Lazzaro Spallanzani

Lazzaro Spallanzani (January 10th 1729, Scandiano - February 12th 1799, Pavia) is a Italian biologist .

Biography

Spallanzani starts its studies with the college Jésuite of Reggio of Emilie, then follows courses of right to the Université of Bologna, before turning to sciences. One grants his scientific orientation to the influence of Laura Bassi, professor of Physique in this establishment. He indeed studies with her the natural Philosophie as well as the Mathématiques and is also interested in the Langue S which are old or modern.

At the 25 years age, he becomes professor of Logique, Greek Métaphysique and to the university of Reggio. In 1760, it is transferred to Modena where it continues to teach successfully and assiduity while devoting its spare time to the Natural science. He refuses several offers of other Italian universities and Saint-Pétersbourg until 1778 when he accepts the invitation of Marie-Therese of Hungary for the Chaire of Natural history to the Université of Pavia. He becomes also director of the Musée which he contributes to enrich thanks to the collections brought back by his many voyages on the Mediterranean coasts . In 1785, it is invited to Padoue but obtains the permission to leave for the Turkey with the double its wages. It remains there nearly one year during which it carries out many observations like that of a copper mine with Chalki or of a mine of iron with Principi. Its return is triumphal: with Vienna, it is received by Joseph II and while arriving at Pavia, it is accommodated by the acclamations of the students of the university.

The following years, its courses gather more than five hundred students. Its integrity in the management of the museum is briefly blamed, but a legal investigation the innocent one quickly with the satisfaction of all, even of its indicters. In 1788, he visits the Vesuvius and the volcanos of the island Lipari and the Sicily, and gathers the results of his research in a work, Viaggi ale due Sicilie ED in alcune left dell' Appennino , published four years later.

Lazzaro Spallanzani dies of a Cancer of the bladder the February 12th 1799 in Pavia.

Work

Spallanzani studies and refutes the theory of the spontaneous Generation of the cells in 1768. Its experiment proves that the Microbe S come from the air and that they are killed by a boiling. This work takes part in the questioning of the theory of the spontaneous generation whose dispute will only see its completion well later thanks to Louis Pasteur.

Lazzaro Spallanzani as discovers and describes as the reproduction of the Mammifère S requires a Spermatozoïde and a Ovule, by putting pants at frogs, these last do not have a descent, it shows the fertilizing effect of the spermatozoa. It is the first to carry out a Artificial insemination, by using a dog. Spallanzani shows that certain animals, especially Lézard S, can regenerate certain parts of their body when those were wounded or divided. It also carries out the demonstration which the gastric juice tackles the meat.

Random links: