Laxou

Laxou is a common French, located in the department of Meurthe-et-Moselle and the area Lorraine.

Geography

Laxou is located in the western agglomeration of Nancy, in the North-East of France. With nearly 16 km ², it is one of the most extended communes of the agglomeration, two thirds of its territory being covered by the Forêt of the Hague. Quoted is located at the foot of the coast of Buthegnémont, on the left of the road of Nancy with Toul.

Laxou divides a border urban with Maxéville in north clockwise then while turning: Nancy and Villers-the-Nancy, it is then bordering with Chavigny, Maron, the Velaine-in-Hague and Champigneulles in the Forêt of the Hague.

With the wire of the centuries quoted was called Larzuls (1127 - 1168), Larczos (1182), Larceozs (1190), Laccos (1193), Larzous (1214), Larçous (1227), Larsour (1258), Larsouz (1289), Laixous (1420), Laxolo (1513), Laxour (1526), Laisous , Laysou ( 1636), Laixou (1557). In 1794, the village was known with its current name of Laxou. Because in the way of pronouncing then the X in the area, one often said lachou to last century. The inhabitants are called Laxoviens .

In 1999, it is the fourth city of the agglomeration in population, behind Nancy, Vandoeuvre and Villers-the-Nancy.

The village

Located in an old wine valley, it is the historical heart of Laxou. Broods with hillside around the church, the houses of vine growers point out the rural vocation of the village.

Architecture is thus marked by an old habitat which delimits a succession of different spaces; of street narrow and tortuous which unites small places.

One finds there many paths which curve between the gardens, and of the old monuments like the fountains, the cross of way…

Zola-Holy-Anne

Accommodating the town hall and the Post office, it developed starting from the beginning of the 20th century around the grounds of old chartreuse.

It is the natural prolongation of the district Poincaré-Foch-Anatole France of the town of Nancy, with which it presents a true architectural unit, marked by the influence Art nouveau of the school of Nancy.

Provinces

The Provinces were built between 1955 and 1960, in a plain in the south of the historical village. Frame on old arable lands, this district makes a surface of about thirty hectares, with many typical buildings of the town planning of the Années 1950.

The Saint-Paul ex-church, built in 1963, became space Europe, a room which accommodates spectacles, conferences, cinematographic projections…

Field-the-ox

The name of this district comes from an old farm of the stronghold of the Montbois family. It extends on the plate in north, between the avenue of Resistance and a31 highway. It continues on the commune of Maxéville.

It is a town planning of the Années 1970. One finds the Midsummer's Day church there the Baptist.

The Plate

Located at the south of the avenue of Resistance, the limit of the forest of the Hague. One finds there a retail park, districts of suburban dwellings recent, a zone of leisures.

The retail park of the Fir plantation is very attended by the inhabitants of the Nancéen west. The near total of the automobile concessions are gathered there, making of Laxou the automobile pole of the agglomeration.

Forest of the Hague

The Forêt of the Hague is a main forest of approximately: 10000 ha, of which more than 10% are located on the communal territory of Laxou. It is cut there by the highway exchanger A31 - A33 which leads to the avenue of Resistance leading to Nancy.

The forestry development was an important resource of the commune, and the forest is also appreciated hikers.

Maréville

Maréville is located at the western south of the commune, on about thirty hectares between the Village, the forest of the Hague and the commune of Villers Nancy, it accommodates the psychotherapy center of Nancy-Laxou.

One found formerly there a meadow, the field of Lanné, which formed a projection in the forest. As from 1315, this enclosure contains hutments of wood which were used to maintain in quarantine the Nancy ones touched by the plague. They awaited there, almost private care, death or a hypothetical spontaneous cure.

In XVIe century a brickyard settles in the field of Lanné, accompanied soon by a tilery and a mill. These buildings will be destroyed following the seat of French of 1633.

In 1597, Anne Fériet, widow of the lord of Novéant on the Moselle, bequeath her fortune to the foundation of a hospital for pestiferous. It attends in 1602 the dedication of the vault of the Holy Trinity of Holy-Anne . With its death in 1604, the hospital occupied a surface of 27.000 m ². It was very active during the first part of the XVIIe century, then the cases of plague becoming increasingly rare and the resources has suddenly missed, it périclita gradually.

In 1716, the buildings, which threatened ruins, are converted by the duke Léopold into reformatory: Renfermerie. The duke quickly decided to associate a manufacture of bottom there. It will employ a hundred people, captive of Renfermerie or poor. The manufacture, competed with by factories nancéennes, ceased its activity in 1745.

In 1749, Maréville and the revenue of Anne Fériet are yielded to the Frères of the Christian Schools, in the condition which they give the institution in the state and which they are committed interning, against payment of a pension, all subjects that the duke will address to them by Lettre de cachet. In addition to these people, as well as young people in correction, Maréville becomes a noviciate, accommodates free boarders and more and more of lunatics. The establishment, quickly thrives, increases in the years which follow. In 1790, the prisoners by lettre de cachet are released and the noviciate east dissolves. Only the lunatic asylum remains. In the night from February 21st to 22nd 1794, a fire destroys most of the establishment and its files.

Integrated into the commune of Laxou during the French revolution, it gradually takes again its role of asylum for lunatics and accommodates patients coming from all the close departments, to reach 500 boarders in 1814. In 1818, management is entrusted to the congregation of the Sisters of St Charles. In 1838, it becomes the departmental hospital of the Lunatics. In 1879, Maréville is the most important asylum of France. It is in 1949 qu ' it takes the psychotherapy name of center and becomes a public corporation of health on October 30th, 1970.

The portery of the hospital of Maréville dates from XVIIIèm century. The Saint-Roch vault shelters an organ whose factor is not known, equipped with a dresser XVIIIe. The grids of the liturgical fence, realized by Jean Lamour, are classified with the historic building since 1993.

History

Before the development of the agglomeration, the village of Laxou was located at approximately 4 km of Nancy. It depended on the Généralité and the Baillage of this city, and was governed by the habit of Lorraine

XIIe century

Already occupied at the time mérovingienne, Laxou is quoted for the first time in 1130 under the name of Larzuls .

Mathieu Ier of Lorraine supported the installation of a hospital commandery of the Ordre of Malta in its duchy. The commandery is built in 1140, in full shift near the Midsummer's Day suburb. There remains about it the Tour of Saint-Jean-of-Old-Aître Commanderie, the oldest building of Nancy.

The hospital ones built during the centuries several buildings of public utility which were known like the commandery of Laxou . The main thing was the hospital Midsummer's Day Baptiste which still remains with 27-29 rue Edouard Grosjean

XIVe century

In 1306 Henri II of Vaudémont Laxou devastation and Maréville; in reprisals the duke Thiébaut II of Lorraine will start the battle of Pulligny, which it will lose.

The seigniory of Laxou belongs initially to the Dukes of Lorraine who, starting from the end of XIVe century, will yield the property gradually of it. One found titles which go back to 1390

From half of XVIe century, as on the remainder of the Lorraine territory, the situation worsens seriously. And Laxou will have notably to suffer from the epidemics of plague and the exactions of people of war who will cross his territory at the time of the various conflicts which will ensanglanteront the duchy.

XVIIe century

September 16th, 1608, Babe of Puy of Foug, widow of Jean de Lenoncourt sells the seigneuriaux right of the family to the duke of Lorraine for the sum of 7000 francs. The organ goes back to 1880. They were restored in 1981.

Laxou is a Christendom of the Abbey of Clairleu until 1513 when it depends on collegial the Saint-George of Nancy.

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