Lillebonne

Lillebonne is a common French, located in the department of the Seine-Maritime and the area High-Normandy.

Geography

Lillebonne is located at 35 km upstream Havre on Right Bank of the the Seine, but in withdrawal of a few kilometers of the river. Surface: 1.466 ha. Of which:
  • 20  % of urbanized Surface (298 ha)
  • 15  % of wooded Surface (211 ha)
  • 48  % of Surface agricultural (709 ha)
  • 15  % of infrastructures (219 ha).

History

Antiquity

Lillebonne has a long story going back to the Gallic people of the Calètes, origin of the name of the area the country of Caux , and of which it was a time the capital. At the period Gallo-Roman it had a time of great prosperity related to the presence of a port on the the Seine. Lillebonne is mentioned in the Géographie of Ptolémée (Book II, 8,11) then at the 3rd century under the name of Juliobona . The enclosure delimited an urban surface of approximately 50 hectares. The Roman name of Juliobona comes from two terms: Julio , which designates the general Jules César, conquering of Gaulle, and Bona , Gallic term indicating the foundation of a city; Juliobona is thus " the city rested by Jules César" or rather, " the city founded in the honor of Jules César".
It had a Amphithéâtre, a mithraeum and Roman Thermes and was surrounded rich person villas and Domus. During centuries according to, the stones of the Roman buildings were employed again for the wall construction of protection against the cruel invasions, then for the construction of the Abbaye of Jumièges near. With the the Lower Empire, the city had a Roman garrison.

Excavations carried out throughout the 19th century however made it possible to give to the day of many vestiges. For this year, 2007, new excavations have been in hand which will make it possible to better know the attribution of this theater: to see the site spectacula. In 1823 an important statue of Apollon in Bronze gilded (height 1,90 m) was discovered near the ancient Théâtre. It was dated from the 2nd century and is with the Musée of Louvre. Important a Mosaic Gallo-Roman, preserved well and representing a hunting at the slab (stag S) comes from a suburban Villa and is exposed to the Musée of antiquities of Rouen. The city has its own archaeological museum in which one can admire beautiful collections of potteries, glassmaking, funerary furniture as well as an exposure of Roman currencies among which single and very rare sum of money of Galba found in the area. On the second floor are presented objets d'art and traditions popular with a broad place to the pottery of Mélamare.
On can also visit another museum, a church-museum , in the old church of Mesnil devoted to mineralogy and the fossils found primarily in the country of Caux Val of the Seine .

The Middle Ages

With the Middle Ages, a Concile meets in the village in 1080. Gathering the clergy of the area, he recalls a whole of rules on morals, the Dogme and the Liturgie.

Rebirth

For Lillebonne, the wars of religion finish in July 1593, when the captain of Wood-Rosy rejoins the city with Henri IV after his conversion with Catholicism.

Short chronology

  • Fine of Ier siècle : Construction of the Roman amphitheater.
  • Fine of IIIe siècle : Set fire to and rebuilding of the city.
  • IXe siècle : Incursions of the Viking S.
  • XIe siècle : Construction of the castle of Lillebonne by the Duke William the Conqueror  : it is from there, seems it, that it decided to leave to the conquest England in 1066.
  • 1123 : Lillebonne passes to the House of Harcourt.
  • 1162 : Stay with the castle of Henri II Plantagenêt.
  • Between 1180 and 1223 : Construction of the keep of Philippe Auguste.
  • 1256 : Stay of Louis IX with the castle.
  • 1415 : The castle is taken by the English.
  • 1449 : Charles VII takes again Lillebonne with the English.
  • 1517 : Construction of the Notre-Dame church. Demographic expansion, the city extends apart from the ramparts.
  • 1700 : The county of Lillebonne becomes duchy.
  • 1778 : Visit Louis XVI and of Marie Antoinette.
  • 1790 : Mr. Catel, priest of Lillebonne, become the first mayor.
  • 1792 : Escape of the duke of Harcourt. The field is sold like national good and the grounds are used with the establishment as factories.
  • 1823 : Opening of the service of the Diligence S of the Harbor to Rouen.
  • 1871 : Occupation by the Prussian S.
  • Second world war: Occupation of the city by the German troops.
  • 1944 : Bombardment of the city by British aviation.
  • 1955 : Construction of first group HLM.
  • 1982 : New pedestrian installation and traffic organization.
  • 2005 : Traffic organization installation and Road of the Inheritance

Administration

Demography

Distribution of the Population by age bracket and sex (source INSEE):

  • From 0 to 19 ans : 2  765
  • From 20 to 39 ans : 2  912
  • From 40 to 59 ans : 2  162
  • From 60 to 74 ans : 1  227
  • 75 years or plus : 672

Active population  : 4  252 (female: 1.836, masculine : 2  416)

Places and monuments

  • ancient Theater
  • the castle " William the Conqueror "
    • This castle ducal was founded by William the Conqueror. The keep was repaired with 14th and 15th centuries. The octagonal tower completion date of 13th or the beginning of the 14th century. The tower of Chartier was transformed at the 19th century, the home was demolished, a house of Master was built in the enclosure of the castle by Theodore Huchon, about 1870.
  • the Church " Our-Dame"
    • the Notre-Dame church was built to replace the church Holy-Marie-of-Castle destroyed at the end of the One hundred Year old war. It was devoted in 1517. The bell-tower is finished in 1537 per Michel Delafosse, mason, with limestone of Plaimbosc and Antoine Cachedieu, carpenter. In 1540, the mason Michel Delafosse carries out the mullions of bays and finishes the vault of the tower with the mason Michel Combart. The gate is remade in 1553 per Henry Deshayes, mason. In 1562, the canopies broken by the Protestants are remade by Joseph Gueroult. In 1594, Richard and Jehan Lemarchand repair and remake canopies. The side chapels of the nave are built at the end of the 16th century. In 1622, a canopy (preserved) is made by Jean Lemarchand painter and glass maker. In 1729 is built the sacristy with materials of jubé and the cradle of the nave is remade. In 1825 the southern part of the nave is remade with materials of demolition of the Saint-Denis church by Louis Vessel, mason. In 1873, the Simon architect rebuilds the chorus. In 1884, the bell-tower is restored.
  • Castle of Ételan
    • Near to Lillebonne, this historic building, registered with the inventory, the Castle of Ételan to Saint-Maurice-in Ételan at summer built starting from 1494 per Picardy Louis on the site of a strong Castle, shaved on the orders of Louis XI. There remains medieval construction only one cellar, a wall enclosing and the house of the guards gone back to 1350. Of Gothic style blazing, the building is contemporary Law courts and Hôtel of Bourgtheroulde of Rouen, as well as old castle of Clères. It is composed of two main buildings to equipment of stones and alternate bricks connected to each other by a gallery of stone staircase dating from the first Rebirth.

Culture

Personalities related to the commune

Twinnings

See too

  • Common of the Seine-Maritime
  • See the photograph of the Apollo of Lillebonne on the page Apollo.

External bonds

  • municipal Site
  • Site of the Arts center " Juliobona"
  • Lillebonne on Communes 76
  • Lillebonne on the site of the national geographical Institute
  • Lillebonne on the site of INSEE
  • Lillebonne on the site of Quid
  • Localization of Lillebonne on a chart of France and communes bordering
  • Plane on Lillebonne on Mapquest
  • Seen air

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