Levallois-Perret (or Levallois) is a Ville of France, located in the department of the Hauts-de-Seine. It is a close relation Banlieue of Paris, in the North-West of this city; it occupies Right Bank of the the Seine.

Its inhabitants are the Levalloisiens . With more than 25.000 hab. /km ², Levallois holds the national record of density. It counts among the communes densément populated Europe. That being this data is to be relativized because Levallois has in fact the density of a Parisian district and owes especially the expansion of its population with the thickening of the central zone of the agglomeration of Paris.

The town of Levallois is prize winner of the Concours of the cities and flowered villages of France (4 flowers), from which it in addition recently obtained the national Grand Prix of fleurissement.

Levallois method in Levallois-Perret

Geology

The basement is made of a base of Granit and Schiste. It supports a tertiary layer of Craie a 500 meters thickness. The upper part of the basement located below the vegetable layer goes back to the Quaternaire. It is in this zone that the Engineer S Belgrand (which gave its name to a street), Martin and Reboux discovered bones of animals, among which elephant S, Mammouth S, Hippopotame S, Rhinocéros, tiger S, wolf S, Renne S, stag S…

Following the visit of the one of the many exploited sand pits with Levallois, these Geologist S and Préhistorien S could describe a method of size of the Silex called since Méthode Levallois ( cf will infra ).

See also: Island of the Bowl

Geography

The common of Levallois-Perret owes its name with its founders Nicolas Eugene Levallois and Jean-Jacques Perret, wine merchant and land speculator, for the first and creator of the first allotments of the city (1822), for the second. To believe Marie-Therese Morlet of it, author of a etymological Dictionary of the family names, Levallois would derive from the geographical term " val". The valley indicates, in Géomorphologie, a depression in the middle of a Synclinal. Laval, Levallois, the departments of the Valley-of-Marne and the Valley of Oise would divide the same etymological root thus.

Levallois occupies Right Bank of the the Seine. It is limited to north by Clichy, the east by the XVIIe district of Paris and to the south by Neuilly-sur-Seine. With the immediate surroundings of the Seine, the district S Face of Villiers, the Face-of-Seine and Collange have a Altitude (25 meters) which is the least low of the city. While progressing towards the east (Face of Paris, Eiffel, Face of Neuilly) and the Western Versant of the Colline of Montmartre altitude culminates on the other hand with 33 meters.

The quasi null depth of the Ground water in the districts which border the Seine makes them vulnerable to the Crue S which have on several occasions, inter alia in 1830 and 1910, affected the commune. These districts are profit today Prevention plan of the risk flood.

The septentrional part of the island of the Bowl belongs to the territory of Levallois. It shelters a Ruche R of which the production, the Miel of Levallois, fact part of the local culinary inheritance. Besides the bees appear in the armorial bearings of the city, even if the heraldic significance which is allotted to them returns to many the Industrie S present on the territory of the city at the turning of the century and until the years 1970.

Transport

  • Station the SNCF of '' Clichy-Levallois ''

  • Station of Pereire - Levallois: The RER line
  • Underground lines: bridge of Levallois-Bécon - Anatole France - Louise Michel
  • Lines of bus: The RATP
  • Noctilien (drunk of night)

History

Until its official creation in 1867, the history of Levallois-Perret merges with that of Clichy to which it was built-in. In 1215, the abbey of Saint-Denis, owner of the royal palace of Clichy, acquires a piece on the site known as of “the vine to the priests” to practice the vine growing there.

The project of a city on the site of Levallois-Perret is born in 1822 when Jean-Jacques Perret lance an operation of Lotissement by cutting down the territory by Neuilly-sur-Seine and Clichy, but its operation fails and it goes bankrupt. Nicolas Eugene Levallois takes again the allotments with the assistance of a friend Rivay geometrician. This time, the operation is a sharp success. The village of Levallois officially was born the September 27th 1845, feastday of Saint Vincent of Paul (former priest of Clichy). It corresponds to the day when Nicolas Eugene Levallois bought his first piece: “the vine with the priests”.

The June 30th 1866, Napoleon III promulgates a law of creation of the commune of Levallois-Perret, law taking effect on January 1st 1867.

Chronology of the principal events

Prehistory with Antiquity

End of the 19th century: Préhistorien S identify for the first time in the gravels of the the Seine in Levallois a method of Débitage which consists in extracting from the glares of forms predetermined of a " nucléus". This method, named " Method Levallois " , appeared with the Acheuléen in Africa before spreading in Europe with the Paléolithique means, approximately 300.000 years ago.

See also: Method Levallois

52 before J. - C.: battle of Lutèce on the plain of Clichy-Levallois. It puts at the catches the Gallic tribe Parisii with the Roman troops of César directed by its lieutenant Labienus.

The Middle Ages: golden age of Clippacium

625: first traces in the chronicles of the Royal palace of Clippacium (Clichy). Clotaire II, father of Dagobert Ier, has there in fact installed its main home and its court since 614. The School of the Palate, which is distributed between the Latin Quarter of Paris and the plain of Clichy-Levallois, trains all the children of the high-ranking dignitaries of the kingdom (Saint Eloi, Saint Ouen, Saint Didier…). It is in this school, left prefiguration of the ENA, that prince Dagobert makes the meeting of all these saints who will manage with talent a few years later the kingdom of the Francs.

626: Dagobert Ier settles with the palate mérovingien of Clippacium (Clichy) and there marries a princess Goth called Gomathrude.

626: The Concile of Clichy defends with the clerks and laic to practice wear. It results from it in all the kingdom an explosion from interest rates.

630: birth of saint Sigisbert (Sigebert III), wire of king Dagobert Ier, with the palate of Clichy.

633: at the end of an exceptional assembly of laic and ecclesiastics, Sigebert III is named king d' Austrasie (Francie Eastern), of Aquitaine and Provence.

684: a few years after having skilfully negotiated peace between Neustrie (Western France) and Austrasie (Eastern France) in Cologne, the diplomat Saint Ouen withdraws himself in his villa of Clichy, where it dies out.

See also: Dagobert Ier

717: Chilpéric II makes donation with the Abbaye of Saint-Denis of the forest of Rouvray (today there remains only the Bois de Boulogne about it) which extends from Neuilly-sur-Seine (today Saint-Cloud} with Saint-Denis (Seine-Saint-Denis).

885: the Norman ones destroy the surrounding Palate and villages.

1193: Philippe Auguste detaches Clichy of the field of the Crown and the offer with Gaucher of Châtillon.

1215: the levalloisienne part of the seigniory of Clichy specializes in the vine growing. It must supply out of communion wines the abbey of Saint-Denis on which it depends. Levallois is identified then with the site of " the vine with the prêtres".

1429: Jeanne d' Arc gathers her army on the plain of Clichy-Levallois for the lifting of Montjoie (the streamer of the lords of France). This episode precedes the unfruitful conquest by Paris.

Modern times: the print of Mr Vincent

1535/1679: Hennequin-Marillac are the lords of the field.

1612/1625: Saint Vincent of Paul is the priest of Clichy.

1623: it meets Sainte Louise de Marillac with the castle of Hennequin. With it, it founds the Filles of Charity, the greatest congregation female in the world currently.

1712: Pierre Moreau, secretary of King Louis XIV, receives Maximilien of Bavaria to the castle of Villiers-the-Garenne.

Contemporary time: towards the creation of Levallois-Perret

1814: defense of Paris in front of the Russians. The Moncey general establishes his general headquarter with the barrier of Clichy.

1815: Clichy, evacuated, is delivered to the plundering of the Prussians and of the English who camp there and there ransack the dwellings.

1867: Creation of Levallois-Perret (cf supra)

Demography

Municipal administration

The mayor of Levallois-Perret east Patrick Balkany (RPR, then " various droite" , then UMP).

Its predecessor in this load was the communist municipal official Parfait Jans - born in 1926, mayor of Levallois-Perret of 1965 to 1983, appointed Hauts-de-Seine in 1967-68, then of 1973 to 1986, and general adviser of the Hauts-de-Seine of 1976 to 1982 - that it beat with cantonal of 1982 and the local elections of 1983, before succeeding to him like deputy of the district of Levallois in 1988.

Demolishes in 1995, Patrick Balkany leaves his armchair of mayor - then of deputy in 1997 - with Olivier de Chazeaux (" various droite" , then RPR). It takes again the city in 2001 in spite of legal vexations, then the seat of deputy of the 5th district of the Hauts-de-Seine in 2002. Member of UMP with in an individual capacity, it sits first of all at the " non-inscrits" until the ineligibility of Alain Juppe - which leads this last to give up the presidency of UMP - and integrates the UMP group after the arrival of Nicolas Sarkozy at her head.

Levallois-Perret is the chief town of two cantons:

  • the canton of Levallois-Perret-North, made of part of Levallois-Perret and part of Clichy (40  400 inhabitants; general adviser: Isabelle Balkany, UMP);
  • the canton of Levallois-Perret-South, made of part of Levallois-Perret (26  532 inhabitants; general adviser: Daniele Dussaussois, UMP).

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Economy

Levallois-Perret gather nearly 4.500 companies and trade for nearly 60.000 employment . arrange this city in the Croissant of gold which indicates, in addition to the communes of the Hauts-de-Seine: Issy-les-Moulineaux, Boulogne-Billancourt, Neuilly-sur-Seine, Levallois-Perret and Clichy, districts of the west of Paris located on Right Bank of the the Seine. The majority of the head offices of the large companies concentrate there. In spite of its geographical position, on left bank of the river, to attach the district of businesses of Defense to this privileged economic space.

Principal companies having their head office in Levallois-Perret: Alstom, Butagaz, Disney Hachette Presses, Hachette Filipacchi Médias, AON France, Business Objects, Epson, Armand Thiery, ADP-GSI, Éditions Francis Lefebvre.

The town hall of Levallois confirmed the delivery of two turns of 42 stages and 165 meters the Tours Collange - Face of the Seine envisaged in June 2009.

Levallois-Clichy: the canton of the saints and the geniuses

Famous people born and/or buried in Levallois-Perret

  • Gustave Eiffel, engineer and industrialist French who in particular built the tower which bears its name.

See also: Gustave Eiffel

  • Maurice Ravel, type-setter of French music.
  • Louise Michel, female figure of French anarchism, called the " Virgin rouge".
  • Rene Pottier, victorious French cyclist of the Tour de France in 1906.
  • Leon Zitrone, French journalist.
  • German Sun known as Mrs Soleil, astrologer Frenchwoman.

People related on Levallois-Perret or the canton of Levallois-Clichy

Sovereigns and political personalities

  • Dagobert Ier, king of the Francs (629-639).
  • Sigebert III, wire of king Dagobert Ier, king d' Austrasie and cofounder of the town of Malmedy (Belgium).
  • Henri of Orleans, count de Paris and former applicant with the throne of France.
  • Clotilde of Savoy, princess of Venice and Savoy.
  • Louise Michel, revolutionist and French feminist (a street and a subway station of Levallois bear its name).
  • Olivier Besancenot, French, stimulating politician of the Communist revolutionary league (LCR).
  • Malek Boutih, socialist French, former president of S.O.S Racism.
  • Charles Pasqua, French politician, former deputy of Clichy-Levallois, former minister for the Interior and former president of the general advice of the Hauts-de-Seine.
  • Paul Sarkozy, father of the president of the Republic Nicolas Sarkozy

Saints and religious personalities

  • Holy Didier, chancellor of king Dagobert Ier, bishop of Cahors.
  • Holy Wandrille, page near king Dagobert Ier, founder of the abbey of the same name.
  • Saint Eloi, Minister for Finance of king Dagobert Ier, bishop of Boundary-line, goldsmith considered, patron saint of the workers on metals.
  • Holy Ouen, chief clerk of king Dagobert Ier, bishop of Rouen, author of a biography on Saint Eloi.
  • Holy Philibert, disciple of Ouen saint, founder of the towns of Saint-Philbert-of-Large-Place and Noirmoutier.
  • Holy Amand, bishop of Utrecht and Malmedy (Belgium), a city bears its name: Saint-Amand-the-water.
  • Holy Vincent of Paul, cleaned of Clichy-Levallois of 1612 to 1615. Minister of religion near the Regent Anne of Austria, founder of the Congregation of the Mission and the brotherhood of the Girls of Charity. Patron saint of charitable works and Madagascar.

See also: Holy Vincent of Paul

  • Holy Louise de Marillac, religious Frenchwoman, Co-founder of the brotherhood of the Girls of Charity with Vincent Saint of Paul whom it meets with the castle of " the uncle Hennequin" in Clichy-Levallois, in 1625.
  • Monseigneur Rene Stourm, cleaned Levallois-Perret, chaplain of the Christian working Youth, bishop of Amiens, rapporteur of the council the Vatican II on the means of communication.
  • Bernard Clément, Pasteur evangelic Pentecôtiste. Founder of many missions and evangelic churches (Orleans, Aurillac, Versailles, Courbevoie…) and of the Christian Mission Évangélique de Levallois.
  • Pierre Clement, his son is Pasteur and missionary. He is the CM founder France (Union for the evangelization) and directs the French-speaking Africa department and Europe of the organization Every Home for Christ.

Sportsmen and personalities of the cultural world

  • Marie-Claire Restoux, Olympic champion of judo to the Plays of Atlanta (1996), mayor-assistant of Levallois Perret (2001-02), adviser with the sport of the President of the Republic.
  • Eric Srecki, Olympic champion of fencing to the Plays of Barcelona in 1992. A gymnasium bears its name
  • Jean-Philippe Gatien, vice-champion Olympic of table tennis in 1992, world champion in 1993.
  • Joakim Noah, player of tennis shoe, it is first French to gain in 2006 the university championship NCAA. It began the tennis shoe with the Levallois Sporting Club Tennis shoe in 1993.
  • Didier Drogba, footballer, champion of England with Chelsea in 2005 then in 2006, vice-champion of Africa. It reveals its talent of attacker out-par to the Levallois Sporting Club of football where it evolved/moved between 1993 and 1997
  • Natacha Randriantefy, tennis player. She gains double the ladies of the Cut of Africa of the Nations (2006) with her compatriot Malagasy Seheno Razafindramaso
  • Brahim Asloum, boxer
  • Louis Trousselier, cyclist, victorious of the Tour de France in 1905
  • Rene Pottier, cyclist, victorious of the Tour de France in 1906. He is regarded as first climbing Tour de France cyclist.
  • Marco Ramos, footballer currently evolving/moving with the Racing Club of Lens
  • Rudolf Noureev, dancer, died in the commune

  • Jozsef Rippl-Ronai, Hungarian painter of the beginning of the XXe century.

  • Georges Seurat, painter and draftsman French. Type-setter of One Sunday to the Large Bowl .

See also: One Sunday afternoon in the Island of the Large Bowl

Personalities of the business world and inventors

  • Pascal Lamy, director of the World Trade organization.
  • Gustave Eiffel, French engineer.
  • Andre Citroen, industrial French.
  • Armand Peugeot, industrial French. He establishes the head office of his company in 1901 with the street Danton.
  • Ettore Bugatti, Italian-American industrialist. In a workshop located street Chaptal, it designed engines of plane.
  • Adolphe Clément, industrial French and Co-inventor of the mark Clement-Talbot.
  • Henri Chapron, French carriage-builder.
  • the brothers Eugene and Michel Werner, industrial French of Russian origin, inventors of the motor cycle (motor bike).
  • the brothers Isaac and Jacob Pereire, businessmen French, founders of the Loan on personal property, originators of the first French railway line intended for the travellers (1837). This line connecting Paris to German Saint in Bush hammer crossed the communes of Clichy and Levallois where they had properties.
  • Clement Ader, father of aviation. He founded the " Company of the Ader" Cars; in Levallois.
  • Louis Blériot, aviator and industrialist French, who carried out the first the crossing of the Manche (1909) on board built Blériot XI with Levallois.
  • Roland Garros, French aviator who carried out the first the crossing of the the Mediterranean in 1913. At its exit of HEC in 1908, it took down its first employment at the business service of the cars " Grégoire" in Levallois.
  • Jean Mermoz, French aviator who carried out the first the crossing of the Atlantique - Southern in 1933 on board " Arc in Ciel" (Couzinet 70) built on the Island of the Bowl
  • Rene Couzinet, industrialist and originator of the " Arc in Ciel" (Couzinet 70)
  • Pierre Joseph Furrier, French chemist, benefactor of humanity. He discovered the Quinine (used in the treatment of the Paludisme), with the castle of the Small plank.
  • Robert Seneshal, industrialist, pilot of automobile race and aviator French had there his workshops (undertaken " Eclair" specialized in the manufacture of cyclecars).

Images of Levallois

remarkable Buildings :

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