Legitimacy (social sciences)

According to the Sociologue max Weber the domination is always legitimate. The concept of legitimacy refers here to the concept of social recognition. It is socially that legitimacy is defined. In a simple example, the robber shows that it légitimise the Droit and the Justice in his action to hide police officers.

Weber defines the capacity ( Macht ) as being the potentiality that the will of an individual or a group overrides another, at the time of the social relations: “the power (capacity) is very chance to make triumph, in a social relation, its own will, even against resistances; it does not matter on what this chance rests”. It defines the domination ( Herrshaft ) as being the potentiality which a group has to be made obey: “the chance, for specific orders (or all the others), to find obéissancede the share of a given group of individual. It is not however about any chance to exert " puissance" and " influence" on other individuals. In this direction, the domination (l'" autorité") can rest, in a particular case, on the most various morifs of docility: dull practice with the pure rational considerations in finality. All true report/ratio of domination comprises a minimum of will to obey, by conscéquent an interest, interior or outside, to obey. ”

Weber sees in the modern State the form of the current legitimate domination. It defines the modern State as being a “human community which, within the limits of a determined territory, asserts the monopoly of physical violence successfully legitimates” (max Weber)

Legitimacy of the capacity

According to Weber, the Domination is based on 3 types of legitimacy:

the traditional domination, legitimacy comes from the respect of the habits and of the traditions
the charismatic domination, a personality considered to be exceptional by its qualities is recognized legitimates
the legal domination, legitimacy comes from the respect of the law

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