Large Trianon

The Grand Trianon or Trianon of marble is a Palais that Louis XIV made build near Versailles in France. The outside of the building is built in Marbre from where its name of “marble Trianon”.
It is registered today with the world heritage of UNESCO since 1979.

History

In 1670, Louis XIV decides to shave the village of Trianon, in the North-West of the park of Versailles, to build there a building which would enable him to flee the court. It is Louis Vau which is in charge of this construction: it chooses to equip the walls with Faïence of Delft, blue and white. The garden offers already pretty floors of flowers. As of the beginning, Louis XIV devotes this field to his loves with Madam de Montespan. But the decoration of the “Trianon of porcelain” is very fragile, it does not resist the bad weather. It is destroyed in 1687, year of the beginning of the disgrace of Madam de Montespan for whom it had been built. The same year, a new project is born. One entrusts to Jules Hardouin-Mansart, the new First Architect of the King, the construction of new Trianon in a style more Italianist. The building site lasts of June 1687 in January 1688. Thus, Large Trianon, or marble Trianon, is inaugurated at the summer 1688, by Louis XIV and Madam de Maintenon. The skirtings of the living room accommodated many Princes of the royal house: Monseigneur the Dolphin, the Duke and the Duchess of Berry, the Duke of Chartres, the Duchess of Bourbon, and Madam de Palatine. Under Louis XV, Marie Leszczynska resides at it since 1740. But Louis XV ignores the place completely. Marie-Antoinette prefers by far small Trianon with large, it gives to it despite everything some representations in the gallery of the Corded ones. With the Revolution the castle of large Trianon is strongly dilapidated. It will be necessary to await the First Empire and Napoleon Bonaparte so that the field takes again importance. In 1805, it orders the restoration of the two fields. From 1809 to 1810, the castle is refurnished. The made Emperor of many stays in Trianon between 1809 and 1813. It celebrates its marriage with the Marie-Louise Empress there. Under Louis XVIII, no change is carried out with the castle, only the imperial symbols are removed. Charles X will stop there a few hours on the road of his exile. From 1830 to 1848, Marie-Amélie makes put the castle at the last styles to reside at it. Large Trianon is used today as framework with the official receptions of the Republic and the wing of the Trianon-under-wood of company flat for the presidential guests.

Plan and architecture

Large Trianon is of French traditional style interfered Italianism. The whole of the buildings, with dominant pink, is infinitely gracious. One enters the court by a low grid: on the right, is the northern building. On the left, the building of covered midday of a flat roof is, with balustrade. The material which equips the walls is a fair stone; the pilasters are in pink Marbre Languedoc. At the bottom of the court, a Loggia which connects the buildings of North and the South; she was wanted by Louis XIV. It is not a question of a peristyle, because it does not surround the court completely. The loggia was drawn by Robert de Cotte. The Court of the Offices is located behind the wing of the South. Lastly, a wing perpendicular to the building of North is called Trianon-under-Wood. The gardens simple and are decorated, inter alia, of a water dresser drawn by Mansart in 1703.

Place of stay

1690 - 1703: Louis XIV
1703 - 1711: Monseigneur, the Dolphin, wire of Louis XIV
1717: Pierre I {{er}} Large the, emperor of Russia
1740: Marie Leszczynska, wife of Louis XV
1810 - 1814: Marie-Louise, wife of
1830 - 1848: the queen Marie-Amélie, wife of Louis-Philippe I {{er}}

See too

Treated of Trianon of the June 4th 1920
Small Trianon
Trianon of porcelain

External bond

Insecula Large Trianon