Lièpvre

Lièpvre ( Leberau in German) is a common French, located in the department of the Haut-Rhin and the area Alsace.

Geography

The commune niche in the middle of the valley of the Liepvrette (that the documents Carolingiens named Laimaha or Laima and those in more recent Latin Lebera or Lebraha and that the subjects of Ribeaupierre called Landbach ) leaves the principal chain the the Vosges around the Col Bagenelles (altitude: 750 m); it runs initially towards the North-East, parallel to the chain, and reached Holy-Marie-with-Mines. The primitive name of Lebraha is undoubtedly of origin Celtic and seems to come from the word Labar (Latinized form) from where the term Valle Leporus about 1200. One also at that time meets the name of Levremouster which is the name patois of Lièpvre. Downstream, the Liepvrette receives water of Rauenthal, which goes down from the Brézouard (Right Bank, junction with Echéry) and on the left Robinot which runs Top of Héraux. It crosses Holy-Cross-with-Mines where it receives water of the small valleys of the Petit and of the Grand Rombach and arrives at Lièpvre. There it is enlarged by water of Rombach which crosses the Hingrie and Rombach-the-Franc. Its small affluents of right-hand side which come from the slopes of Taennchel are: the Drop Saint-Blaise, Kesselthal, Jacquesthal which marks the departmental limit. To the lower part of Lièpvre, the Liepvrette passes between the Château of Frankenbourg and the Château of Haut-Kœnigsbourg then crosses the famous commune of Scherwiller since the victory of the duke Antoine in May 1525 against the Révolte of the bumpkins and Châtenois. It joined then Giessen ( = Scheer in the old titles ) which comes from the Val of City, and all joined together water flows in the Ill below Sélestat.

The commune of Lièpvre is bordered of tops of the Massif of the Vosges: in the south the Brézouard (1228 m), the Taennchel (992 m) and the Haut-Kœnigsbourg (775 m), in north Altenberg (880 m), the Chalmont (697 meters of altitude - in German called Karlsberg), the Rock of the Cuckoo (856 m) and the castle of Frankenbourg (703 m). The link of north is the Altenberg (880 meters) which separates the Val from Lièpvre of the Val of City. While being inserted in the valley of Rombach located in the middle of the village one finds the collar of the Hingrie to 749 meters. A road completed in 1905 completely disenclosed Rombach-the-Franc which is to 2 km of Lièpvre.Cette road leads to the hamlet of the Hingrie located at 7 km of Lièpvre and further still the collar from Fouchy (608 meters). The borough owes its name with the river which sprinkles it and its origin with the monastery of Lièpvre. Summit of the the Vosges to the plain of Alsace, the Liepvrette traverses a kind of 25 km long, rather broad there corridor so that one could build in various places of the villages and the localities. Lièpvre occupies about the center of this corridor and which was during very a long time the principal most famous agglomeration of the Val of Lièpvre. Lièpvre is 275 meters of altitude.

Variations and localities (there are 102): Agely, Antwerp, Aspygoutte, the Fall of the walnut trees, the Low one maisse, Low Mathis, Embroiders it, Bois the Abbess, Grand Breuil, Small Breuil, Calvin, Chalmont, Champs the monk, Champs German, Champs famous person, Champs Chops, Champs Haton, pre Clos, Collinière, Craintole, pre Creux, Creuse of Gely, Behind the factory, Main street, Behind the church, In front of Chalmont, Wood, Rain Brûlé, Ménabois, Musloch, In front of Vesprés, Doynières, Entregoutte, Estary, Faubourg of Sainte-Marie, Faubourg of Sélestat, Fourrière of the festival, Fourrière of the church, Fourrière of the place, Frarupt, Gely, Genaugoutte, the Great Fall, Large Fields, Large Gardens, Large meadows, Large Fields, Large fourrières, Gravel, the Market, High fields, High Echevé, Herrschaft, In Large the Zones, Kast, Estary, with Monday, Eveaux, High Ménèchamp, Hoimbach, Kesbel, Musloch, Ménabois, Mollembach, Montplaisir, the Past, Pairis, Pasture of Bottom, Picaupré, the Norway pine, the Small Fall, the Meadows Mounts, the Pre Saint Alexandre, Meadows of the Mule,Meadows of the pond, Meadows of Mollenbach, Pre of the Lady, Pre Trinquart, Raincorn, Rain of Bolles, Rain Burned, Rain of the Mule, Rain of Brulattes, Under Craintole, Raincorne, the channel, the pre Field, Spiacôte, Spiemont, On the plain, the way, the Ravine, the Vines, Vaurière, Vesprés, the Old Paper mill, the village, Votembach

Communal Banns

The hamlet of Musloch between famous Lièpvre and Holy-Cross-with-Mines in 1445 to have been the refuge of the peasants of the Val of Lièpvre who surprised the Armagnacs spirit to go to Lorraine, in their inflicting a cuisante demolished close to the Rock of the violin is called in 1517 Museloch, in 1782 Mauslauch. The name comes from the mine which was worked as from the 15th century. At the 18th century one finds Misloch or Meusloch who was a formed hamlet of approximately thirteen families. One discovered in 1545 there, a mine which was named the mine Holy-Anne. In 1750 it was abandoned because its exploitation was too expensive.

Chalmont 697 meters of altitude. Called Nannenstol in the diploma of Charlemagne in 774, then Chainement in 1517, Challemont in 1596, sometimes Charlemont and Karlsberg during the German occupation. In patois the Chalmont is called Chânemont.

Raincorne : It is about the height dominating the outlet of Hoimbach in its western part.

Kast : Hill located at the foot of the Chalmont at the southern exit of Rombach-the-Franc. The name undoubtedly comes from " Kastanie" (= sweet chestnut) since one had planted there chestnuts whose wood lent itself well to the manufacture of stakes for the vines;

Spiemont : in German named Stemberg. The Grandidier abbot says that it could be a question of Stophanberg recalled in the diploma of Charlemagne in 774 for the monastery of Lièpvre. But it is recognized for a long time that Stophanberg is not other than the Haut-Koenigsbourg.

Champ Chops : Locality located near Kast. Potatoes there were cultivated, which could clarify the direction of " hach" (to read harh). In novel-Lorraine dialect this name means " potato out of dress of champs".

Blazon

" Of Azure to the reamed patriarchal cross of or".

History of the priory of Lièpvre

See also: Priory of Lièpvre

History of the village

Lièpvre owes its birth with the Fulrad abbot

Fulrad, the founder of the priory of Lièpvre, to avair received of Charlemagne into 774, a vast territory including/understanding the valley of Lievrette. On the request of Fulrad, Charlemagne granted the same year to the priory of Lièpvre a portion of the royal tax department of Quuninhisheim (Kintzheim) to be ensured says it " divine protection and the bliss éternelle". The act of this important charter is with the Public records. It starts with this sentence full with majesty: " Charles, by the grace of God, king of the Francs and Lombards, famous man. All that we will yield and confirm with the abbeys of the worthy saints, for the love that we let us owe with God, tends, we of it are assured, with our eternal bliss with divine protection. As knows your size or your size or your utility, as the Fulrad abbot entrusted to your royal leniency, that for the love and the reverence of the happy saints Denys, Rustique, and Eleuthène, he to avair built or restored with his expenses a vault in the property which he had with the country of Alsace, in a place called Fulradovillare (Lièpvre) in the territory of Andoldovillare (Saint-Hippolyte) and that it wanted thereafter, with the assistance of God and of the man to build at the place where rests in its body the happy good and holy Hippolyte. This is why, in the honor of God and the safety of our heart, so that our wages remain assured in the eternity, and still at the request of our faithful Fulrad, we give some extents of forests to the field about which spoke above, for the advantage and the benefit of the servants of God, who live in this place, on the limit of our field of Quuningisheim (Kintzheim), and we want that this donation applies to eternity ". Follows then a description very detailed on the limits of the grounds given;

A very vast territory

The new field of Fulrad included/understood all the valley of Rumbach (Rombach-the-Franc), then the peak where is Voultimont and Grammont which separates both Rombach. Then still the valley of other Rombach (Large Rombach and Bureberch (Berbuche and Jaboumont). From there, the limit followed the peak of the Vosges (per dined and confinia), along the old Franco-German border, went down to the south until W¨stenloch where Laimaha (Liepvrette) takes its source. The territory was to include/understand the valley of Liepvrette until Brézouard and in Ramenthal not included/understood and to lock up bank of this river where Déophanonpol was to be. This concession of Charlemagne is remarkable and important. The limit on the basis of Deophanpol followed initially the bed of Liepvrette to the mouth of Altinisbach (Vancelle) then that of this brook until its source to go further in Nannentols (Naugigoutte?). This limit still currently forms the demarcation between Haut-Rhin and the Low-Rhine. The field also included Achiniragny (Hingrie), followed the steps of Garmaringa and Odeldinge (localities now disappeared) also followed Liepvrette to the place where Andembach (Votembach) throws in Liepvrette then the bed of the latter until Stephanberg (Haut-Koenigsbourg), this mountain being included until Steynbach (Steintal, Breitenbäche in the area of Orschwiller), passed then by Rinadmarca, Odeldinga and Garmaringa (disappeared) and then their borders until Deophanpol.

At the end of the Middle Ages, most of the field belonged to the dukes of Lorraine already, by usurpation on the abbey of Saint-Denis.

Plunderings and devastations of the wars of the Middle Ages

After having recalled the history of the monastery of Lièpvre, it remains us to speak about the village itself. As mentioned we it above, it owes its origin with the monastery rested by the abbot Fulrad. The chronicles of the time reveal us some details given full details on the monastery, but very little on the facts which have a relationship with the inhabitants and the village. Before the 14th century the evidence of the ducal action on the area is rather rare, but the documents are however enough to show that the dukes of Lorraine were already main truths of the Val of Lièpvre. But having some difficulties in control the remote province, they yielded it by infeodation or strongholds to local lords who were elected to defend the interests of the Ducs of Lorraine and to defend the valley.

Berthold de Bucheck invests the Valley of Lièpvre

The valley is attacked about the 13th century by the troops of the bishop of Strasbourg, Conrad de Lichtenberg which is a very warlike character. Its troops frequently make raids in the valley and particularly in Lièpvre. It is in conflict with Lorraine and vassal Eckerick of the dukes of Lorraine since first half of the 13th century. Frequent disputes had already taken place before between the Lichtenberg and the Lorraine which lasted until 1290 year during which a girl of the duke of Lorraine married Conrad of Freiburg whose mother was Lichtenberg. To celebrate this reconciliation, the bishop of Strasbourg invited a great number of representatives of the Alsatian and Lorraine nobility in his palate to Strasbourg. After so much of years of war, the Val of Lièpvre knew 48 years of peace. In 1331 Jean d' Echerick is in war with the duke of Lorraine against the Count de Bar. Jean d' Echerick devastates Bertrimoutier, Provenchères-on-Fave, Remomeix, Holy-Marguerite and attracts in a ambush the Jean canons of Toulon, Geoffroy d' Herbeuviller and Nicolas de Porcher who ordered the troops of the chapter, the captive facts and locks up them in his keep of High Echery for which he claims 750 pounds tournaments of ransom. In 1338, the imperial cities are in war against the bishop of Strasbourg Berthold de Bucheck. Jean d' Echery orders the troops of Sélestat. As a sign of reprisal, the bishop joint with the baron of Hohenstein, landvogt of Alsace to devastate the Valley of Lièpvre and to besiege the castle of Echery.Il is accompanied by the troops by Jean SEN, bishop of Basle. Lièpvre and Rombach-the-Franc are burnt. The convent of Lièpvre is partially destroyed. The area will not be completely pacified since later, it is the chapter of Saint-Dié which complains about a truck driver of the name of Johel which has its den with the Valley of Lièpvre and which comes to plunder and hold to ransom the population on other side of the Vosges. This part which is with the Files of Meurthe-et-Moselle does not comprise a date. Perhaps is it about the famous English captain, Jean Jouel which will be killed with the Bataille of Cocherel in 1364?

The Routiers ransack Lièpvre

July 4th, 1365 the valley is attacked by groups of named mercenaries Routiers taken along by Arnaud de Cervole (1300 - 1366) known as the Archpriest, celebrates chief in the Grandes companies at the 14th century. It is called thus because it perceives incomes of the Archiprêté of Vélines and is with the service of Charles V which with Bertrand Of Geslin tries to drive out France the large companies. Arnaud de Cervole said to want to save the fields of the Church, it of it is not nothing. The pope Innocent VI launched a call to the crusade against these heretics who were caught some with the goods of the church. He invades the Val of Lièpvre, while passing by the Col of Saverne, with his 40.000 mercenaries. He is also in service for the Count de Blamont which is in war with the bishop of Strasbourg. He devastates the valley of Lièpvre and puts fire at Lièpvre, Rombach-the-Franc and Holy-Cross-with-Mines. May 25th, 1366 Arnaud de Cervole is killed close to Mâcon at the time of a quarrel with one of its men at the time when it tried to gather the bands of Routiers dispersed in Languedoc.

The Armagnacs make irruption in the valley

Armagnacs, called thus in the east of France, which one also calls the " Ecorcheurs" are armed bands formed with former mercenaries who prevail in France of the 15th century under the reign of Charles VII. They made following the Grandes Companies which were troops of adventurers who were paid by the princes in times of war and which lived plunderings and ransoms in times of peace or truce. They afflicted France at the 15th century under the reigns of Jean II and Charles V. After the Franco-English truce of 1444, Charles VII employs the Flayers against Lorraine and Alsace. This militia of 30 0000 men was made up of French, English, and Spaniards. 1000 Scot took part in this militia under the control of Jean de Mongommery which had since September 1444 its general headquarter with Châtenois. The Armagnacs were under the control of the dolphin of Louis XI and had entered to Alsace in 1444, forcing the cities and villages to be subjected and subjecting the populations the worst treatments those which were opposed to it. They plundered and set fire to all on their passage. They reflect then the seat in front of Saint-Hippolyte, and delivered against the city two unfruitful attacks of which one cost the life to the Pochon captain of River. Then they threaten to set fire to Saint-Hyppolite. Fearing to be the reprisals, the inhabitants of Saint-Hippolyte capitulate. They put then fire at Geispolsheim, besiege Dambach-the-City, Obernai, Rhinau and Mulhouse, take Eguisheim, Marckolsheim, Niedernai and Herrlisheim. They plunder the area of Mutzig, as well as the abbey of Pairis (in Orbey), Rouffach and Rosheim. City, then surrounded by ditches and an enclosing wall flanked of 9 turns, was also taken and shaved. To prevent that Lièpvre is not entirely destroyed, the village is subjected to the dolphin, just as the close borough Rombach-the-Franc. Lièpvre will be destroyed in 1445 by the troops which the dolphin led in Alsace after the famous battle of Saint-Jacob close to Basle. These troops were an irregular militia made up of various nations, and which were known under the name of Armagnacs.

The Armagnacs are demolished in the valley

After having camped during more than one year in Alsace, the Armagnacs leave the province in spring 1445, because there was no more great a deal to take and which remainder was raised very whole. Anxious Charles VII of the bad news which came from to him ordered with the Armagnacs to evacuate the area on March 20th, 1445. Part of these troops while being withdrawn in Lorraine crossed the Val of Lièpvre Thursday before Palm Sunday and was surprised with the improvist by the troops of the town of Schlestadt (Sélestat) ordered by Gunther Lang the intendant of the priory Sainte Foy to which had joined peasants of Villé, Rombach-the-Franc, Lièpvre and Holy-Cross-with-Mines. Ulrich of Rathsamhausen, the provost of Obernai and his peasants enlarged the rows of Gunther to organize the resistance top of the mountains, camouflaged in the bushes, they see going up interminable columns of riders and carriages. They made roll of enormous districts of rocks and tree trunks on the Armagnacs close to the locality the rock of the violins close to the road which goes towards Musloch, to the place known as of the rock to the violin. The Armagnacs lost to 300 men. Among deaths one finds a Landgrave which was Scottish and the marshal of the palate of the dolphin which was the brother-in-law of the king and who could be Jean de Montgoméry. Resistance against the Armagnacs is directed by Henri Gunther which had received the nickname of " Lang" because of its big size. It is with the head of 400 courageous men and hundreds of peasants who take again with the Armagnacs the spoils that they had piled up: 9 guns, 400 horses, 9 banners of which one belonged to the Suisse S. Of pretty women are also captured.

There are moreover 80 armours, 6000 guilders out of gold and a great quantity of silver plates, several powder barrels and tools of any kind. Charles VII learning the news from the disaster of Lièpvre was put in a terrible anger by showing treachery and of perfidy those which had so nimbly advised it for the crossing of the the Vosges, and in particular the Margrave of Baden responsible for her pieces of ordnance which were maintyenant between the hands of the middle-class men of Sélestat. This famous Margrave by her marriage with a princess of Lorraine had the bailliage Saint-Dié. It is undoubtedly on this occasion that was lost an iron spur whose serrated roller is formed by six flowers of lily and who was found in 1815 in the surroundings of Lièpvre.

The Count Palatine and the bishop of Strasbourg are avenged on the inhabitants for Lièpvre

After the departure of the Armagnac S, the troops of the Palatine count , bishop and town of Strasbourg was avenged on the inhabitants for Lièpvre and Rombach-the-Franc with the pretext which they had supported the entry of the Armagnac S in the valley of the Liepvrette. They plundered and devastated the valley and reflect fire everywhere. It is undoubtedly because of these devastations that the absence should be allotted so to speak whole monument former to the 16th century. It is as undoubtedly because of these devastations as one owes the disappearance of the remainders of the bones of the abbot Fulrad which rested with the Prieuré of Lièpvre.

The duke of Lorraine Antoine returns in conflict with the lord of Geroldseck

About May 1516, the duke of Lorraine, Antoine, is in conflict with the lord of Geroldseck, close to Saverne of the house of Wangen, in connection with the mines located at the Val of Lièpvre. Incompetent to make triumph his cause with his own forces, it called with his help François de Sickingen (= Franz von Sickingen) a famous adventurer. This one gave its support by engaging a band of 6000 men which seized Saint-Hippolyte by surprise. The duke Antoine bought the neutrality of Sickingen and entered the valley of Lièpvre where the troops of Geroldseck which barred the passage to them were demolished. He took again then Saint-Hippolyte and made slice the head with an inhabitant of this city which had supported the entry of the enemy. The name of Geroldseck frequently appears in the history of the Alsace and them files of the Middle Ages. One of the families is extinct at the 14th century and one has knew it under the name of the Géroldseck-be-Vosges ( In Vosaso, amndt Wasichim ) because of his castles located in the the Vosges, above Saverne. The other family drew her name from the castle of Hohen Géroldseck, established on one of the summits of the Black Forest, close to Lahr. This war was baptized " the war of the brebis" ( Schaafkrieg ) because of the great quantity of sheep which was removed there by the bands of Geroldseck which remained only by plundering and the plunders. The duke of Lorraine also has different with the emperor Charles Quint in the years 1519 with 1521 for the same reason. These difficulties are regulated by amicable agreement by an award in 1521. The deliberations of this statement are contained in a large register of 440 pages which is with the departmental records of Meurthe-et-Moselle. The lord Walter de Geroldseck by engaging a German adventurer, Franz von Sickingen, which was famous to make many armed robberies under pretext of defend the weak ones and oppressed, with her 6000 men while going in the Val of Lièpvre with its troops causes rather important damage in the valley. They are devoted to all kinds of exactions towards the population.

In May 1574, they are soldiers who cross the valley by squadrons from 100 to 200 men, but do not make a damage. During December 1575 of the Swiss Mercenaire S take the same way. The duke of Lorraine orders on his subjects to provide them vivres at an affordable price so that they do not vandalisent the inhabitants, but their request to very supervise them close and to refuse the entry in the walled cities to them. Later towards 1591, they are Italian deserters who pass in the valley without making damage. They go to Sainte Marie-with-Mines where one tries to stop them, but they flee by giving up their horses, weapons and herds which are seized and sold with the profit of the duke of Lorraine.

The Bumpkins invest the valley and make damage there

It is towards the 17 of April 1525 that peasants raised Basle with Wissembourg which take the name of Rustauds. Their rallying cry was “sharp Luther”. Approximately 40.000 men mibilisent themselves and are divided into seven bands with at their head Erasme Gerber. Their enemies were the noble ones and especially the clergy. It is with Molsheim that the movement took the most importance, then the revolt gained the Val of City and the Lorraine city of Saint Hippolyte. The priest of City and Wolgang Schuh cleaned Saint-Hippolyte, were made the dedicated propagators of the new religion by involving their parishioners. April 18th 1525 an army of peasants plunders and burns the monastery of Altorf. The Abbey of Honcourt close to City, the Abbey of Baumgarten close to Andlau and several other monasteries are plundered and destroyed in their turn. May 13rd, 1525 the peasants go to Ribeauvillé and the 14 to Riquewihr. They go then to the Val of Lièpvre and occupy the villages of Lièpvre and Rombach-the-Franc which is attacked in their turn by the Bumpkins. At the time of these revolts, encouraged by the Protestants, the peasants of the Valley of Lièpvre oppressed, raise themselves against the nobility. Freedom is promised to them. The Bumpkins receive the reinforcement of the peasants of Ribeauvillé, of Riquewihr, Bergheim, Sigolsheim, Am and Kaysersberg. An inhabitant of Lièpvre named Large Hannezo, involves some inhabitants of the two localities to the attack of the priory. They smash the doors and the windows, throw the works, break the stained glasses. After having caused extensive damage with the priory, they invite the women and children of the villages of Lièpvre and Rombach-the-Franc to be taken part in the feasts. They drink and eat as much as they can it. Encouraged by one named Jacques of Read, Large Hannezo makes sound the bell of the Prieuré to gather the population and to make swear by acclamation hatred with the priests and to the Lords, the suppression of said, the pooling of hunting, fishing and the forests. They carried corn, the hay, the straw and the oats which the monks had stored like various food.

A young provost of Senonville which went in a wine merchant to Raon-l' Étape is made prisoner by the inhabitants of Sainte Marie-with-Mines, Sainte Cross-with-Mines, Lièpvre and Rombach-the-Franc and takes it along to Lièpvre. They made swear by acclamation hatred with the priests and to the lords, the suppression of said, the pooling of the hunting of fishing and the forests. They created a new justice under the orders of the " Jehan" marshal; accompanied by Large Hannezo.

Large Hannezo and its companions moved then towards the Val of City hoping to carry same success, but the population refuses to follow them. They go then to Saint-Hippolyte where they receive a better reception.

The Bumpkins who raise themselves plunder and burn " for better regenerating the Church and the société". In September an important column of the Bumpkins tried to take by surprised the town of Saint-Dié in the the Vosges. But the inhabitants sounded the alarm bell which made it possible to disperse them. This event decided the duke Antoine of Lorraine to leave its reserve and to be opposed by the force to the invasion of the Lutherans in its States. It made occupy all the Vosgean Collars by a company of Lansquenet S under the orders of Gerard d' Haraucourt. The Duc of Lorraine Antoine to the head of an army well aguerrie puts a term at this rising and restores the order. Being on the point of returning in Lorraine, the duke is warned that 16000 recalcitrant gathers close to Sélestat to attack the Val of City. The duke and his combatants make half-turn at once and pass by again with the offensive. The runaways which believed to escape from the favor from the night gather with Scherwiller where the population their is favorable. The duke made put fire at the village of Scherwiller, close to Sélestat on May 20th 1525. More than 5000 insurgent are massacred pitilessly by the Lorraine troops.

Large Hannezo is stopped and imprisoned in a prison of Saint-Dié where it will spend four months. It will be pardoned by the duke following the supplication of his family.

One of the leaders, the priest Wolfgang Schuh (1493 - 1525), of Saint-Hippolyte, abjures the catholic faith and Marie, followed per many its parishioners. After the riots it was stopped by Gaspard d' Haussonville, governor of Blamont. He is condemned to died by a court of the enquiry and burned alive with Nancy on June 21st 1525. Others are taken along in captivity to Lorraine and are released only on payment of ransoms. After the defeat of the Bumpkins, the duke of Lorraine sent a detachment in the Val of Lièpvre with for mission of making return the population in the row. Inhabitants of the Valley of Lièpvre, of which some of Rombach-the-Franc, and Lièpvre which had joined the anticatholic riots obtained forgiveness only in very hard conditions. They were in particular constrained to go, through the forest, barefeet in procession to the sanctuary of Dusenbach (Ribeauvillé). As for the inhabitants of Saint-Hippolyte they had to endure the largest punishment since the Duc Antoine held his subjects like heretics particularly. They had not only sympathized with the Rustauds, but also lived Reform.

The troops of the marquis de Durlach put at bag Lièpvre and Rombach-the-Franc

Lièpvre, but also Rombach-the-Franc, borough located at 2 km are invaded in 1592 by the troops of the Marquis de Durlach of the house of Bade in hostility with the duke of Lorraine. They occupy the Val of Lièpvre during the winter of the same year and put at bag the valley which is partly burnt. He had formerly been used the duke as Lorraine with a regiment of Lansquenet S and had left it in 1590 for different about the pay from its soldiers. He thus hoped to be made pay by invading the valley of Lièpvre. The duke of Lorraine was informs of this invasion only on January 12th 1593. He took at once measures and on January 16th a regiment led by L. of Bonnayde arrived at Lièpvre. Other troops united then under the orders of the baillif of Nancy, Renaud de Gournay. The war lasted until 1604. During the occupation of the troops of the marquis de Durlach, a draper named Laurent guided the enemy in the villages of Rombach-the-Franc and Lièpvre to indicate the opulent houses to them. He will be condemned for crime of lese-majesty and a house belonging to him to Holy-Marie-with-Mines will be confiscated. The inhabitants of the Valley of Lièpvre will be exempted during eight years of the tax to compensate them for these repeated settings with bag. The marquis de Durlach by withdrawing valley carries with him the seal of the town hall of Lièpvre.

The Thirty Year old war

The war Thirty Year old is a succession of armed conflicts which tore the Europe 1618 with 1648. The engagements are held initially and mainly in the territories of Central Europe depend on the Saint Germanic Roman Empire, but imply the majority of the European powers, except notable for the England and the Russia. In the second part of the period, the engagements also go in France, in the Netherlands, in Italy of north, Catalogne, etc During these thirty years, the war gradually changes nature and of object: started as a religious conflict, it finishes in political struggle between the France and the Maison of Austria. The Duchy of Lorraine which formed officially part of the Empire, included/understood the bailliages of Nancy and the Vosges, separated from the bailliage of Germany more in north (German-speaking area of the current department of the Moselle) by the grounds of évêché of Metz. The duchy of Lorraine which up to now tried to maintain a certain neutrality, as well side of France as of that of the Empire, by a skilful policy practiced successively by the dukes Charles III (1559-1608) and Henri (1608 - 1624). It is the arrival of the capacity of the duke Charles IV in 1624, which by envenimant the relations with the France, involves the duchy of Lorraine in the storm, about fifteen years later. The Duché of Lorraine is occupied and managed by the France. In 1648, the Alsace is attached to France, but the Val of Lièpvre remained Lorraine is borrowed more and more by the various armies which join the plain of Alsace. Louis XIV twice passes to Holy-Marie-with-Mines during the year 1673 on August 27th and on September 3rd. In 1674 the war makes rage. The duke of Lorraine, Charles IV is stripped of his States and will join the imperial army which invaded the Alsace. One of its lieutenant, the colonel of Puy travels towards the Val of Lièpvre and tries to take with reverse part of the French troops on other side of the the Vosges. Instead of passing by the collar of Holy-Marie-with-Mines, it circumvents the mountain kept by the French troops while passing by the Hingrie and Lubine. It makes remove in a daring raid the back round of applause of Anjou with Bénaménil, close to Lunéville. In 1737, the treated of Vienna gave the Duchés of Lorraine and Bar to the ex-king de Pologne Stanislas, which by secret convention with Louis XV ensured the meeting, of these two duchies with the France.

The Swedes are caught some to the inhabitants of the valley

In 1632, the Alsace is traversed by bands of imperial and Lorraine soldiers who plunder the campaigns and the cities. The Lorraine troops installed with Haguenau are decimated by the Typhoïde and contaminate the population. The Val of Lièpvre which up to now was relatively saved by plunderings of imperial must now face a new danger with the arrival of the Swedish. They seize on December 12th 1632 Sélestat, then in June 1633 of Villé. The legend speaks about Swedish, but actually there are very few Scandinavian troops. The soldiers who compose it come from various horizons but are actually with the service of the duke Bernard of Saxony-Weimar and of the king of France. They behave in an inhuman way, plundering, ransacking, torturing, raping and killing the inhabitants. The profanations of churches hangings of priests and monks follow one another. In June 1633, the Swedes seize Villé, then castle of Frankenbourg, whose ruin undoubtedly goes back to this seat: in July they begin the attack of the Haut-Koenigsbourg which capitulates on July 7th; from there they make incursions into all the Val of Lièpvre. They attack the priory of Lièpvre which is plundered and put fire in September there at 70 houses of Lièpvre.De they go to Rombach-the-Franc, the borough close located at less than 2 km and hold to ransom the population. The village escapes fire however. While devastating all the valley of the Liepvrette, the Swedes bring also the plague. However the Lorraine ones manage to make to frequent incursions into the Val of Lièpvre with at its head the duke Charles IV (1624 - 1634). The situation is so tragic that the superintendent of the Valley obtains the permission to leave the valley. Justice is not returned any more. The Swedish also set fire to the village of Holy-Cross-with-Mines and its communal mill, undoubtedly at the same time. The Swedes plunder also harvests and the still cultivable fields are very often flarings, because certain captains practice the tactics of " the ground brûlée" to exhaust and starve the population. The peasants and the inhabitants who could escape slaughters often find without food and die of famine. In 1635 the inhabitants of Lièpvre and Rombach-the-Franc are exempted size because of the devastations of the plague and the wars. Of 1635 with 1641, the valley of Lièpvre is occupied by France. One year later the Lorraine ones are again Masters of the Val of Lièpvre, then France again occupies Lorraine of 1641 with 1659 and again of 1670 with 1697.

Lièpvre is made dispossess of an important part of its forests

Following the French occupation of the Valley of Lièpvre the villages of Bergheim, Holy Hippolyte, Orschwiller and Kintzheim enter in conflict with collegial the Saint-Georges of Nancy about the forests which belonged to the goods of the priory of Lièpvre. Already towards 1562, the priory of Lièpvre and the town of Saint-Hippolyte disputing wood, one sees arriving at Lièpvre, an adviser of the duke to examine the disputed places, as well as a public prosecutor of Lorraine and an ecclesiastical dignitary. The same year, another high-ranking person, Claude Mengin, president of the Lorraine Room of the accounts of , passes the the Vosges, joins together the notable ones, questions them about the mines in litigation between the duke and the emperor, and it reappears in 1567. In 1486 then in 1516 Lièpvre has some contentions with its neighbors of Bergheim, Saint-Hippolyte and Orschwiller. In 1568 the inhabitants of Bergheim make damage in the communal wood of Lièpvre, and as one wants to prevent them, they are seized of one named Claudon Gascart and take along it captive. The duke writes twice to complain near regency about Ensisheim on which Bergheim depends. Much later Lièpvre has a lawsuit which lasts of 1776 with 1791 for the properties of the wood of Kelblin, but loses its cause.

Benefitting from the disorder generated by the Thirty Year old Lorraine war and from the weakening of the duchy of , the Alsatian cities seize with the support the France of which they are attached since the Traité of Ryswick in 1697 of the forests of Kelblin, and Hinterwald. These forests which extended on the southernmost slope from the valley from Lièpvre starting from Kintzheim pertaining to the town of Sélestat, until Holy-Cross-with-Mines, were formerly common to the inhabitants of Lièpvre and the plain. They were divided towards 1763. The forestry development and the pastures formerly represented important points of friction between the various communes because of economic factors. The monks of the priory of Lièpvre took along their animals on the heights of the Taennchel, in particular of the pigs which raffolaient fruits of the oaks with which the mountain was covered. An agreement between the Alsatian communes and the priory of Lièpvre allotted to each commune of the territories which were opened with the Glandée. These territories called by the Alsatian ones under the name of Hinterwald were delimited between the communities of Orschwiller, Bergheim and Saint-Hippolyte by a mare returned on April 15th 1516. In this act, Lièpvre is entitled to the Glandée for its animals of the day of the Exaltation of the cross until Christmas and the remainder of the year between the three other communes. The town of Saint-Hippolyte holds since this time the forests of Kelblin and Hinterwald. It remains today in Lièpvre only the wood of Spiemont and the old clearings made with the accesses of the village, between the forest and the Liepvrette. The forest of Hinterwald extended in general to the forests located in the valley from Liepvrette, on the slope of the Taennchel, between the rocks of Reinolstein and Ramelstein to the pagan wall. The cantons of Fallenwasser appear in an investigation of 1435 whose report is with the files of Meurthe-et-Moselle. The forest of Hinterwald was in the center of frequent disputes between the commune of Lièpvre and its neighbors Alsatian since the 16th century. The treaty of Paris signed on July 18th 1718 put an end to the disputes. This treaty was signed by Jean Feydieu, gruyer of Holy-Marie-with-Mines for the Val of Lièpvre, Daniel Luc Weinemer, lord of Landersheim to advise of the king, and baillif of the bailliage of Châtenois and the Preniot captain for Saint-Hippolyte. In this act concluded between the police chiefs from king de France, Nicolas Prosper Bauyin, lord of Angervilliers, adviser of the king, and those of the duke of Lorraine, Léopold Ier, grants the forest of Hinterwald to Bergheim, Saint-Hippolyte and Orschwiller, since the confluence of the brook of Votenbach until the top of the rock named Reinolstein on the mountain of the Taennchel, without damage for the inhabitants of Lièpvre who can bring their herds in accordance with the signed award Sunday of Jubilate of the year 1516. The forest of Spiemont is stated to belong to the commune of Lièpvre and to belong to the sovereignty of Lorraine. Moreover delegates recognizing the right of Glandée for the inhabitants of Lièpvre and pasture in all the extent of the forests of Bergheim, Holy Hippolyte and Orschwiller. However in the event of war the inhabitants of Lièpvre are held to withdraw their cattle. This treaty confirms to some extent an extract of the judgment of January 5th 1513 signed by the regency of Ensisheim and the three communes and Jean de Wickram administrator of the priory of Lièpvre. The geographical maps were recorded by Misters Broutin engineer and Buignon engineers with the service of king de France in 1718 who indicate exactly the limits of each commune. Twenty six terminals were established including/understanding a Greek cross on the top of each stone since the brook of Votembach until the top of Reinolstein where the terminal n°1 is indicating dated October 24th the 1718 representing the date of the Traité of Paris. The N°13 terminal is according to the report of the treaty established in the pre one of Spizematt. Another stone-limits lying was on the driving path with Thannenkirch in a place called Klosterpfad, the path of the abbey with the n°18 which was partly unobtrusive.

Old mines

The commune of Lièpvre counted with the Middle Ages a certain number of extremely famous mines. The mines of Holy-Anne and Saint-Thomas with Musloch, Holy Spirit with Creusepré (Gleisprey) of Herrschaftt, of Midsummer's Day, Finckenstreich, Large Feldort, and of Kast de Stolle Aymé were worked during strong a long time by Lorraine minors. The most important seam on left bank of the Liepvrette in Musloch represented a corridor a 2,5 km length. In the east, in the south of Lièpvre one still finds the old mines of Creusepré. The mines of Holy-Anne, Herrschafft and Midsummer's Day with Musloch were discovered in 1526. One discovered in 1750 with the mine Saint-Anne of the money, the rivet washer and lead. Another mine called in the old documents " Schwymbach (= Schweinsbach) with Lièpvre is also exploited at the same time. Between 1533 and 1546 four new building sites are opened in Lièpvre, but research will be rather quickly abandoned. The mine Holy Spirit will produce its first seam on November 4th 1583. Exploited until in 1593 it will produce on the whole a little less than 129 kg of money, but the seam will become exhausted rather quickly. However thanks to the discovery of new seams in the mine Holy-Anne in the mountain called " Finckaustreich" the ore delivery will continue. Production of the mine of Herrschafft reached in apogee in 1591 to die out gradually on any beginning of the 17th century. Towards 1606 the mines of Herrschafftt with Musloch and Holy Spirit with Creusepré are abandoned. Towards 1627, all the mining activity in the valley of Lièpvre is suspended because of the disorders generated by the territorial conflicts and the exhaustion of the metal caps. During the War Thirty Year old, work was abandoned. A resumption of the exploitation after the Traité of Ryswick towards 1697 does not succeed in remaking to take off the mining activity because of modest outputs. Work ceased in 1715. During the First World War, a gold bearing layer was also announced in the area Châtenois - Lièpvre. The presence of gold in this area had been suggested as of 1913, by the newspaper Deutsche Goldschmied-Zeitung which announced that excavations of great scales were going to be realized on the site. The assertions of Deutsche Goldschmied Zeitung aroused a great curiosity and an lively interest in the area of Lièpvre. But as incredible as that appears no exploitation was undertaken. Certain inhabitants of Lièpvre and Châtenois, claiming themselves well indicated, affirmed, that the Germans who occupied Alsace then, presenting the loss of the war and Alsace, gave up the exploitation of the gold bearing grounds. This layer, according to the indications, was at the exit of the village of Lièpvre and the entry of the grounds belonging to the town of Châtenois, with the limit of the departments of the Haut-Rhin and the the Low-Rhine, on Right Bank of the Liepvrette.

Village community with the Middle Ages

Before the appearance of the municipal authorities of the Lorraine villages were generally governed by a lord. The Val of Lièpvre made exception, since Charlemagne the population of the valley profited from a specific scheme. They are the monks of the priory of Lièpvre who had the absolute capacity on the mass of the peasants and the population and which distributed the great fields land and rural, which protected the subjects and returned justice. Since the Carolingian period it is them which in fact had the true capacity. With the disappearance of the last Carolingians the capacity of the monks will disappear appreciably, leaving the place to local warriors or lords who monopolized goods belonging to the priory of Lièpvre. But the monks of Lièpvre will not be entirely despoiled and will preserve during a certain time the whole of their goods. They will profit during very a long time from protection from powerful the Abbaye from Saint-Denis which was actually the true owner of the valley since the death of the abbot Fulrad in 784 and from the majority from the sovereigns who controlled the kingdom. About the year 1200 the peasants and those which worked for the monks accepted some small privileges; they will be able to cultivate the ground for their own need, like clearing the forest in the condition of paying rights of frankness and of regularly paying a royalty on the surpluses of their harvest. In fact the economic reality of the valley was rather better than elsewhere and this stamping was rather well accommodated like an notable improvement of the country condition. This frankness was extended besides to the other provinces, on the other side of the Vosges and all the other lords transfer themselves constrained to imitate them. Later, the monks of Lièpvre which cannot defend by themselves the valley alienated part of provide to them for local lords, who then shared part of the royalties with those of the priory. Thus, towards 1232 the valley is protected by the lords from Eckerich. These noble, originating it of Lorraine seems had grown rich thanks to the exploitation by the mines by money whose monks coming from the Abbaye of Gorze had begun the production with the Xe century. They were évincé by the lords of Echery. At the request of the priory of Lièpvre or Saint-Denis this family was also charged to protect the goods from the whole valley. This dynasty is extinct with the death of the last family member towards 1381. The Val of Lièpvre made at the time part of the Germanic Roman Empire that several applicants between 1254 and disputed 1273, time or Rodolphe de Habsbourg was elected emperor. He thus reigned a certain anarchy in the kingdom and the valley was the object of frequent passages. To supervise these inopportune to and from of the enemy troops, of many lords set up strong castles in the area. The noble ones of Echery made build a castle that they named Hoh-Eckerich in the valley of Small Rombach where the road passed leading in Lorraine. The lords of Echery were rather powerful so much so that they could assemble troops for their own account. They guerroyaient against their neighbors, and were feared and respected because of their bravery. Jean d' Echery pointed out himself at the time of the war which it made in the chapter Saint-Dié and later against the bishop of Strasbourg when it ordered the troops of Sélestat. After the extinction of the last of the lords of Echéry, half of the valley will be shared between the duke of Lorraine and the lords of Rappolstein (Ribeaupierre). December 9th 1399 the treaty of Burgfried ratified the division of the valley. The dukes of Lorraine shared the villages of Lièpvre, Holy-Cross-with-Mines, Rombach-the-Franc and part of Holy-Marie-with-Mines on the left of the Liepvrette which they inféodèrent with noble of Hattstatt. The brothers Maximin and Schassmann de Ribeaupierre accepted other half: Saint-Blaise, Fertrupt, Echéry and the part of Sainte-Marie which was on the right of Liepvrette. This division of the valley goes perdurer during four century, i.e. until the Revolution of 1789.

Administration and justice

The priory of Lièpvre which had a good part of the valley had very wide legal rights. This priory depend on the powerful abbey of Saint-Denis it is thus it which exerted actually justice in this corner of the Alsace via the prior who was named by it. These rights were confirmed by a bubble of 1259. But dukes of Lorraine in the capacity as dedicated, i.e. temporal guards of the priory évincèrent Saint-Denis, too distant to defend themselves. The jurisdiction passed to the fifteenth century very whole between their hands. In 1423 this seizure did nothing but start. It enumerates the rights of the prior on the Valley which names the provost who returns justice on his behalf. The prior perceives two thirds of the fines, the duke touching the remainder in the capacity as Voué. He takes Redevance S on the trade of the wine. One needs the permission of the prior to cut wood in the forests or to drive out there, to build houses or mills. Fishing is prohibited without the authorization. It has the right of pre-emption on all that is sold in the valley. In return it is held to provide to Lièpvre and Holy-Cross to the Mines the banal Taureau and the banal Verrat. The administration and justice were not, like today, carefully separate. The same agent could cumulate very many legal, administrative, financial attributions or even soldiers. At the beginning, those which exerted these multiple functions carried the title of Mayeur or mayor. It existed there at the time three mayors in the valley. Lièpvre and the German Rombach (today Rombach-the-Franc) made only one community. There were of them two others with Holy-Cross-with-Mines and Holy-Marie-with-Mines. These mayors were the representatives of the lords and not inhabitants. They were thus chosen by the lord of Hattstatt and the duke of Lorraine. The mayor of Lièpvre received 30 francs of Lorraine per annum.

This summary organization was a long time amply sufficient, until the day when the increasing number of German minors, of the frequent brawls burst between them and people of French language. In letters patent of May 21st 1547 the Capitaine of Spitzemberg is named Justicier (in German Amtmann ) of the Valley of Lièpvre. It could occupy the castle of Zuckmantel which was built with Sainte Cross-with-Mines when it would come in the valley. It could name an agent sworn in to replace it when it would be absent in the only condition which it controls also the German language. December 15th 1548 the captain of Spitzemberg cumulates also the load of superintendent of the mines of the Val of Lièpvre following the death of the Surintendant of the mines. Consequently one will take the practice to give in any circumstance the title of superintendent.

The valley of Lièpvre eccentric and being wedged in the middle of foreign possessions, the Duché of Lorraine had a particular care to proclaim its rights on this corner to which it held extremely, because them mines and to have an entry in Alsace. The duke himself reaffirms high and strong this sovereignty in various acts, for example in letters patent of May 21st 1547 naming a ducal officer to govern the valley. Another official writing of the same time certifies as the valley belonged to the duchy of Lorraine since unmemorable times, than to any time the duke granted graces to it, than the calls of local justice were always carried with Nancy, than the owners of strongholds paid always homage and swore fidelity to the dukes, than finally those always returned statutes and ordinances for this part of the territory.

With the Middle Ages, in fact the village communities manage the forests and the grounds on behalf of the lord or duke of Lorraine under the control of officers named by him. For Lièpvre it is the provost who is charged to control the whole of the administration. He delegates part of his prerogatives of the commune of Lièpvre, with the mayor or Mayeur which has very broad capacities. He controls for example the goods of the community, visits the forests, the ways, the furnaces, the mills, and pronounces the regulations of police force. He pronounces the fines for the forest or pastoral offenses Thereafter the mayor is assisted by alderman S which sit three: the Master alderman, also called lieutenant of mayor, the alderman and the small alderman, the sergeant or senior and starting from 1583 by a Clerk. There are six Plaid S yearly per annum. Previous Sunday, at the exit of the mass, the mayor warns the inhabitants, of the day and the place where the plaid will be held. All the inhabitants are held to assist under penalty of fine. The mayor declares then the meeting open and notes the absences, then pronounces the fines with less than one valid reason. The meetings must proceed in serenity and not disturbed by cries and uproars. Sworn which is for the majority of simple craftsmen receive an allowance. He seems remainder which one has some sorrow to recruit them, because starting from 1587 one will reduce their number of twenty seven to fifteen. The clerk enumerates then the pastoral fines incurred in the year. The observations of the culprits are then taken into account by the échaque mayor i.e. pronounces the fine. The mayor himself is held in his turn to return accounts to the administration. Every year the election by the inhabitants of new representatives takes place: mayor, alderman, sergeant, clerk, Bangard and forester, then come the service from the oath. One names then Paulier presented by décimateurs, which fixes the wages of the schoolmaster, which also decides to make repairs of the church and the presbytery, of the bridges. The mayor decides also new payments and fixes closing times of the cabarets and to prevent the parents from bringing the small children who would disturb the offices with the mass. These organized yearly plaids in a uniform way starting from 1598 by an ordinance of Charles III lasted until the Revolution. Thereafter, the mayor was discharged from the administration of the forests to then pass to the Gruerie S. Starting from 1615, the mayor does not raise more the tax. This task is entrusted to the elected official, then at the century following to asseyor S and collectors. Following the French occupation during the Thirty Year old war the ducal capacity was essential of advantage in the communities. An ordinance supplemented by that of 1753 removed the right to the inhabitants definitively to name their municipal mayor and other officers. They were named by the provost and were to lend oath to the chief town of the jurisdiction. In 1738, the municipal authorities places centuries since from there, made up of the mayor, aldermen, of the sergeant, the clerk was modified by the duke Stanislas. Indeed one of the first ordinances was the removal of the aldermen to the profit of a syndic elected each year by the inhabitants which was in charge of communal accountancy. As from this time one thus finds a mayor, his lieutenant, the sergeant and the clerk named by the provost. All the parts of this time start with these words: “Syndics, mayor and inhabitants brought together in body of communities… ”. The control established by the king Stanislas on the administration became more rigorous and especially since the meeting of the Lorraine to the France. It was necessary to undergo the very powerful will of the intendant and sound deputy of bailliage. This mode lasted one half-century. It is finally the edict of January 8th 1787 which created provincial assemblies, the assemblies of the district and the assemblies communal. Could be elected only the old owners of more than 25 years, the priest, the Greffier, the Syndic. All were at least to know to read and write and belong to the class middle-class (first class of the taxpayers). Starting from 1790, each commune organizes the election of its own elected officials. August 11th 1789 the Dîme S are removed. The Révolution imposes to the priests the civic oath under penalty of deprivation of pension or even of deportation in the event of disorders to the law and order.

Repopulation

Starting from 1660 the duke Charles IV returned with the businesses (1661 - 1670) encourages the arrival of populations to repopulate the cities and villages which were decimated by the Thirty Year old war. The rural economy is completely disorganized, the grounds and forests are in waste lands. He encourages the arrival of new inhabitants who will occupy the houses or abandoned farms of the valley of Lièpvre. As of 1663 one sees arriving of the colonists of Switzerland, the Val of Orbey, of the Vosges, of Savoy or the Val of Aoste or even of Mulhouse. The devastations of the Guerre Thirty Year old reduced in very important proportions the population of the valley. As of the return of peace the duke of Lorraine, Léopold gets busy to fill the vacuum left in the cities and the campaigns by encouraging the arrival of new inhabitants. Charles IV gives a broad support for silk and cloth manufactures which are exempted right of middle-class and taxes during six years. In addition he encourages the arrival in the valley of Lièpvre of Anabaptistes to occupy the farms left with the abandonment.

He grants also a frankness from tax to all the new inhabitants who settle in the Lorraine boroughs and the valley of Lièpvre. Anabaptists from Switzerland, driven out by the economic crisis and the Jacquerie had already settled in 1653 in the valley of Lièpvre managed by Ribeaupierre which had developed thatches and the system of transhumance. Besides one finds of it also side of the Val of Lièpvre managed by the Lorraine, particularly with the Hingrie and in hamlets isolated from Lièpvre and Holy-Cross-with-Mines. They are particularly appreciated for their agricultural matter competence by the fortunate middle-class men or the lords. They renovate and increase the old hovels and farms left with the abandonment. They clear also the forests. After the death of the duke Charles IV, one of its successors the duke Léopold Ier will continue the same policy while trying to raise the local economy. By letters patent of September 28th 1711, it created with Lièpvre a market every Thursday and three times per annum, the March 11th, July 26th and October 22nd to allow the peasants to run out their goods. These fairs had the same privileges as those of Bruyères or Saint-Dié in the the Vosges. He will grant one year of frankness from taxes to all the foreigners who build in the boroughs of the valley. Thanks to these measurements, Lièpvre, but also the other communes will find some prosperity and the valley will be repopulated rather quickly thanks to the arrival of new inhabitants of the Savoy, of Orbey, Fréland, the Bonhomme or of the the Vosges.

Lièpvre and its environment

After the invasions and plunderings of the Middle Ages, Lièpvre had evil to be raised. It is finally only as from the 16th century that the village started to undertake rehabilitation and building work. One built law courts in full period of the Renaissance. These law courts do not exist today any more. In 1839 one still saw at the ground floor of this building a room furnished with arcades and a large chimney of which several sculptures dating from the rebirth, i.e. 16th century. In the village, there also existed at the same period a curious, known monument under the name of house of the Princes, which was demolished at the 19th century to make place with a new bridge. It was located at the bottom of the village, with respect to the old monastery. It had been built by the dukes of Lorraine and was used to them as point of appointment for hunting. On one of the walls of this house one could see a mural fresco of natural size representing the dukes of Lorraine out of hunting clothes. This house had two stages originally. With the angle which dealt with the bridge was inside a winding staircase, which left the cellar to the attic. During his demolition at the 19th century, one still saw a crossing which gave day to this staircase. Its architecture did not leave any doubt about the time to which it was built: the time of the rebirth. With the Moyen-âge Lièpvre was surrounded by a wall, it is at least what Specklin claims, one of the chroniclers of the 18th century which adds that it was shaven in 1445 at the time of the confusion of the commune by the Count Palatine and the bishop of Strasbourg in reprisals of the tender of the population to the Armagnacs. At the 18th century, Lièpvre is composed of the hamlet of Musloch with thirteen families, and twelve supposed dividing itself into 220 families. The king of France is the sovereign since the transfer of the Lorraine which was made to him in 1736 and 1737. The chapter cathédral of the primatiale of Nancy, succeeding the rights of the former priory of Lièpvre, is outlet drain and decimator for a third. The priest perceives the two other thirds. September 28th 1711, the duke Léopold, establishes by letter-licenses with Lièpvre of the fairs and the markets. Louis XVI, by his edict of October 1776 attached the justice to prévôté royal of Holy-Marie-with-Mines. But this edict was revoked by the Parliament of Nancy in July 1782 which ordered that the Lorraine villages of the valley of Lièpvre would depend from now on bailliage présidial on Saint-Dié. The valley of Lièpvre is attached to died of king Stanislas Leczinski in 1766 in France.

The starting of the economy

Starting from 1668 the duke of Lorraine, Charles IV authorized the behavior of the markets and the fairs with Lièpvre. As Holy-Marie-with-Mines increases, Lièpvre lost of its importance. The commune counted during a certain time a few hundreds of trades of clothiers, but the inhabitants undoubtedly preferring to turn over to the ground gave up this industry to devote themselves exclusively to the culture of the ground. Lièpvre was thus reduced little by little to the state of village and at the beginning of the 19th century the population of Lièpvre did not exceed 1400 hearts.

Troops of the coalition between 1814 and 1818

Between January and April 1814, Napoleon i, must face an army of troops united well decided with in découdre with him. It includes/understands the Russia, the England, the Sweden, the German Austria and several states old allies of Napoleon to the number of which one finds the Bavaria and the Wurtemberg. The Austrians 120.000 penetrate in France while passing by the Suisse of which they violated neutrality. The Prussians and the Russians pass by the the Rhine. As of the first days of January 1814 the soldiers occupy the valley of Lièpvre and establish there campings of fortune to Holy-Marie-with-Mines, Holy-Cross-with-Mines, Lièpvre and Rombach-the-Franc. The Bavarian troops of the general Deroy ordering 5000 men are the first to cross the peak of the the Vosges. Then from 1815 with 1818 of the Austrian troops of occupation, ordered by the colonel count de Cassada came to camp in the commune. This company is placed with old the " Post with the chevaux" who was with the site where is today the offices of the Schmidt kitchens.

Beginnings of industrialization

Towards 1816, Mr. Risler, industrialist with Holy-Marie-with-Mines repurchases the building of the former post office to the horses, located at the bottom of the village, and into 1818 in of a weaving of Calicot S transformed it, and thus founded the first industrial plant with Lièpvre. This building will be occupied of 1816 with 1818 during the invasion by a company of Austrian hunters which was used then as barracks. In 1827, it made demolish the old building and replaced it by a more modern building. To the same time he added a weaving of white fabrics and manufactured painted cotton fabrics there and in 1836 he establishes a mechanical weaving there. This building was sold with died of the industrialist in 1844 and this establishment was repurchased by Mr. Dietsch, industrialist with Holy-Marie-with-Mines who was already owner of a house with respect to the factory and whom the inhabitants of Lièpvre knew under the name of castle. This house had been built in 1739 per Mr. Brulon de Sélestat which came to live it during the beautiful season. Lièpvre still has another industrial plant on the road of Rombach-the-Franc rested by MISTERS Jolly and Osmont of Holy-Marie-with-Mines which a long time manufactured dyed cotton fabrics.

Natural disasters

In October 1778, Lièpvre undergoes important floods. The Liepvrette leaves its bed and carries all on its passage. Many people are victims of these floods. One also deplores the disappearance of most of the cattle. The damage is estimated at 100.000 books. In 1800 one attends a true dryness: not only one drop of rain did not fall during 109 days. In 1818 the rain falls during 99 days, which makes overflow the rivers and causes new floods. In 1829 - 1830 snow recovers the valley during 60 days and one attends frosts which will last 86 days. But one also attends canicular periods: in 1811, 1825, 1826, 1834 from June to August the thermometer on average does not descend in-top from 29°. May 25th 1834 a gigantic reduced fire ashes some more than 24 houses with Lièpvre. February 24th 1844 a new flood due to important the pig iron and cast iron of snow devastates the valley again. One counts many victims with Lièpvre, of which an whole family. January 6th 1861 and on January 6th 1872 the population of Lièpvre must again face the important floods due to the snow melt. The bridges are literally carried. The railway between Lièpvre and Vancelle is stopped and the traffic will take again only eight days afterwards. The same scenario repeats in February 1877 during three weeks when the valley sudden of new floods and the storms of a rare violence. The bridges are again carried by the risings. Other floods are to be regretted, in particular those of December 23rd 1919. The church of Lièpvre is invaded by water, which prevents the midnight mass from being held there. July 7th 1933 a landslide occurs in Votembach due to the important impressive storms followed by cloudburst. Another landslide occurs in Musloch on January 15th 1936 due to the floods. The trunk road 59 is cut and a ditch of four meters prevents any circulation between Lièpvre and Holy-Cross-with-Mines.

Outlines on the current church

The current church of Lièpvre which is on the road of Rombach-the-Franc was rebuilt probably towards 1752, but there existed on this site a vault as of the 13th century placed under the invocation of Saint Alexandre which was attended by the inhabitants of Rombach-the-Franc and Lièpvre for the Sunday masses, the marriages, the burials which was destroyed during the Guerre Thirty Year old. The elements of the parish church of Lièpvre were assembled with old remainders coming from the priory of Lièpvre and the church Saint-Alexandre. In the church a removed tomb stone of the vault in 1790, was placed like altar stone in the parish church of Lièpvre, but it was moved when into 1843 one changed the furnace bridges of this church. It contained the remainders of the last lord of Eckerich died in 1381. They were leant with the wall of the church, but these elements since September 1998 were moved inside the church. There also existed in the sacristy of the parish church, the mounting containing the relics of Saint Alexandre. It was a small box of wood in the form of long square, outside decorated with sculptures. On the two sides of the mounting one distinguished from the sculptures and an opening furnished with glass by where one could see the interior of the box. Through this opening one clearly distinguished a cushion covered with crimson silk and decorated gallons of gold and money on which the remainders of the relics of the saint rested. This relic was still visible at last century, but apparently disappeared since.

One of the most curious objects that the vault contained is the baptistry which was under the bell-tower and which since is exposed inside the entry of the church. It is out of stone and with the shape of a chalice. The lower part forms a square which is decorated on its four faces with sculptures from which the subjects appear drawn from the Apocalypse of Saint Jean. The stone which is used as a basis is also decorated subjects symbolic systems.

The large bell of the parish church of Lièpvre also comes from the monastery of Saint-Alexandre. It carries the date of 1542. This bell was molten by a Lorraine artist, Jean Lamperti originating in Deneuvre, close to Baccarat. This borough had formerly collegial founded in 1301 under the title of Saint-Georges] by Henri lord of Blamont and Deneuvre and Cunégonde his wife. Lamperti followed there during long years the occupation of founders; their bells competed under the quality report/ratio and of elegance, with those of the most famous factories and their fame largely Lorraine exceeded. Two constancies distinguished them: the presence of the medallion of Saint-Georges and one finds them on the bells of Lièpvre

According to the popular legend it was hidden in pre close to Lièpvre in a formerly known locality under the name of Schirel at the exit of Lièpvre, on the right of the road of Vancelle during the Thirty Year old war, with the approach of the Swedes who devastated the valley in the years 1635 and 1636 and in particular the monastery. This vast ground of fourrières and fields in front of the forest is between the way which leads to Vancelle and that which leads to glazing bar. In this place were discovered scrap, currency and stones of size which would perhaps come from old buildings, perhaps an old dependence of the priory of Lièpvre. Many even claims that there was an old cemetery. This bell was unearthed one century and was assembled later on the bell-tower of the church. One notices there two medallions of which one represents Saint-Georges embanking the dragon and the other the Blessed Virgin with the Jesus child accompanied by angels, playing various instruments. On the bell have bed: O sancta Maria and sancte Cucufate to martir orate pro nobis; and low: Maria am named, in the honor of God and of the Virgin Mary was faict . Who was this Cucufat Saint? A martyr died for the faith in Barcelona in Spain on July 25th 303. One reads in the acts of Cucufat Saint whom his relics were given to Charlemagne by the wali of Barcelona Sulaiman Ibn-Al Arabi and whom the Fulrad abbot having obtained them of the emperor, deposited them in the church of the priory of Lièpvre that it had founded. Were this complete relics? The Spanish claim that the body of Saint Cucufa is with Barcelona and that one carried to France only his chief. Part of these relics remained in Lièpvre until the beginning of the 19th century. One venerated this relic with the sacristy which was contained in a small mounting out of wooden, decorated outside sculptures. Another part of the relics was transported by Hilduin, abbot of Saint-Denis (835) in its abbey. Four capitals of columns coming from the old monastery are used currently in the church as Lièpvre the pedestal ones for the banners. The small vault which one sees on the right of the church was built with the remainders of the old priory. It is all that remains old monastery.

In the church of Lièpvre one can also see twelve stained glasses carried out by the Ott brothers of Strasbourg whose majority were financed by parishioners of Lièpvre. On the right chorus there exists a stained glass representing holy Georges embanking the dragon which was offered by Lettighoffer and C.Georges in 1911. Saint Georges is the owner of the church primatiale of Nancy, this is why undoubtedly the mention " Duchy of Lorraine" there appears. On the right chorus a stained glass represents Fulrad with the legend " C mea cuncta Deo hic" realized in 1911 by the Ott brothers of Strasbourg.

In the chorus of the church one can also see a crucifix of the XVIIIe century. In the same way the way of cross made up of 14 tables painted with oil on fabric is the work of an anonymous artist of the XVIIIe century.

By seeing the perfect one was of conservation of certain objects having belonged to the monastery of Lièpvre, one can only consider it regrettable that one did not carry the same care to the other invaluable objects that the old vault and mainly with the coloured stained glasses contained of which there does not remain currently any more any trace.

February 6th 2004 of the frescos of the 13th century were discovered under the vaults of the chorus of the old church during the restoration of the parish church. These frescos could date from the years 1200 - 1250 what would not have anything astonishing since it is known that a vault was with the site even bell-tower which was preserved and whose remainder was demolished in 1752 to leave room to the larger current church.

The plague of the Black Death

Towards 1349 a terrible plague fell down on all Europe: the Black Death. The area however is not reached yet by this mysterious evil, but the rumor is spread like a powder trail through all the valley. The news created a panic among the population. With Strasbourg, distant city of hardly 65 km of Lièpvre spreads the rumor according to which the Juifs would be at the origin of the propagation of this epidemic. One shows them to have poisoned the wells and the rivers. Several Alsatian villages close to the valley announce " aveux" that would have made (under torture) some Jews. Following these rumors, many Jews were trailed by crowd and were burned on immense bûchers. At Strasbourg, one estimates that more than 2000 Jews were burned alives. Some escaped from it by abjuring their faith just as the children. The goods of the torture victims were divided between middle-class man and the bishop of Strasbourg. The credits were destroyed and certain pledges returned to their owners. Vis-a-vis these massacres, the emperor Charles IV threatened of reprisals the authors of such acts. But the destruction of the Jewish population by no means prevented the propagation of the epidemic of Black Death. In 1350 it reaches the valley of Lièpvrette. It is in 1347 that the Black Death, left Central Asia appears, it gained China and India before reaching the edges of the Mediterranean. It is into 1347 that the Tatars come from the Lac Baïkal carrying the germ the disease besieges the port of the Crimea. Rather than to use balls, they dispatch their deaths as projectiles. The Italian merchants who manage to flee of the city brought back the disease to Europe thus. Certain French provinces lose until the 2/3 of their population. In Lièpvre approximately half of the population is decimated by the disease and with Rombach-the-Franc hardly 10% of the population is reached by the disease. The rumor circulates with Rombach-the-Franc and Lièpvre that it is Sainte Rosalie which preserved the village of this terrible disease. This source called the source Sainte Rosalie which runs close to the vault installed by the monks of the priory of Lièpvre is attended by the inhabitants of the two villages whose therapeutic virtues are recognized to fight against the plague and the cholera. A new epidemic afflicts the valley in 1531. The plague prevails there so extremely that the superintendent of the mines does not dare any more to come for his office. But the plague returns to regular intervals because of the lack of hygiene and the proliferation of the black rats vectors of this disease. In 1541 the plague prevails again in Lièpvre and the mayor of Lièpvre, Bastien Ferry admits having been thirty-three weeks absent from the city to avoid it. In June 1633 the Swedes who seize City, then Château of Frankenbourg are caught of it with all the Val of Lièpvre where they bring the plague. The situation is so serious that the superintendent of the valley obtains the permission to leave Lièpvre. One cannot bring together people of justice any more to distribute the size. Lièpvre is plundered in November 1633 and more than 70 houses are flarings. Rombach-the-franc knows the plague and plundering but escapes fire. The village of Holy Cross-with-Mines and its communal mill are burnt.

Axes of communication to the Middle Ages

In the Vosges and in Lorraine one employed readily the term of valley, follow-up of the name of the principal locality. At the time, the Valley of Lièpvre was to hardly have relationship with the close valleys because it missed the service roads. It is only in the 1905 that a military road between Lièpvre and Villé was established passing by Rombach-the-Franc, then collar of Fouchy which culminates with 606 meters. Only a longitudinal road connected to the Middle Ages Alsace and Lorraine whose layout varied. To the 15th century this road did not pass by Holy-Marie-with-Mines, but by Small Rombach to lead on other side of the Vosges towards Lusse. It is through this road, in Small Rombach, that drew up the castle of Echery installed on an extremely abrupt rock which was used as point of den to supervise to and from in the valley. For a long time, this road always ended in Lièpvre which was the place more populated and the administrative center of the valley. The geographical location of Lièpvre made it possible through this road to connect the Duchy of Lorraine and the plain of Alsace. This road was thus a point of passage attended enough for the trade but also for the foreign troops. This road existed probably already time of the Romans for the transport of the salt which forwarded by the two valleys of City or Lièpvre. This road was improved by Fulrad in 757 with the agreement of Pépin the Brief. Later, and as of the 16th century this road was deferred on Holy-Marie-with-Mines by climbing the collar, but elsewhere than the current road built in 1761.

Some antiquities found in the immediate surroundings of Lièpvre

Among the antiquities found in the immediate surroundings of Lièpvre, it is necessary to announce a loop of belt in Or which was unearthed with 6 feet of depth by a peasant of Rombach-the-Franc by plowing its field in June 1820. It sold this belt to a goldsmith of Holy-Marie-with-Mines which recognized that it was out of gold of Ducats and of a weight of five Gold louis. This last sent it to Strasbourg and asked for of it the sum of five hundred francs. This invaluable object is today with the National library with Paris. On the plate of this loop one sees an ancient head around which the word Victorinus is engraved and with the four corners are engraved florets. If we question the history, we know that Victorinus was a valiant general of the Roman armies, tyrant of the Gaulle S in 265 of the Christian era which was assassinated in 268. He was the son of famous the Victorine, called the heroin of the Occident which being put at the head of a certain number of Roman Légions, fought Gallien, which did not have a more frightening enemy. This belt was probably lost at the time of a combat which would have been delivered by the Roman troops in the Val of Lièpvre. Another object of a less old date and which has a relationship with the famous priory of Lièpvre was found in September 1821 in a field close to the road which goes to the Haut-Koenigsbourg. It is a cross in Bronze in the shape of Maltese cross which was undoubtedly lost by a monk of the Prieuré, as seems to indicate it the ring which was used for suspending it and which is broken. On one of the faces of this cross a capped bishop of a miter with the sword with the hand prosecuting of the riders is represented which flee in disorder in front of him; above the words the crux sanct Udalrici are engraved. The other face represents a monk with a book with the hand and above one reads the words S.P. Benedictus. These inscriptions as well as the feat of arms which one sees on this cross bring back perfectly to the life Saint-Ulrich bishop of Augsburg which after having managed its évêché during long years and driven out in 925 by the Hungarians who besieged Augsburg was withdrawn at the end of its life in a convent Benedictine. Another medal was found in early September 1845 close to Lièpvre. It was out of bronze of round form and the size of a part of five francs. On a side one finds a monk in prayers and other this same monk carried by two angels. We do not know only it time dates this medal.

Periods of war

The war of 1870

During the day of the August 23rd 1870, disturbances in all kinds in the loader-gates, resulting from the war, extended in all the valley: the railway which had just been inaugurated for a few years is not any more in service. The service of the dispatches must be done again like formerly by ordinary car through the roads of the mountains, and the mail often puts three or four days to arrive at destination. In the same way the newspapers coming from Paris spend several days to arrive in the valley. The August 25th 1870, an inhabitant of Lièpvre makes the following account: encircled, so to speak, from all shares, we receive neither coal any more, nor wool. Nothing any more arrives. We are as with the sequestration. Our neighbors of the Val of City are not on beds of pinks, far from it! The castle of Mister de Castex was devastated. The Prussians very broke, letting run wine floods in the cellars. It is ensured me that several inhabitants of Neubois, Thanvillé and Saint-Maurice were shot. All the populations of these localities take refuge in Lièpvre. It is really sad to see. Last Saturday, one counted at least 300 families come from the Valley of City. The women and the children are turned over in their villages, but the men did not follow them there, in fear of be constrained by the Prussians to work with distinct of the seat of Strasbourg. Until now the Prussians did not press yet the ground of the Haut-Rhin; they come until the limits from the the Low-Rhine and not further. The peasants of the Val of City killed with Prussians 50 to 60 soldiers, also the enemy is it mad against them. It is ensured that it killed even out of the children. It is added that the Prussians received a reinforcement of 1500 men to the Valley of City, and that they claim 1000 French citizens to work with distinct of Strasbourg. That is not any more one joke to be forced to work against of the brothers, or to die like cowards, because nobody has of weapons. After the annexation of Alsace to the German Empire in 1871, the industrialists of the valley must find new outlets, because the goods exported towards the France are heavily taxed. In order to compensate for the loss of the French customers, the Dietsch brothers who had a factory in Lièpvre launch in the manufacture of cloths for men's clothes. At the insurmountable prices of efforts, they install mechanical workshops of weaving or will work of many clothiers. This adaptation to economic reality will be advantageous for them, since this decision will enable them to rise with an high level of perfection. The production is past in priority towards the German market, but also towards Europe. To keep important French customers, the Dietsch brothers will create another factory with Saint-Dié. Its director, Jacques Dietsch who had preserved French nationality will reside sometimes at Saint-Dié or Paris.

The First World War

August first 1914 is given the order of general mobilization. The military authorities require of the population to trench close to the border. Any correspondence with the France or the Russia is removed. The 21e French army corps penetrates in the the Vosges and reached the collars in order to observe the positions of the German army. On the other side of the border, on the Alsatian slope the 15th German army corps in fact of the same. The French government not wanting to be marked to be responsible for the operations of release of military operations asks the French troops to move away from the border. The Germans will benefit from it to occupy the collars and to discuss the heights. German patrols on several occasions make incursions on the French territory, without the French Army not counteracting. However of small French detachments, in spite of the formal prohibition of the authorities, patrol the collar of Holy-Marie-with-Mines. August 3rd 1914 a first fixing intervenes between French and German patrol craft. A French soldier, No5el Desprets will find death above the collar of Holy-Marie-with-Mines. The same day at 5 p.m., the Germany declares the war with the France. The France cancels its former device which wanted that its army does not give an opinion close to the border and withdraws itself there with less than five km inside its borders. The “blue” line of the the Vosges becomes the objective to reach to release the old provinces annexed since 1871. The first skirmishes start thus in the sector is. The Germans are dislodged of the peak of the the Vosges and some French detachments are even able to thread in the valley, but however are dislodged by the Germans. The engagements continue the following days which are always also fatal. On Monday, August 10 the Germans requisition all the valid men of Holy-Cross-with-Mines and Lièpvre to transport cases of ammunition to the face. A part moves towards the Drop of Apples, others are obliged to bury deaths with the collar of Holy-Marie-with-Mines. August 14th, the Bavarian ones four thousand come in reinforcement settle in Lièpvre. They are confined at the inhabitant who must nourish them. Patrols circulate as of 8 p.m. and stop people by threatening them. August 16th 1914 Ernest Chamley is named mayor of Lièpvre. August 16th the French manage to bore the frontlines and arrive on all the sides. The French Alpine hunters arrive at the station of Holy-Marie-with-Mines and prolong their offensive until Holy-Cross-with-Mines which they reach with 19:30. The first French hussards arrive at Lièpvre on August 17th. The following day they fall into a ambush from the Bavarian troops in the forest from Vancelle - Neubois. French loses to 78 men and German 45. August 18th the infantry gives an opinion around Lièpvre. August 19th early the Bavarian ones take again Lièpvre. After midday they go to Musloch where they set fire to five farms under the pretext which one drew on them. The town hall sets up a sanitary service to help the casualties. The Dietsch factory is requisitioned to be used as hospital. Beds there are installed. One requisitions the cars to bring back the casualties, then part of estropiés is evacuated towards Holy-Cross-with-Mines. The young girls of the village place themselves at the disposal of the travelling dispensary to look after the casualties. On August 26th 1914 of the quantities of cars of ammunition and various German battalions passed by Lièpvre to go on the face towards Holy-Marie-with-Mines where were held violent one engagements. Many exhausted soldiers are dealt with by the population. The following days, the German troops manage to bore the French offensive and to give an opinion inside the French territory.

Shortages

The war being prolonged, the inhabitants have more and more evil to join the two ends because of considerable increase of the prices and the shortage. In February 1915 the ration of bread is fixed at 2 kg per anybody and week. In February 1916 the ration is reduced to 1900 grams. Because of starchy food addition in the composition of the flour, the quality of the bread becomes increasingly bad. The meat is also restricted. Towards 1917 each person is entitled to 150 grams per week, then one year later the quantity is reduced to 50 grams. Since 1915 the Germans requisition in each farm the skins of the cattle, then the old tires and tubes tire are recovered. From 1916 one attends a shortage of milk and one removes the distribution of oil. In February the textile factories working for the army German are held to send their raw material in Germany and not to use them for the machines. In May the Germans require that the peasants give half of their cattle to the Germany. In April 1917 the church of Lièpvre is held to descend its bells to be molten in order to manufacture new weapons which will be returned on January 20th 1920. The same year the fuels become increasingly rare and especially inaccessible for the majority of the inhabitants of the valley. Inflation becomes gallopping and this situation will be worsened in 1918.

The armistice

October 28th 1918 the Germans accept the 14 points of Wilson of which one prescribed the return of the Alsace and the Lorraine to the France. The Germans start to evacuate gradually the valley of the Liepvrette. The very whole valley prepares to accommodate with joy the French troops and of the Tricolours are made with haste and in secrecy. November 7th the Germans start to withdraw the weaponry. November 10th of the rumors arrive according to which Kaiser abdicated and that the Germans accepted the clauses of the armistice. The following days the German troops leave the valley. They take the train with Lièpvre which moves to Ribeauvillé then towards Schonau where they cross the Rhine. November 17th French starts to appear in the valley by taking the way of the Hingrie. They occupy Lièpvre the same day. November 30th, the Général Middle-class man, originating in Holy-Marie-with-Mines becomes military governor of Strasbourg. November 15th 1925 takes place the inauguration of the war memorial of Lièpvre in the presence of the eminent personages of the valley. This monument will be set up in memory of the 48 people originating in Lièpvre died on the field of honor as well as the 6 civilian victims. Witnessed this inaugural ceremony, the Général Middle-class man, senator of the Haut-Rhin and former mayor of Holy-Marie-with-Mines, the general of Armau de Puydraguin, chair French Memory of Alsace, the Général Tabuis, ordering it Loth and Under prefect of Ribeauvillé, Mister Francis Koenig, general adviser, the mayors of Holy-Cross-with-Mines and Rombach-the-Franc. Among the personalities of Lièpvre one notes the presence of Mr Dietsch, industrialist and other people of the commune.

The second world war

French will install a stopping at the entry of Lièpvre with machine-guns a Mortier and a cheniette (tank). The German occupy Lièpvre as of on June 19th 1940 which is at once renamed " Leberau". Administrative staff is replaced by men devoted to the cause of the National-socialisme. The mayors and members of Parliament are held to resign their mandates starting from March 19th 1941. The teachers must follow training courses of ideological Propagande ( Umschulung ). The civils servant must sign a declaration of allegiance to the Nazi regime. The French language is banished of all the schools. The French move back in direction of the collar of Fouchy while making jump the road on the level of the turn behind the locality called Rochette. The road becomes impracticable then. To circumvent the obstacle, German goes then towards the small valley of the Hingrie where still elements of the French Army are. A heavy fire accommodates the German troops which counteract. But the Germans take the top at once and entirely control the small valley of the Hingrie. Rombach-the-Franc and Lièpvre is entirely between their hands. A decree of August 2nd 1940 place the whole of the civil administration under the German military authority which names then the Gauleiter Wagner. The Alsace is attached in fact to the " Gau de Bade ". The Gauleiter Wagner expels as of on June 21st 1940 the prefect of the Haut-Rhin and its principal collaborators. All the French administrations are attached to the German administrations. German becomes obligatory as of on August 16th 1940 except in the French-speaking Alsatian villages where German courses are exempted as of September 1940. French is tolerated in the French-speaking areas of Alsace, until January 1st 1943. December 16th 1940 the inhabitants of the valley considered to be too francophile by the Germans, or of motor disabilities or mental are expelled in free zone. The Alsace and the the Moselle are annexed by the German Reich on November 28th 1940.

As of the German occupation some inhabitants of the commune not accepting this occupation start to assemble operations of sabotage to slow down the fulgurating projection of the enemy troops. Some inhabitants act in concert to bring their assistance to the required people. Clandestine networks are set up. Lièpvre will become a point of fall for the many Alsatian ones which does not want to engage in the German army, but also for the runaways and prisoner of war. In dialog with inhabitants of Rombach-the-Franc, distant borough of hardly of 2 km with Lièpvre of the dies will be set up. Inhabitants of the Hingrie and Small bedroom will be used as relay for many operation of repatriation in the free zone in agreement with inhabitants of Lièpvre who guide them to the mountain. The majority of the escaped prisoners find refuge to the coffee “With the green tree” held by Louis Balland and his Lucie wife, just as at the restaurant “With the Gold barrel” whose owner is Raymond Baradel and his Irma wife. Auguste Hinsinger de Lièpvre will guide also prisoners through the small paths of Rombach-the-Franc to place them in place on in trustworthy persons. The prisoners or the fugitive ones wanting to escape the obligatory conscription will have recourse to frontier runners or clandestine dies. With the introduction of the RAD ( Reichsarbeitsdienst = national service of work) authoritatively imposed on May 8th 1941 for the boys and the girls from 17 to 25 years, follow-up of the obligatory military service ( Wehrpflicht ) on August 28th 1942 most of the population rocks in the passive resistance. Young people as from 1941 hardly have illusions on the motivations of the Nazi regime. They know that the RAD is the prelude to incorporation in the Wehrmacht. One witnesses many desertions then. But to counter the desertions, the families of the deserters are considered to be collectively responsible according to an ordinance of October 1st 1943 and are likely to be off-set. From Lièpvre about thirty young people will escape while going in free zone or hiding in farms from the area. At the beginning called decided to refuse an escape towards France, but they were constrained to admit the obviousness, being prone to the martial law and the capital punishment. Those which refused to carry the German uniform were carried out, their seized goods and their families very often off-set in Silesia or East Germany. The recruits are generally sent on the Russian Face where trouvenut already members of the L.V.F (Légion of the French Volunteers) which fights the Communists in Russia. Russian not making any difference between French of the enlisted LVF and the Alsatian ones in force in the Wehrmacht, regards them as traitors and killed systematically them or made them captive. Often they atterissaient in the camp of Tambow, so known like the N°188 camp, located at 430 km in the south east of Moscow. at the beginning a certain number of prisoners are divided in Bielorussia, Siberia and others in Central Asia. A regrouping on Tambow was done later on. Thousands of families lost any trace of their sons or their fathers in the most complete anonymity. On 120 young built-in people of force for the only village of Lièpvre, 25 of them will never return.

Operations of entertainment for berner the enemy

Henri Hinsinger de Lièpvre had a former comrade of the regiment, Alsatian which had entered to the service of the gestapo. One evening whereas it was in Lièpvre to locate the places, Hinsinger invited it to drink a good bottle at the restaurant " With the barrel of Or" held by Raymond Baradel who put himself at the service of resistance. The owner of the restaurant found abnormal the frequent incursions of the Gestapo into the area It tried to know some a little more while asking his friend Hinsinger to question his former companion for " he to draw the worms from the nez". With the first bottle, one second follow-up the discussion became frankly merry. Benefitting from cordial environment, the wife of the restorer seized discreetly the satchel of the police officer who had remained in a corner. Mrs Baradel and her sister opened it and discovered a long list of names of people of the area who were to be stopped the following following day and days. Very upset, it was used another bottle for the police officer to make it possible to prolong the conversation and thus to make it possible her sister to recopy all the names of the people having to be stopped on July 10th 1942. But a neighbor, Mr. Schaetzel is warned and immediately will inform all the people who are indicated on the list of the arrests. Thus, thanks to the courage of these two women all the suspects could make provisions to escape the raids of the gestapo, except Robert Herment of Holy-Cross-with-Mines. It was sent to the camp of Schirmeck where it remained more than two years. One of the workmen of the sawmill of Andre Ottenwaelder of the Val of City domiciled in Lièpvre convoyait regularly escaped prisoners until Rombach-the-Franc until the " Coffee of Paix" of the husbands Joseph War. With the beginning of the German occupation one attends in the valley a true chain of solidarity to come to assistance of the people continued by the civil authorities and soldiers related to the Nazi regime. Sure and effective hiding places are set up and of many isolated people lodge and nourish many escaped prisoners and fugitive. In the area of Lièpvre an inhabitant had made dig in the forest of the underground galleries being able to shelter about thirty people.

Release of Lièpvre by the American troops

German resistance giving much wire to retordre, the Americans decide to circumvent the obstacle while moving towards the plain of Alsace in order to take with reverse the troops Nazis hidden in Lièpvre. Two battalions of the 36e division of infantry under the command of the general lieutenant Alexander Mr. Patch will cross the valley: 3/142 located at the south and the 2/142 located at north. The 142 Nd Infantery Regiment will be charged “to clean” the sector to make it possible the American troops to take the control of Lièpvre. This division is ordered by general Major John E. Dahlquist. The Vosgean Massif in November 1944 was well kept and constituted for the Americans a true obstacle still complicated by the rigors of the winter. The rain, the cold, the fog and snow in altitude will block the progression of the American troops. In addition the Liepvrette was in rising. On Tuesday, November 28 1944 an American battalion skirting the Taennchel arrives at Schaentzel, then seizes by surprised the castle the Haut-Koenigsbourg. It is an ideal observation post to supervise the entry of the valley of Liepvrette. Wehrmacht will try by all the means of taking again this high symbol of the German presence in Alsace. As of on November 26th another American unit begins towards the way of the Hollow-Oak and the Martin Drop to discuss the heights of Grandmont and of the Small bedroom from where they hope to take with reverse the troops Wehrmacht established with Rombach-the-Franc and Lièpvre. The German staff had chosen Lièpvre like strategic point for his zone of defense. A unit of pontonniers, l'" Einheit Bahr" since October 1944 had arrived to reinforce the defense system with the assistance of troops coldly unloaded for this purpose. They will form two anti-tank stoppings. The first of a hundred meters cut the valley over all its length since the Keck sawmill to the way of the Hollow-meadows. The other stopping was located at the suburb of Sélestat. One also belongs to the barrides, in the suburb of Holy-Marie-with-Mines and on the road of Rombach-the-Franc and in the village even with the crossing of the street Clemenceau and the street of the station. A line of defense making it possible to follow the troop movements easily is built starting from the Bresch factory. It passes by the hill of Kast in-top of the Chalmont and the entry of the national forest of Vancelle and the suburb of Sélestat. Another cutting off is arranged on the slope opposed to Ménabois like downstream from Wood-the Abbess. A few days before the release of Lièpvre the Americans try to touch the German PC installed with the " Dietsch" country cottage;. Shootings large gauge damage the school and other houses but do not achieve their goal. In the night from November 26th to 27th of the German units arrived in reinforcement go to Musloch to delay the advance of the American troops. They blow up the large bridge which spans the Liepvrette out of withdrawing Re of the hamlet. In the morning of November 28th 1944, American come from the Small bedroom gives an opinion in Collinière from where they ram the positions defended by the Germans cut off in Kast. The Americans however manage to smash the lines of defense German established in the village of Lièpvre, but are stopped by broad and deep distinct. Around 10 a.m. a company of the American genius establish a metallic bridge and try to take with reverse the German positions cut off in Kast. The Americans undergo many losses caused by fires nourished of mortars and lance grenades. To manage to loosen the vice, the Americans put in action batteries of Mortier S. sudden Lièpvre of large damage. One still attends during the night of November 28th sporadic shootings. The village is finally released only the next morning with 6:30. The village does not have any more electricity. It will be necessary to await the beginning of the year 1945 so that the village finds the light again.

The building of the town hall since the Revolution

This building already in function at the time of the revolution knew many transformations since 1789. Before this date, it was occupied by the communal shepherd and was used as point of fall with notable of the village which met starting from 1790 there, with the " bourgeois" commune, to write and sign a request of 28 pages intended for the new National Assembly with Paris. In 1782, the two new fire pumps bought with Kress foundry foreman of Ribeauvillé are already stored in the hallier of the pumps, with the back of the building. These pumps are posed on small limonière carriages with four wheels. On largest of the pumps, is represented an engraving of the Holy-Family and Saint Nicolas's Day is painted on smallest. In autumn 1792, urgent repairs are carried out in the common house: repair of an apartment for the body of guard, the roof and the classroom. This same year, in September, the registry office integrates the town hall and from now on will be held by the municipal body, competence before exerted by the church and the priest Louis Guérand. The commune is thus seen entrusting attributions which up to that point concerned the clergy. Work is undertaken in 1813 on the floor: restoration of the big room who is used for the Christian instruction and the installation of a small housing for the teaching sister. In 1824, one can reach the hall at the ground floor of the town hall by two external doors, a door side main street and a door east coast. The ground floor is composed of a body of guard, a storeroom, a dungeon, a kitchen and two rooms. With the back, the deposit of the fire pumps with a stable and latrines. On the floor, always the big room, grafts it and them files. This same year, an important work program is launched, namely: pose sandstone flagstones with the hall, paving of the kitchen, remade staircase with nine, repaired frame and cover altered completely, hallier of the pompres remakes completely, coatings and washing of the ceilings, masonry, work of joinery, iron work and painting. In April 1793, this building is the seat of the National guard which has just been created in 2 companies of 77 men. Later, in 1831, this one will include/understand a first company of 120 men, a second of 140 men and 106 reservists. The town hall will be also the witness and the place, on February 18th 1798, of the festival of the sovereignty of the people celebrated by all the inhabitants with solemnity. May 26th 1834, the hallier of the pumps being next to the back of the town hall is the prey of the flames with 24 houses of the district which will be completely destroyed. The National guard had difficulties in control this gigantic fire, the material of help having burned. In March 1835, it is decided in urgency the repairing of the set fire to hallier of the pumps, with the aspect which one knows nowadays, namely the ground floor with the large one carries arched east coast, a curved small door and 2 ventilators Northern side (currently the cabinet of the mayor) and stages it with its five windows. A ball of rejoicing is given in 1848 to the town hall at the time of the festival of the celebration of the secular birthday of the handing-over of Alsace to France. In 1850, for measurements of hygiene and public health, it is decided to make pave all the draining ditches around the common house where the market is held. In autumn 1877, under the mayor longest in function, Jean-Baptiste Hake (28 years), a restoration of the town hall is undertaken with construction, east coast, of a market for market hall with its paving. End of the year 1926, this market of market hall is dismounted to allow work of enlarging of the town hall. Above a new market, with the same site, are envisaged the new buildings of the secretariat of town hall and the savings bank and, in the roofs, the rooms of the porter. This great work program approved on July 27th 1926 envisages the demolition, the carcass work, the prolongation of the frame, rough-casting, joinery, plaster works and the iron work. A public bathroom is envisaged at the ground floor, on the right, before the new staircase and above the handing-over of the fire pumps, the room of music which is accessible by an external passage in overhang. The configuration of this new building will be maintained in its great part until April 30th 2005 before the new complete reorganization which we know today. Some renovation works will be carried out in 1966, whose total repair of the room of the meetings and in 1979, of work at the ground floor following the transfer of the room of the engineering services (old body of guard) to the new workshop places old station, as well as the change of the cover and the rough-casting of the external walls in 1983. The town hall, during these centuries, will be the gathering point of all the patriotic demonstrations, the various receptions and the great inaugurations. June 17th 1940, into full unfastens, colonel Victor Bouchon of the 242e regiment of infantry will install her headquarters to the town hall in order to accommodate part of its regiment which will try to constitute a " verrou" with the entry of the valley. The town hall will be also the witness of two great official visits: that of Raymond Poincaré, president of the republic accompanied by his successor Alexandre Millerand, police chief-general in Alsace - Lorraine on August 20th 1919, the shortly after the first world war, and that of Valery Giscard d'Estaing, president of the republic on March 28th 1976. The inauguration of the new building of the town hall proceeded under the presidency of the mayor Claude Ruff Sunday, December 3 2006 and the new buildings are operational since Thursday, December 7 of this same year.

Administration

The Files of Meurthe & the Moselle (= AM) preserve a certain number of titles where the former mayors of Lièpvre are mentioned. The date placed compared to each name is that of the character registered in a document and further the dimension from the document where it is mentioned:

• Bernerius (knight) mayor of Lièpvre, listed in 1138

• Jean de Larue - 1441 - (Files of Meurthe & the Moselle G 393)
• Jean Martin, lord of the manor - 1469 - (AM G.397)
• Jean Dohan - 1473 (AM G.394)
• Flowered Haup - 1519 (AM B.955, n°4)
• Guillaume Gerard - 1534 - (AM B.952 n°44)
• Antoine Liègois - 1538 - (AM B.9540)
• Bastien Ferry - named in 1541 (AM B.952, N°45 and B.9540)
• Jean Mangin - 1571 - (AM B.9546)
• Jean Itch Hans - 1586 - (AM B.954, N°44)
• Hans Fels - 1600 - (AM 954, N°46)
• Jean Laurent - 1619,1630 - (AM G.400)
• Daniel Maurice - Named on November 20th, 1633 (AM B.109, fol.177)
• Pierre Fournier, superintendent of the Valley of Lièpvre - Named on December 5th, 1633 (AM B.109, fol.178)

Political tendencies

August 1st

Budget and taxation

August 1st

Twinning

Saint-Sylvestre-on-Batch (Lot-et-Garonne) since 1992

The signature of the oath of twinning between the two friendly villages took place with Lièpvre on May 24th, 1992 and Saint-Sylvestre-on-Batch on August 30th 1992. The signatories are Rene Lalbat, mayor of Saint-Sylvestre-on-Batch and chair joint committee of this commune like Georges Coudert, mayor of Lièpvre and Michel Velcin, first president of the joint committee of Lièpvre. It should be recalled that a major regard reigns between the two provinces since the contacts made in April 1990 on the initiative of Doctor Guy Naudo, vice-president of the Département of Haut-Rhin and honorary mayor of Lièpvre and Martine Laiguesse born Laurent, then municipal adviser of Lièpvre and originating in Villeneuve-sur-Lot. At the time of the fiftieth birthday of the exodus of 1940, the general advice plans to support twinnings between the communes of Haut-Rhin and those of Lot-et-Garonne where many Alsatian were taken refuge. Alain Weiss is president of the joint committee since July 1st 1996. Every two years, of the official exchanges take place, thus making it possible to weave strong bonds between these two communes. There exists since 1998 a street of Saint-Sylvestre-on-Batch in Lièpvre and since 2004 a street of Lièpvre with Saint-Sylvestre-on-Batch.

Demography

• provisional population for 2005: 1.733

Population pyramid

August 1st At March 8th 1999, Lièpvre counted 1632 inhabitants (802 men and 830 women), that is to say a density of 130 inhabitants to the km ². The population is in constant increase. Between 1999 and 2005 the common one gained 101 inhabitants and since 1975, 213 inhabitants. With the economic crisis of the Sixties, many often young inhabitants, left the commune to go to seek work in the plain. The tendency now seems to be reversed with the arrival of townsmen come from the large metropolises which aspire to find the calm one and some to better live. Currently the elderly of more than 60 years still represent the greatest percentage of the population of Lièpvre. In second position less than 20 years 24,9% of the population compared with 25,3% in the department represent. A number relatively relatively low have a work in the commune, in particular with the Schmidt Kitchens and the industrial Wood park the Abbess. Another part of the population goes in the other communes of the department, in particular with Sélestat, Colmar, Strasbourg or Saint-Dié.

Variation of the population between 1990 and 1999

Men: 49,1% (National average: 7,7%) Women: 50.9% (National average: 51.4%)

Housing

August 1st

Places and monuments

Cross and martyrdoms of Lièpvre

See also: Cross and martyrdoms of Lièpvre

Old fountain

Located on the place of the same name along the street Clemenceau, draws up a formed well of two massive pillars, assembled by a kind of cross-piece carrying the date of 1550 (obviously engraved afterwards). No particular seal. This fountain fed seems it in Eau one of oldest the district of Lièpvre. Its site of origin is not exactly known. However, according to an old drawing of J. Stumpf of the medium of the XIXe century, the fountain was located in front of the Mairie.

Vault/ossuary

Beside the church of the Assumption of Lièpvre, in the cemetery, is a vault Romance of the end of the 11th century but transformed at the 17th century into ossuary with twinned windows, columns and port in semicircular arch. It was known formerly under the name of vault of the Mass grave. The historians reminds to us that it was built towards the end of XIe century. To the XVII E century it was repaired and modified. The warheads of its two doors come from the cloister of Bénédictins.Dans this ossuary one deposited craniums of deaths religieusement unearthed. Formerly, at the XIXe century a procession was organized, to the Mass grave. Later the Mass grave became a vault of the Anguish of divine Maître and with time the small vault was forsaken and was not used any more for the worship of deaths. In 1922, the municipal council decided to restore the small vault. It was covered outside rough-casting thus giving to the monument a clearer and more pleasant aspect with the sight. Thereafter, of generous givers allowed to renovate the interior walls and the pavement to make a commemorative vault of it. It was to recall to the future generations the memory Great Wars and paternal recognition of God, who, in a visible way had protected the commune of Lièpvre which was so often threatened. Two marble plates fix this memory. The vault preserves its old seal of the time. The commemorative and restored vault was blessed on October 17th, 1922. This vault was classified historic building on March 22nd, 1934 (ministerial decision: MH1934/03/22).

The tombstone of Eckerich

It comes from the old vault of the priory of Lièpvre where the tomb of the Lords of Echery was. The flagstone then was transferred in 1790 outside the parish church built in 1756. It was moved in 1843 when one changed furnace bridge and placed outside, against the wall of the church, then in 1862 deposited in the cemetery of the village. Exposed to the bad weather, the inscriptions which decorated the tombstone frayed gradually and became almost illegible. The tomb contained the remainders of the last lord of Echerich died in 1381. The tombstone is since September 1998 exposed inside the church of Notre-Dame of Assomption.Sur the tombstone one can still see an inscription eroded with time written in German: " Hie ligent die von Eckeric und ruwent in Gottes friden " = " Ici is buried those of Echery and rests in the peace of God " (For a more complete biography of Eckerich to see Holy Cross-with-Mines)

The baptistry

The baptistry which is currently inside the Parish church composes of two old chapitaux of Romance style superimposed one on the other with rich ancient sculptures of figures. The basin that they support is of hexagonal form of more recent date and without decoration. A small attentive glance lets to us see on the foot of the bodies of dragons and fish; a reversed human head that a child touches, bellow the combat of an human being with a dragon, Sagittarius such as it sees in the representations of the Zodiac, the ornaments, etc. The two stones are out of red sandstone of the Vosges and belong to XIe century or later to XIIe century. This baptistry seems to apprtenir at the first ages of the ornament Christian woman.

Cross of the Priory

This sandstone cross of the Vosges of XIVe century was found during work of enlarging of the factory " Cook Schmidt" who is today on the old site of the priory Saint-Alexandre. This cross found during work was given to the parish of Lièpvre by the leaders of the company. This cross is with two faces and had initially been placed outside the church. Not to undergo the ravages of time, it was placed inside the church behind the porch.

Vault of Musloch

This vault is placed under the invocation of Notre-Dame of Crowned Heart and placed opposite the old school. It has even a cellar and would have been built on the site of an old house destroyed by a fire in 1903. This one would have even been used as inn during the Revolution. The vault is inaugurated Monday of the Pentecost in 1905 by the Legay priest.

Old terminals of the Saint-Georges chapter of Nancy

There still exists with the locality of Vaurière, between Rombach-the-Franc and Lièpvre, close to the brook, four terminals gone back to 1680 hammered of an abbey stick and letter S.G. (= Holy Georges). The terminal n°31 is in Kast towards the path which goes up to the Chalmont. These terminals which were undoubtedly more numerous at the time, delimited the grounds which belonged to the priory of Lièpvre and since 1502 to the chapter of collegial the Saint-Georges of Nancy. These terminals were installed about 1680. Between Lièpvre and Châtenois, in extreme cases of the Département of the Low-Rhine the terminal n°68 was representing on its western part the abbey stick of Saint-Georges, on the northern side the lion of Sélestat and on the south-eastern side the chestnut of Châtenois.Cette terminal is located close to the brook coming from the village from Vancelle forming the limit between the departments from the Low-Rhine and the Haut-Rhin and the sand and stone quarries. This stone-limits which had been brought back by Victor Kuentzmann in 1911 seems more not to exist. It indicated the year 1797. During the revolution, in 1789, the emblems of the Lords or other emperors who had been hammered on these stones were damaged.

Frescos of the 13th century under the vault of the bell-tower of the church

The February 6th 2004 were updated almost by chance, during the renovation work of the church of Notre-Dame of the Assumption, of the frescos which could date from the 13th century. It is during the scouring of the ceiling, that the workmen discover under a layer of plaster part of the frescos representing the evangelists Saint Marc, Saint Mathieu, Saint Jean and Saint Luc as that was seen regularly with the Middle Ages. One distinguishes under the plaster part of a lion and seems it also a bull. For the remainder nothing very precise because contours was strongly damaged during the boring of the vault at the time of the requisitions of the bells. These paintings are under the vault of the old vault at the entry of the porch of the current church. These frescos were renovated, but alas were seriously damaged in 1917 at the time of the requisition of the bells of the church by the Germans. One thus finds nothing any more but part of these old frescos. Sunday April 2nd 2006, the bells of the Notre-Dame church of the Assumption sounded with any flight to announce the large-mass during which was to be inaugurated the entry of the church, formerly Romance chorus of the building, restored after twenty years of work which made it possible to update the vestiges of the Romance church: vôutement chorus, diaphragm and frescos. At the origin, the chorus and the furnace bridge of the celebration were turned towards raising like it wanted the tradition and it is following aggrandissement successive that they were moved on the other hand. It is thus to make revive a 250 years past that it was decided to give again temporarily but with solemnity its old destination with what is now the entry of the church. The father Bernard Schutz, priest of Lièpvre and Rombach-the-Franc, the father Marcel Ehrhardt who was cleaned of Lièpvre during 14 years and the canons Aloyse Kieffer and Joseph Burel celebrated the office. This festival was single, the last time that one celebrated the mass thus it was there is nearly 260 years.

Fountain Saint-Alexandre

The fountain Saint-Alexandre was discovered completely by chance in 1987 in the south of the village to the locality of Raincorne. They are children of Lièpvre while having fun to build a small stopping who made this unexpected discovery. They updated old a puit which dates the top Moyen-âge, perhaps even of the time of the abbot Fulrad. This fountain supplied a tank which was located in the enclosure even priory. One finds the name of the source of Saint-Alexandre in the old titles of the Middle Ages whose water was considered to cure the diseases of the eyes. To the Moyen-âge of the pilgrims came from the plain of Alsace and the Vosges to collect some mouthfuls of this invaluable and miraculous water. This old fountain Saint-Alexandre was built by the monks of the Prieuré of Lièpvre who made use of sound Eau thanks to a drain pipe of 600 meters worked in wood using a large gimlet and whose pipes were bored right through connected with scrap forged to the hand. The source of this fountain never dried up. Two doors in oak closed the entry of the sandstone water basin of a capacity of 1600 liters to preserve it dead sheets. Towards 1908, Mr Victor Kuentzmann former teacher of Lièpvre stated that the basin had been transferred to Bois the Abbess, but this one will return in the village of Lièpvre in 1990. This basin was then moved of 20 meters towards north in June 1990 to prevent that it is not buried by work of deviation of the Trunk road 59. The fountain bore the name of Alexandre in remembering the relics Saint-Alexandre pope and martyr whom the abbot Fulrad had reported of Rome in 763 like gift of the pope Paul Ier (757 - 767) brother of the pope Etienne II.

Stones of the priory

After the Revolution, the ruins of the priory were used a long time as career for the inhabitants of Lièpvre and Rombach-the-Franc. It is not thus astonishing to find in the village of Lièpvre, in the walls of the dwellings, the stones coming from the former priory of Lièpvre. Some of its stones still apparent or are drowned in the walls of the dwelling houses. The census of all these old stones was not made yet. One can observe some old stones in the following places:

• House close to the town hall: lintel located behind a house
• Assembling entry of a court located 64, rue Clemenceau
• House Wintemberger, 74 rue Clémenceau: stones located at the back of this house

Mill to be pressed

Some middle-class men of Lièpvre laid out with the Middle Ages (about 1591) several leaves to press cloths which were located at the edge of the rivers, often downstream from the priory, on a ground pertaining to the canons of Strasbourg against a silver royalty or in kind. Street of Hoimbach during the drainage works a stone coming from an old leaf to press was retouvée. It was evacuated by the company in charge of the cleansing, then recovered and brought back in front of the school of Lièpvre where it can be admired.

Personalities related to the commune

• Fulrad Abbot of the abbey of Saint-Denis and the priories of Lièpvre and Saint-Hippolyte Haut-Rhin

• Guy Naudo
• Paul Guth

To live in Lièpvre

Associations

There exists in Lièpvre a rich person associative fabric. Not less than sixteen associations which at least once organize the year of the meetings or animations in the village. Among these associations one can quote:

• Committee the festivals

• Vosgean Club
• Angling club
• Hearth Saint-Alexandre
• Sporting Club
• War veterans
• Shooting club
• Committee of cavalcade
• Choral society
• Donors blood
• Fabric committee
• Sport Culture and Leisures
• Genealogical and Heraldic Association of the Valley of Lièpvre
• Section head of the Sappers firemen
• Country art

Sport

Lièpvre has a team of handball, of football, tennis and of volley ball and fencing and organizes many sporting meetings in each one of these disciplines. For the practice of football a stage makes it possible to the followers of this disciple to be regularly involved to which come to join some inhabitants of the close village, Rombach-the-Franc.

Festivities and events

August 1st

• Committee of Calvacade de Lièpvre and Rombach-the-Franc : This carnavalesque demonstration takes place each year 3rd Sunday after the Shrove Tuesday. It is currently about one of the most important demonstrations with Lièpvre. The idea to organize a calvacade came in 1960. The beginnings remain however quite timid, but the dash is given. To perennialize this big demonstration, one calls upon the good wills. Some people meet in 1966 to give fresh impulse to this demonstration which started with péricliter. They are however only into 1980 that the " Friends of the nature" start again the calvacade again well timidly. In 1984, with the installation of a new stucture the organizers manage to align 45 folk tanks and groups. Since success is with go and the popularity of this demonstration was never contradicted since. It is today about the more big demonstration of Lièpvre which attracts always more spectacteurs of the valley and even of the plain of Alsace. Since 1987, the committee of the organizers of Calvacade extended itself to Rombach-the-Franc and the two villages now work hand in the hand to make this demonstration gravitational. The committee of the calvacade of Lièpvre-Rombach-the-Franc organizes each year, at the beginning of September, a flea market which enables him to collect part of the funds to organize this calvacade.

Teaching

Little story

The school instruction with Lièpvre seems very old. Almost all the Lorraine villages have schools as of the beginning of the XVIIIe century. The communities of the valley as well as the parishes did not miss resources, the population wished to reach the knowledge. The schools were then exclusively communal establishments which gave place to very few writings and functioned in a very summary way. One cannot say exactly to which date goes up the primary Education, for lack of documents. However, one mentions there the existence of a Schoolmaster in 1706 whereas the school of the village was managed by the Paroisse of Lièpvre. In addition we see that in 1762, that there is in Lièpvre not only one schoolmaster, but also a under-Master, which seems to indicate that there was many raises S. Each inhabitant was to pay a silver or rye remuneration which was proportional to its incomes, and in more each pupil was to pour a schooling regulated in the following way: a penny three sums of money for those which learn how to read, two pennies three sums of money for those which approach the Orthographe, the Calcul and the Chant. The Under-Master was to be able to also teach German, although Lièpvre formerly fassait part of the Duché of Lorraine. The class lasted obligatorily of the Saint Martin's day (November 11th) to the Saint-Georges (April 23rd). However the pupils who wished to continue their studies could do it without raising of prices. Generally the schoolmaster was also held to sound the Cloche S of the church, to sing with the offices of the Sunday and to go up the Horloge. He received for these services an additional remuneration. From 1750 a summary teaching is made in the large house belonging at that time to Mr Humbert, near the church. Following the separation of the Sex S consecutive on arrival of Religious, a school building intended for the Fille S is built as of 1823 in the street of the church. In 1864 a larger school is established in the village as in Musloch which accommodates forty pupils. The appendix of Musloch has a hangar. The school of Musloch is closed in 1950 because of the reduction in the pupils in the hamlet.

Secondary education today

The commune of Lièpvre which concerns the Academy of Strasbourg has only one mixed elementary school located on the road of Rombach-the-Franc. The courses given go from the elementary course to the middle price. Since the re-entry of September 2006 Lièpvre exempts nothing any more but monolingual teaching, the bilingual classes being exempted with Rombach-the-Franc which accommodates the pupils of the close village. From the 6th pupils are directed towards the college with Sainte Marie-with-Mines or the college with Sélestat. Others high follow courses in private school institutes to Ribeauvillé. To make it possible to the children to go to the various places a school bus service is organized each morning with buses in each village of the valley.

See too

• Common of Haut-Rhin

Bibliographies

• Albrecht, Karl: Rappolsteinisches Urkundenbuch, Vol.5, 1898, Colmar

• Belhomme (Humbert Father, dom) Historia Mediani in Assemble Vosago Monasterii, Argentorati, Ordinis sancti Benedicti, ex Congregation sanctorum Vitoni and Hidulfi (actore H.Belhomme), Argentorat (Strasbourg), sumptibus, J.R.Dusseckeri, 1724,469 pages
• Bourgeois, Jules: The Church of the priory of Lièpvre to the S - Review of Alsace, 1901, p. 232-241
Middle-class
• , Jules: Notes to be used for the history of the Valley of Lièpvre the 17th century, Accounts detached, Rixheim, F.Sutter and Co, 1910,78 pages
Middle-class
• , to Jules: Notes on two old bells of the Valley of Lièpvre- Bulletin of the Company for the conservation of the historic buildings of Alsace, 4 pages, 1897
Middle-class
• , Jules: The Church of the priory of Lièpvre to the S: Review of Alsace, 1901, p.232-241; 1902 p.252 S; 1904 p.449 S
• Büttner, H. Lothringen und Leberau - Westmärkische Abhandlung zur Moors und Volksforschung, 1941, t.1, p.59-84
• Brière, Leon: Donation of the territory of Andolsheims to the priory of Lièpvre by the Fulrade abbot - Review of Alsace, 1909, p.314-317
• Büttner, Heinrich: Lothringen und Leberau, Westmärkische Abhanslungen zur Moors und Volksforschung, t.5, 1941-1942, Kaiserslautern, p.59 with 84
• Cellarius E & E Editors: Chronicle of the acts of war of the valley of Holy-Marie-with-Mines 1914-1918 - Cellarius, Holy-Marie-with-Mines, 1919
• Coudert Georges, newspaper Alsace of April 7th, 2006, local page of the valley of co. Marie to the Mines
• D' Ayzac Félicie: History of the Abbey of Saint-Denis - imperial Printing works, Paris, 1861
• Degermann, Jules: The donation of Charlemagne to the priory of Lièpvre in 774 - Bulletin of the Company for the conservation of the historic buildings of Alsace, 1892,31 pages
• Delaborde, france and Small Dutaillis CH. - Collection of the acts of Philippe Auguste, king de France, volume II, Paris, 1943, n°543, p.92-93
• Denis, Philippe: Churches from Abroad in Rhenish countries (1358-1564), Paris, Beautiful letters, 1984
• Diebold, E. Sinaublatter vom Grenzstein. Gedischte und Bilder aus dem Lebertal, Markirch (co. Marie-with-Mines), E. and R. Cellarius, 1910,95 pages
• Dubruel, Marc (Father SJ). - Fulrad, archichapelain of the first Carolingian kings and abbot of Saint-Denis in France in: Review of Alsace, 1901 and 1902
• Dubruel, Marc (Father S.J) - Fulrad, abbot of Saint-Denis, Typ. F. Sutter & Co, Rixheim, H.Hüffel Bookstore, Colmar, 1902
• Dupraz: The kingdom of the Francs and the political ascendance of the mayors of the palate to the decline of VIIe century (656-680), 1948, Freiburg in Switzerland - (Evocation of the Wulfoald mayor, p.102)
• Duvernoy Emile, a Lorraine enclave in Alsace, 1912
• Doublet, Dom J. - History of the abbey of Denys Saint in France, Paris, 1625
• Giry, Athur: Bibliographic records on the files of the churches and monasteries of the Carolingian time, Editor: Emile Bubble, 1901
• Grandidier Ph.And. - New Works of Ph.And. Grandidier, volume 1, Colmar, 1865, Re-examined of Alsace
• Grandidier, abbot: History of the church of Strasbourg from the foundation of évêché to our days, volume 1,1775, Imprimerie Levrault, Strasbourg
• Gross, Rolf: Papsturkunden in Frankreich, Neue Folge, 9, Band Diözese Paris II, Abtei Saint-Denis, Gottingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1998,257 pages. (Abhandlung der Akademie der Wissenschaffen in Göttingen, Philologisch Historische Klasse, Dritte Folge, 225
• Herr.E - Bemerkenswerte Mittelalterliche Schenkungen in Elsass - Beiträge Zur Moors - Und Volkeskunde in Elsass-Lothringen. XXXIV. J.H.ED.Heitz & Mündel, Strassburg, 1908
• Knecht Jean-Paul: Lièpvre my village, Life and traditions with the passing of years, year 1988
• Kroeber, Auguste: Choice of the new parts. Charter of Fulrad, abbot of Saint-Denis, 777, Paris F. Didot brothers, 1856 - Library of the School of the Charters - Gift of the field of Ansulsisheim to the abbey of Lièpvre
• Kroeber, Auguste: Diploma of Lothaire, king de France with the priory of Lièpvre - Review of Alsace, 1868, p. 527-528
• Kroeber, Auguste: Choice of new parts. Charter of Fulrad, abbot of Saint-Denys, 777, Paris, F.Didot Brothers, 1856, Library of the school of the Charters - Gift of the field of Ansulsisheim to the abbey of Lièpvre
• Kuentzmann, Victor: The house of the dukes of Lorraine with Lièpvre, Elsassland, 1929, p. 77-78
• Kuentzmann, Victor: The memory of Charlemagne with Lièpvre, ZLH (= Elssas Land Lothringer Heimat), t.14, n° 7,1934, pp. 199-201
• Kuentzmann, Victor: The house of the dukes of Lorraine with Lièpvre, mein Elsassland, 1929, t.IX, p.77
• Kuentzmann, Victor: Cucufat saint, owner of the old parish church of Lièpvre and Holy-Cross-with-Mines until the 18th century, ELH, t.16, 1936, p.209-210
• Laiguesse Christian: mayors of Lièpvre since the Revolution, 1st part: 1789 to 1887, biography and chronology, 50 pages, years 2000 to 2003
• Laiguesse Christian: the inauguration of the war memorial of Lièpvre, news bulletin year 2005, pages 13,14 and 15
• Laiguesse Christian: the building of the town hall since the Revolution, news bulletin year 2006, pages 14 and 15
• Laguille, R.père Louis: History of the province of Alsace since Jules César until the marriage of Louis XV Roy de France and Navarre - Jean Renaud Doulssecker, Strasbourg 1724
• Langenbeck, Fritz: Studien zur elsässischen Siedlungsgeschichte Vom Weiterleben DER vorgermanischen Toponymy in deurschprachigen Elsass - I. Band - Verlag Konkordia AH, Bühl/Baden, 1967
• Lauer, Philippe: Collection of the acts of Charles III the Simple one, king de France, Paris, 1940, N°XLVII, p.103-105
• Jacques Loess: booklet of the 130e birthday of the body of the firemen of Lièpvre, year 1993, foreword of Christian Laiguesse
• Mabillon: Acta sanctorum ordinis sancti Benedicti Lutétiae Parisiorun, 1668-1701 - 9 volumes, Venetiis, 1733-1738
• Mabillon: Annals ordinis sancti Benedicti, Parisiis, 1703-1739, 6 volumes, Lucae, 1739
• Modeste de Saint-Amable, E. - holy Monarchy, Paris, 1670-1677
• Moppert E.F. & Pittard J.J. - Gold in the area of Lièpvre-Châtenois - Bulletin of the Industrial society of Mulhouse, 1938
• Picart, Benoit (the father): Ecclesiastical and political history of the city and the diocese of Toul, 1707
• Parisse, Michel: Saint-Denis and its goods in Lorraine and Alsace: Philological and historical bulletin up to 1610 of the Committee of historical and scientific work, 1967 - Act of the 92e National congress of the learned societies held with Strasbourg and Colmar, vol. 1 - Paris - National library, 1969
• Patris, Jean-Paul: The valley of Holy-Marie-with-Mines - the strange one and the marvellous one, Oberlin Editions, Strasbourg, 1990
• Rapp (abbot) - (former vicar of the diocese of Strasbourg), Saint-Fulrade, canon of Saint-Denis Prints E. Bauer, Strasbourg, 1883,258 pages
• Sitzmann, Edouard: Dictionary of biographies of the famous men of Alsace, Rixheim, Printing works F. Sutter 1 Co, 1910
• Stoclet, Alain: Around Fulrad of Saint-Denis (v.710-784) - High Medieval and modern Studies, Bookstore Droz S.A., Geneva, 695 pages, 1993 Late
• , Jules: Files of the Empire, Paperboards of the kings, 1866 (This book analyzes and publishes the charters of the Public records in the series K, known as of the " Monuments historiques". One finds the analysis of these parts relative to Lièpvre in the inventory of the " paperboards of the rois") Reprinting by Kraus Reprint in 1976. Introduction by L. Laborde (Inventories K 1 to 164)
• Tessier, Georges: Collection of the acts of Charles II the Bald person, volume II, (861-877), Paris, 1952
• Tribout de Morembert, H. - Fulrad in: Dictionary of French biography, Paris, 1979, collection 1436-1437
• Will, Robert: Historical data and archaeological on the Romance prieurale of Lièpvre, in: Alsatian review of archéologien of art and history, 28,1985, p.83-98
• Will, Robert: The stained glass of Charlemagne with Lièpvre. Evocation of a work of art disappeared, in: Book Alsatian of archeology, art and history 21,1978, p.87-101
• Wilsdorf, CH. : Destinies of the priory of Lièpvre until the year 1000 in: Directory of the Company of the friends of the library of Sélestat, p. 120-134, 1963

Work without name of author:

• Die Tage of Vier und fechsunszwanzigften februars 1844 in Leberthale, Zu Schlettstadt, EIB F. Helbig, Buchbruder - Strassburg, EIB Schmidt und Bruder und Mariakitch, EIB Gergard, Buchhanler, 30 pages (speaks about the flood with Lièpvre in 1844)

• the Messenger of the Vosges of August 23rd, 1910 (concerning the black days of the August 23rd and 25th 1870 with Lièpvre)

Associations

• genealogical and heraldic Company of the Valley of Lièpvre

• Committee of the Lièpvre-Rombach cavalcade the Franc

• Vosgean Club of Lièpvre and Rombach-the-Franc

External bonds

• Lièpvre on the site of the national geographical Institute
• Lièpvre on the site of INSEE
• Lièpvre on the site of Quid
• Localization of Lièpvre on a chart of France and communes bordering
• Plane on Lièpvre on Mapquest

Notes, sources and references

Random links:

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