Lissamphibia

The subclass of the Lissamphibiens corresponds to the class of the Amphibians (in the past batrachians ). It is a class of Vertébré S, tétrapodes even if the members are lost secondarily at the gymnophiones, intermediary between the Poisson S and the Reptile S in the conquest of the terrestrial life. They appeared on ground with the Dévonien period of the primary era, there are approximately 370 My.

characteristic

They have teeth articulated on small stalk. The crown Bi or multicuspide is connected by a ligament to a pedicel itself fixed on the bone of the jaw.

The majority of the lissamphibiens have a phase of aquatic life (Larve S) and a terrestrial phase of life. They attend only fresh water.

Lissamphibiens are Poïkilotherme S (their temperature is variable), have Poumon S, and their skin allows a Cutaneous respiration. The larva has Branchie S. Lissamphibiens in an adult state breathe by lungs but also mainly by the skin, there is even, for example, the hydromante which does not have lungs.

the bone jugal lack enters the upper maxilla and the quadrojugal.
a particular musculature allows visual accommodation by antéro-posterior displacement of the crystalline lens.
As the rib cage is not closed (cötes reduced or non-existent), pulmonary ventilation is ensured by a particular swallowing of the air.
the labyrinth includes/understands a particular sensory zone.

Classification of the Amphibians

Order: Anura (tailless)

Family: Allophrynidae
Family: Arthroleptidae
Family: Ascaphidae
Family: Astylosternidae
Family: Bombinatoridae
Family: Brachycephalidae
Family: Bufonidae
Family: Centrolenidae
Family: Dendrobatidae
Family: Discoglossidae
Family: Heleophrynidae
Family: Hemisotidae
Family: Hylidae

Subfamily: Hemiphractinae
Subfamily: Hylinae
Subfamily: Pelodryadinae
Subfamily: Phyllomedusinae

Family: Hyperoliidae

Subfamily: Hyperoliinae
Subfamily: Leptopelinae

Family: Leiopelmatidae
Family: Leptodactylidae

Subfamily: Ceratophryinae
Subfamily: Cycloramphinae
Subfamily: Eleutherodactylinae
Subfamily: Leptodactylinae
Subfamily: Telmatobiinae

Family: Limnodynastidae
Family: Mantellidae

Subfamily: Boophinae
Subfamily: Laliostominae
Subfamily: Mantellinae

Family: Megophryidae
Family: Microhylidae

Subfamily: Asterophryinae
Subfamily: Brevicipitinae
Subfamily: Cophylinae
Subfamily: Dyscophinae
Subfamily: Genyophryninae
Subfamily: Melanobatrachinae
Subfamily: Microhylinae
Subfamily: Phrynomerinae
Subfamily: Scaphiophryninae

Family: Myobatrachidae
Family: Nasikabatrachidae
Family: Pelobatidae
Family: Pelodytidae
Family: Petropedetidae
Family: Pipidae

Subfamily: Dactylethrinae
Subfamily: Pipinae

Family: Ranidae
Family: Rhacophoridae

Subfamily: Buergeriinae
Subfamily: Rhacophorinae

Family: Rheobatrachidae
Family: Rhinodermatidae
Family: Rhinophrynidae
Family: Scaphiopodidae
Family: Sooglossidae

Order: Urodela (urodela)

Family: Ambystomatidae
Family: Amphiumidae
Family: Cryptobranchidae
Family: Dicamptodontidae
Family: Hynobiidae
Family: Plethodontidae

Subfamily: Desmognathinae
Subfamily: Plethodontinae

Family: Proteidae
Family: Rhyacotritonidae
Family: Salamandridae
Family: Sirenidae

Order: Gymnophiona (gymnophiones)

Family: Caeciliidae

Subfamily: Caeciliinae
Subfamily: Typhlonectinae

Family: Ichthyophiidae
Family: Rhinatrematidae
Family: Scolecomorphidae
Family: Uraeotyphlidae

Phylogenetic classification

In the phylogenetic Classification of alive the, the authors reserve the old denomination of batrachians to the brother group of Gymnophiones including/understanding the sometimes called urodela Caudata and the Anoura or Salienta.

─o Sarcopterygii ├─o Coelacanthimorpha or Actinistia └─o ├─o Dipnoi (+) └─o Tetrapoda ├─o Lissamphibia and Lepospondyli (+) └─o ├─o Temnospondyli (extinct) (+) └─o Reptiliomorpha └─o Cotylosauria │ └─o AMNIOTA (+)

See too

the part of the Natural history which treats Amphibien S names the Herpétologie. You can consult here a list of herpetologists.
Eucaryote S, Animal kingdom, Chordé S, Vertebrate S, Tétrapode S

External bonds

On tree off Life