League of extreme right-hand side

See also: League

The word “league” , in the Years 1930 in France, meant political organization, often extreme line, hostile with the parliamentary republic. One seen in certain nationalist leagues the expression of a French Fascism.

List of the leagues:

French Action of Charles Maurras, royalist and associated with the Street pedlars of the King;
patriotic Youths created in December 1924 and presenting itself as the “young section” of the League of the patriots of Déroulède whose objective is a reinforcement of the executive power and the “protection of the institutions against the left”. Patriotic Youths adopted the ritual ones inspired by the Italian Fascisme (military processions and hello “with the Roman”). They were finally more fascistic in their ritual than in their program;
the Cross-of-fire of the colonel François of Rocque (which adheres to it only in 1929 and in 1931 about it becomes the president), organization of war veterans created in 1927. It is characterized by its respect from the Republic and its refusal from Fascism. In 1936, it becomes the Parti social French who will evolve to the center right;
French Solidarity, created by François Coty in 1933 and directed by Jean Renaud, with an imitated organization of the Nazi party;
country Defense;
the Francisme of Marcel Bucard, former secretary of François Coty, collaborator in 1932 of Gustave Herve with the Victoire (publication where the “mystic Pétain” was exaltée in a vagueness national Socialist party), founded in 1933;
“the Beam”, created the November 11th 1925 by Georges Valois, old Anarchistic, Royalist. This Ligue, which openly asserted Fascism inspired of the Italian model, intended to make the synthesis of the Nationalisme and the Socialisme: to found a national Dictatorship above all the social classes, with a chief proclaimed by the combatants and acclaimed by crowd. He broke up into four Faisceau X (the Beam of the combatants or legions, gathering the war veterans of the First World War and the colonial wars, organized in companies, sections and groups; the Beam of the producers, composed of corporations; the Beam of the young people with the fascistic Youths and the university Beam; the civic Beam), had of a newspaper ( Nouveau century , founded the February 26th 1925), a uniform and the ritual ones (paramilitary processions). The league reaches its apogee in 1926 with 25.000 “blue Shirts” before knowing serious internal dissensions in 1928, leading to its bursting.

It is as many leagues which expressed with more or less strength at the time of the events of the February 6th, 1934.

The Ligue S were generally created on the basis of association of war veterans of the Great War. However, these war veterans mainly hostile followers of “never that” étaiant with any imperial project of colonial extension, which however defines the fascistic ideology partly. Also, these leagues avaiant for principal enemy the left, the Communists “Bolshies” and the Parliamentary mode . But there exists a debate historiographic as for the possible appearance of the fascistic leagues in France in the years 1880 (Boulanger). They are dissolved by the government Blum in 1936.

The principal réalistion of these leagues in France will have been to have made emerge a Anti-Fascism (which paradoxically knew a drift with the adoption by groups like the “antifascist defense group” of unifomes and symbols (hello raised fist). This cleavage antifascists against Anti-communistes was of great importance in the French political life of the Entre-deux-guerres.

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