Launching center

A launching center , in the field of the Astronautics, is the building, close to the Launching sites, in general protected from the effects of a Explosion or an impact, from where the operations specific are directed to an aerospace vehicle until its launching.

The term can also indicate the whole of the base, launching sites, centers direction of launchings, and all the additional installations. The selection criteria of a site for these space bases are:

  • vast flat ground;
  • easy zone of access (in seaside is the ideal, because it allows the routing of heavy loads per boat, means of the least expensive transport);
  • zone little densément populated (in the event of accident);
  • sometimes, one takes into account the distance of the borders and the facility of defense.

The corresponding terms in English are firing room , and blockhouse .

The China, for example, has the three following launching centres:

  • Jiuquan, from where the first Taïkonaute Yang Liwei was launched, using a rocket Long walk CZ-2F.
  • Taiyuan, launching the heliosynchronous satellite ,
  • XiChang.

Startplätze für Satellitenraketen

  • Alcântara (Brasilien)
  • Baikonur (Kasachstan)
  • Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (the USA)
  • Dombarowski (Russland)
  • Gando (Spanien, Gran Canaria)
  • Hammaguir (Algerian, stillgelegt)
  • Satellite Jiuquan Launch Center (Clouded)
  • Uchinoura Space Center EIB Kagoshima (Japan)
  • Kapustin Jar (Russland)
  • Kennedy Space Center (the USA)
  • Kodiak Launch Center (the USA, Alaska)
  • Kourou (Französisch Guyana)
  • Kwajalein (the USA, Atoll im Pazifik)
  • Palmachim (Israel)
  • Plessezk (Russland)
  • Point Arguello (the USA)
  • San-Marco-Plattform (Italian, im indischen Ozean)
  • Sea-Launch-Plattform (the USA, im pazifischen Ozean)
  • Sriharikota (Indian)
  • Swobodny (Russland)
  • Taiyuan (Clouded)
  • Tanegashima (Japan)
  • Vandenberg Air Force Bases (the USA)
  • Wallops Flight Facility (the USA)
  • Woomera Prohibited Area (Australian)
  • Xichang (Clouded)

siehe auch : Weltraumbahnhof

Suborbital Startplätze für Raketen

Aktive Zurzeit Startplätze in Europa (nur suborbital)

  • Esrange (Schweden)

  • Andøya (Norwegen)
  • Biscarosse (Frankreich)
  • Island of Raising (Frankreich)
  • Aberporth (Großbritannien)
  • South Uist (Großbritannien)
  • El Arenosillo (Spanien)
  • Salto di Quirra (Italian)
  • Nenoksa (Russland)
  • SvalRak (Spitzbergen)

Ehemalige Startplätze in Europa (nur suborbital)

Weitere Startplätze suborbitaler Raketen

Asien

  • Al-Anbar (Iraq)
  • Akita (Japan)
  • Anhueng (Südkorea)
  • Baleswar (Indian)
  • Emamshahr (Iran)
  • Gan Island (Malediven)
  • Gohueng (Südkorea, im Beam)
  • Haikou (Clouded)
  • Hama-Allepo (Syrian)
  • Harbin (Clouded)
  • Jingyu (Clouded)
  • Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center (Clouded)
  • Cheis-Insel (Russland)
  • Lapan Space Center, Tjulitan (Indonesien)
  • Musudan-laughed (Nordkorea)
  • Negev (Israel)
  • Niijima (Japan)
  • Obachi (Japan)
  • Qom (Iran)
  • Ryori (Japan)
  • Sary Shagan (Russland)
  • Shijiedu (Clouded)
  • Sonmiani (Pakistan)
  • Thumba (Indian)
  • Tilla (Pakistan)

Afrika

  • Overberg (Südafrika)
  • Reggane (Algerian)
  • Seba Oasis (Libyan)
  • Shaba North (Zaire)

Australian und Ozeanien

  • Birdling' S Flat (Neuseeland)

Nordamerika

  • Arecibo (Puerto Rico)
  • Black Mesa (the USA)
  • Charlestown (the USA)
  • COM Arranges (the USA)
  • Datil (the USA)
  • Eareckson Air Station (the USA, Aleuten)
  • Eglin Air Force Bases (the USA)
  • Fort Bliss (the USA)
  • Fort Churchill (Kanada)
  • Fort Greely (the USA, Alaska)
  • Fort Wingate (the USA)
  • Gilson Butte (the USA)
  • Green River (the USA, Wyoming)
  • Holloman Air Force Bases (the USA)
  • Keweenaw (the USA)
  • Kindley (Bermuda shorts-Inseln)
  • Mercury (the USA)
  • Mojave Airport (the USA)
  • NAOTS (the USA)
  • Nevada Test Site (the USA)
  • North Truro (the USA)
  • Point Barrow (the USA, Alaska)
  • Point Mugu (the USA)
  • Poker Flat Research Range (the USA, Alaska)
  • Primrose Lake (Kanada)
  • Ramey (Puerto Rico)
  • Red Lake (Kanada)
  • Resolute Bay (Kanada)
  • San Clemente (the USA, Kalifornien)
  • San Nicolas (the USA, Kalifornien)
  • Sierra of Juarez (Mexiko)
  • Tonopah Test Arranges (the USA)
  • Upham (the USA)
  • White Sands Missile Arranges (the USA)

Südamerika

  • CELPA (Peru)
  • Chilca (Peru)
  • CELPA (Argentinien)
  • Las Palmas (Argentinien)
  • Mar Chiquita (Argentinien)
  • Native (Brasilien)
  • Punta Lobos (Peru)
  • Villa Reynolds (Argentinien)

Sonstige

  • Rise (Insel im Atlantik)
  • Bikini-Atoll (Atoll im Pazifik, Raketenstarts im Zuge von Atombombentests)
  • Dumont d' Urville (Antarktis)
  • Eniwetok (Atoll im Pazifik, Raketenstarts im Zuge von Atombombentests)
  • Johnston-Atoll (Insel im Pazifik)
  • Kauai Test Facility (Barking Sands) (Insel im Pazifik)
  • Kerguelen (Insel im Indischen Ozean)
  • Molodjoschnaja (Antarkis)
  • Søndre Strømfjord (Grönland)
  • Syowa Bases (Antarktis)
  • Wake Island (Insel im Pazifik)

Reguläre Startplätze für Raketen put geringer Gipfelhöhe (<10 km)

  • Raketenflugplatz Berlin, Berlin-Tegel, Deutschland (1930-1934)
  • Kummersdorf, Deutschland (1933)
  • Hespenbusch, Großenkneten, Deutschland (1952-1957)
  • Kaltbrunn SG, Schweiz (Flugtage DER ARGOS)
  • Sheboygan, Wisconsin, the USA

Reference

Right French: decree of the February 20th 1995 relating to the terminology of sciences and space technology.

See too

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