Linoleic acid

The linoleic acid (C18H32O2) is a Fatty-acid polyinsaturé Omega-6. It consists of a Molécule of 18 atoms of Carbone and 2 double connections, whose compound is liquid and colorless. It belongs the linoleic word comes from the Greek lawn (the flax, the Lin cultivated). Oléique means relation with the Huile: indeed, the Linseed oil contains great quantities of them, more than 80%.

One distinguishes several enantiomer S from the octadécadiénoïque acid, but only the acid 9-cis, 12-cis octadécadiénoïque corresponds to the linoleic acid. Its biochemical designation is 18:2 (n-6), the enumeration of the double connections being made in opposite direction chemical nomenclature. Its Melting point is of -12 °C.

Its semi-developed formula is:

CH_3- (CH_2) _4-CH=CH-CH_2-CH=CH- (CH_2) _7-COOH

The linoleic acid is a polyinsaturé fatty-acid which intervenes in the manufacture of the cellular membrane. To be able to be used by the body, the linoleic acid must be converted into acid gamma-linoleic (GLA), by an enzymatic reaction (delta-6-désaturase or D6D).

The linoleic acid cannot be synthesized by the organization and must thus be brought by the food. One says for that it is a essential Fatty-acid.

Trans-linoleic enantiomers are obtained starting from the linoleic acid by heating. Therefore certain doctors and nutritionnists, give importance to oils of first cold pressure. Indeed the hot extraction of oils tends to transform the cis-linoleic acid into trans-linoleic acid and to thus make oil unusable by the organization for the synthesis of gamma-linoleic acid.

The symptoms of deficiency in cis-linoleic acid are:

  • Dryness of the skin with exfoliation.
  • intense Thirst.
  • immunizing Deficit.
  • Allergy.

See too

External bonds

  • Transformation of the linoleic acid (English)

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