Liberation organization of Palestine

The Liberation organization of Palestine or PLO (in Arabic: Munazzamat Al-Tahrir Al-Filastiniyah منظمةالتحريرالفلسطينية) is a Palestinian organization political and paramilitary, created in May 1964. The PLO is made up of several Palestinian organizations, of which the Fatah, the Liberation popular front of Palestine (PFLP) and the democratic Front for the release of Palestine (FDLP).

Since its creation, the PLO, which comprises political institutions, was regarded as a resistance movement armed representing the Palestinians. Israel considered it, officially until the Accords of Oslo, like an terrorist organization before regarding it as a diplomatic interlocutor. Some of the acts allotted to the PLO or asserted by it were terrorist (aiming at Israeli civilians or other nationalities); other actions, which aimed at the military forces, could be judged like acts of resistance vis-a-vis the occupation.

The PLO from now on is recognized like the Palestinian partner of the negotiations to regulate the israélo-Palestinian Conflit.

History

Birth

Imagined at the beginning (with at its head Ahmed Choukairy) like an Arab nationalist movement by the members of the the Arab League with an aim of " to release " the totality of the Palestine of the British mandate, the rout of the Arab armies during the Guerre the six day old of 1967 changed the movement into Palestinian organization of guerilla on arrival of Yasser Arafat which directed it 1969 to its death, on November 11th, 2004.

Black September

In September 1970, the PLO underwent a major reverse at the time of the attack of the Jordanian armies against its groups armed, which dislodged the Palestinian groups of the Jordan, following attempts with the PLO to reverse the capacity in place.

The PLO in Lebanon

Following the attacks of the PLO based in Lebanon against the Israeli territory, the Opération Peace as a Galileo is started in 1982.

The PLO in Tunis

Three years after its installation in Tunisia, the PLO continues to conduct attacks against Israeli targets. A Israeli raid is carried out against the new district-general of the PLO, on October 1st, 1985.

The first Intifada

Evolution of the movement

The end of the year 1980 and opening of discussions with Israel, which privileged this interlocutor among the many Palestinian movements, marked a turning for this organization. The PLO was then recognized by the United Nations and by many States like the representative of the Palestinian people (inhabitants of the occupied Palestinian Territoires, of Israel, the taken refuge and the exiled ) then negotiated the Accords of Oslo with the government of Yitzhak Rabin.

Having proclaimed in 1988 a " State of Palestine " recognized only by one small number of States, the PLO sits at UNO as a permanent observer, under the name of " Palestine" , and maintains the diplomatic relations or quasi diplomatic with many States.

The PLO modified, in April 1996, its charter which aimed at the destruction of the State of Israel. Naturally, it maintains the close links with the Palestinian Autorité which was born from the application of the Accords of Oslo negotiated between the PLO and Israel. However, a few months after the corruption affairs in the Organization and of traffic of weapons ( Affaire of Karine has ) which blamed Yasser Arafat directly and especially, since the release of the the Second Intifada in counterpart with the provocations deliberated on the Israeli PM Sharon on the esplanade of the Mosques to make obstacle with the imminent result of the negotiations as of its arrival of right governments in Israel. The frequent tensions between the PLO of Occupied Palestine and Israel d' Occupation continuously despoiling naturally started again up to the point wanted by the Israeli line: the complete stop of the israélo-Palestinian discussions.

Succession of Yasser Arafat

Since the death of Yasser Arafat, her former Prime Minister Mahmoud Abbas became his successor with the head of the PLO and the Palestinian Autorité and restored the dialog with Israel. He obtained a cease-fire (always not respected) on behalf of the other factions of the PLO and the Palestinian islamist organizations like the Hamas and the Islamic Jihad Palestinian. But the authority of Mahmoud Abbas is put at evil by the frequent shootings of rockets asserted by these same organizations.

The Disengagement plan of the occupied territories, adopted and applied unilaterally by the Israeli government of Ariel Sharon, must give more responsibilities to the PLO in the Gaza Strip after the withdrawal of the colonists and the Israeli army realized in September 2005.

Work of the institutions

Charter of the PLO

Financing of the Organization

The PLO is mainly financed by the money of the oil of the close Arab countries (Libya, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia…)

The PLO in the United Nations

See too

Structure of the PLO

Zh-yue: 巴勒斯坦解放組織

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