)

Virginia

  • Colony of Virginia:
  • State of Virginia:
    • Richmond (1776 - currently)

Virginia-Western

  • State of Virginia-Western:
    • Wheeling (1863 - 1870)
    • Charleston (1870 - 1875)
    • Wheeling (1875 - 1885)
    • Charleston (1885 - currently)

Washington

Olympia was the capital of the territory and the State of Washington since their creation.

Wisconsin

  • Territory of Wisconsin:
    • Belmont (1836 - 1837)
    • Burlington (1837 - 1838, from now on in the Iowa)
    • Madison (1838 - 1848)
  • State of the Wisconsin:
    • Madison (1848 - currently)

Wyoming

Cheyenne was the capital of the territory (1869 - 1890) and of the State of Wyoming (1890 - currently) since their creation.

Territories

See too

Internal bond

References

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