Ligament

A ligament is a short band of conjunctive Tissu fibrous made up mainly long Molécule S of Collagène. It is an extremely solid structure. The ligaments connect the Os to other bones in articulation S. (They do not connect not the Muscle S to the bones; this is the function of the tendon S). Certain ligaments limit the mobility of the articulations, or prevent certain movements. Thus, they protect the integrity from the articulation of the distorsions and luxations at the time of forced movements (hyperflection or hypertension).

The ligaments are also used to join bodies between them. The arterial ligament fixes the downward Aorte and the left pulmonary Artère together; it is the relicat arterial channel which is closed with the birth.

In the same way, the ligament desmodontal retains the teeth in the bones jawbones and allows micromouvements. The nervous fibers that it contains are important for the Proprioception of the chewing.

Another example, on the level of the knee, there exist 4 principal ligaments, 2 side ligaments (intern and external) located each side of the knee, and 2 cross central ligaments called because they Sr cross right in the middle of the knee. there exists a former cross ligament and a posterior cross ligament. In the same way, it is a system ligamentaire which maintains consolidated the three bones of the articulation of the elbow (humérus, ulna and radius). The unit forms a very resistant articular capsule.

In pathology, the lesions of the ligaments are:

  • distorsions (elongations) ligamentaires

  • Tear S (ruptures) ligamentaires

One also notes affections touching with the nature and the texture of the ligaments:

  • Hyperlaxité ligamentaire

Simple: Ligament

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