The laurentien was a language iroquoienne spoken until the middle about the 16th century by the Iroquoiens about the St. Lawrence along the Fleuve the St. Lawrence with the Quebec and in Ontario, Canada.

History

See also: Iroquoiens of the St. Lawrence

The explorer Jacques Cartier noted, at the time of his voyages on the Fleuve the St. Lawrence in 1535 and 1536, the existence of several villages iroquoiens, of which the village of Stadaconé, in the surroundings of the modern city of Quebec, as well as the village of Hochelaga on the site of the current town of Montreal.

However, at the time of the arrival of Samuel de Champlain in 1608, there was no more no trace of Iroquoiens of the St. Lawrence met 75 years before per Jacques Cartier. Their disappearance gave rise to several explanatory assumptions: the war with other Amerindian tribes, an epidemic or a migration towards the area of the Big lakes.

The laurentien

At the 16th century, Iroquoiens of the St. Lawrence would have spoken several Dialecte S, even several Langue S distinct, but the notes taken by Jacques Cartier at the time of his voyages do not let show through much of indices in this respect.

At least a word of laurentien could still be of use: the word Canada means, according to Jacques Cartier, village in laurentien. It is this same word that Jacques Cartier employed to indicate the area around Stadaconé as well as the river, the “river of Canada”.

Vocabulary of the laurentien

Of return of his voyages, Jacques Cartier published his newspaper, of which a list of words in laurentien. Here some examples, such as writings by Jacques Cartier:

References

• List of Web sites concerning Laurentien (Native Languages off the Americas Online Resources, in English)

• Serge Bouchard and Al, People autochtones of North America. Reduction with the coexistence, Quebec, TV-university, 1989, pages 93-95. (" The disappearance of Iroquoiens laurentiens")
• Jacques Cartier, original Relation of Jacques Cartier, 1545, reprinted in 1863 (list of vocabulary on pages 46 to 48)
• Marianne Mithun, The Mystery off the Vanished Laurentians, in Papers from the 5th International Congress one Historial Linguistics (Anders Ahlquist, ED.), Amsterdam: John Youngest children, 1981, pages 230-242.
• Marianne Mithun, Iroquoian, in Lyle Campbell and Marianne Mithun, The Languages off Native America, Austin, University off Texas Near, 1979, pages 140-141. (" Laurentian")
• Marianne Mithun, The Languages off Native North America, Cambridge University Near, 1999, pages 3,421 and 607. (Laurentian)
• Floyd G. Lounsbury, " Iroquoian Languages" , Handbook off North American Indians, 1978, volume 15, pages 334-343.
• James F. Pendergast, " The Confusing Identities Atributed to Stadacona and Hochelaga", Re-examined Canadian studies, 1998, volume 32, pages 149-167.
• Bruce G. Trigger and James F. Pendergast, " Saint Lawrence Iroquoians" , Handbook off North American Indians, 1978, volume 15, pages 357-361.
• Bruce G. Trigger, children of Aataentsic : history of the Huron people , Montreal, Free expression, 1991, pages 206-220. (The disappearance of Iroquoiens of the St. Lawrence)