Landrecies

Landrecies is a common French, located in the department of the Northern and the area Nord-Pas-de-Calais.

Its inhabitants is called the Landreciens .

Currency

The inhabitants of Landrecies deserved Fatherland well

Geography

Landrecies is marked by the inflection of the course of the Sambre: upstream, it runs out towards the North-West, downstream towards the North-East.

This inflection has a major geological significance. Sambre runs out initially since the buttresses of the the Ardennes, where it takes its source. Arrived at height of Landrecies, it is collected by the old basin of tectonic foreland of the microphone-continent avalonnais. This basin was created by bending of the the Brabant under the weight of the chain hercynienne. It is of south-western orientation - the North-East.

It is marked by what the Belgian geologists called the " midi" is necessary;. This northern edge of the Ardennes thus forms a hollow: in the south, of the Ardennes solid mass or its buttresses, in north the carboniferous coal basin. This furrow known as of " Sambre and Meuse" thus start with Landrecies, pousuit until Namur (confluent with the Meuse, which at this place is engulfed in its turn in the Furrow) and Liege.

Landrecies is thus the starting point of a fundamental structure which structure the geography of the of the Ardennes solid mass, and by there it was a key in the control of space between the Spanish Netherlands and France; it is as a point of obvious passage for an army sailing round the Ardennes, though less important as perforated of Oise. This is why this city was strengthened by Vauban, even if the fortification were shaven thereafter.

The surroundings of Landrecies are typical green area which is the Avesnois. Surrounded by meadows of the woodlands, the city is also crossed by the channel of the Sambre to the Oise, from where the existence of some zones slightly marshy.

Landrecies is located very close to Maroilles, village typical of the Thiérache of North, where the peasants, since the Middle Ages, had their charters. They were free from many traditional constraints of feudality, could close their grounds, practice the breeding and were not subjected to the practice of the obligatory Assolement: thus the scrap-metal of the Avesnois was constituted, in the middle which Landrecies.

History

Archaeological excavations showed that the place was inhabited as of the Préhistoire and the Roman epoch, but the current commune of Landrecies was born with the Life century of the Christian era, probably thanks to the renewal of the commercial exchanges along the Sambre.

Located in the sphere of influence of the Lotharingie then Holy Germanic Roman Empire under the terms of the Treated of Verdun of 843, the village of Landrecies is a community of autonomous peasants (a Alleu) until in 1096, date on which the lords of Avesnes-on-Helpe take control of it. They there build a castle (disappeared today) and grant a Charte the inhabitants in 1191.

The lords of Avesnes succeed those of the Comté of Hainaut, then duchy of Burgundy.

Starting from the beginning of the domination of the Habsbourg (of Austria, then of Spain) on the area (see History of North), Landrecies will make the object of a long fight baited between the latter and the kingdom of France. Plundered on several occasions (by the duke of Vendôme in 1521, by François I {{er}} in 1543), the city is briefly occupied by the French of 1543 to 1544, before the Traité of Crépy does not return it to Charles Quint, which makes a Fortified town of it.

Under Louis XIII, the city is taken again in 1637 by the cardinal of Valette, before falling down between the hands of the Spanish . It is under Louis XIV that the city is taken again, this time definitively, by Turenne and Ferté in 1655 (Vauban takes part in it without ordering). The Treated of the Pyrenees, in 1659, confirms French sovereignty. Within the framework of the fortification of the borders of north, Vauban surrounds the town of new ramparts.

At the time of the War of succession of Spain, Landrecies played a big role by holding most of the enemy troops under the walls of the city in 1712, which more easily made it possible to the duke of Villars to gain the famous victory of Denain, which saved the France and put an end to the war.

During the French revolution, Landrecies knows an Austrian occupation , not without to have before opposed a very hard resistance which will as a whole be worth with the commune the decoration of the Légion of honor at the next century, given by “the grateful fatherland”.

At the XIXe century, Landrecies opens more with the outside world, with the drain of the Sambre of 1826 with 1839 and the passage of the railway Paris - Brussels - Amsterdam in 1855. Landrecies dismantles its ramparts starting from 1894, contrary to its neighbor Quesnoy which refuses there.

Occupied by the German throughout almost all First World War, the city is released only in November 1918 at the price of bombardments destroying the downtown area in its quasi totality.

At the time of the Second world war, Landreciens are released the September 2nd 1944 by the American .

Economy

A considerable share of the local activity rests on the Agriculture and the bovine breeding.

One counts nevertheless some factory constructions, unquestionable recent and others more traditional. A ceramics factory exists for example since XIXème century, just like a glassmaking, founded in 1802.

Among industries arrived more recently appear a factory specialized in the clothes industry of hydraulic pumps, two others dedicated to the animal feeds and manures, and finally a company producing of the safety shoes for the workmen working in difficult medium.

Administration

Landrecies is the Chef-lieu of a canton which includes/understands nine other communes: Bousies, Cross-Caluyau, Favril, Fountain-with-Wood, Forest-in-Cambrésis, Maroilles cheese, Valiant knight-with-Wood, Prisches and Robersart.

The city is also member of the Communauté of Communes of the Country of Mormal, of which it accommodates the seat.

Demography

Famous characters

Louis All Saints' day Doutrelaine, general of the second empire, born in Landrecies the 7/9/1820

Tourist monuments and places

  • the current town hall goes back only to 1921 because of the destruction regularly undergone by the city, but its origin is much older. One can see on his frontage of the inscriptions pointing out the decree of the 27 Ventôse year III, according to which “Landrecies deserved fatherland well”.

  • the museum Ernest Cluster , installed with the town hall, was inaugurated in 2003 in the honor of this painter born in Landrecies. A great number of its fabrics are gathered and exposed.
  • “the explosives magazine” is the single remaining vestige of the castle-extremely built by the lords of Avesnes in 1140. This small tower is in edge of the main street.
  • the church Saint-Pierre-Saint-Paul , the town hall following the example of, knew several destruction and rebuildings. The current church was built in 1818: it is traditional style of the area, entirely out of brick with stringcourses and framings out of blue stone.
  • the military cemetery , with the locality of Happegarbes, is only one of the many sites of this type in the area.

Twinning

See too

Articles of Wikipédia

  • Department of North
  • History of North
  • District of Avesnes-on-Helpe
  • Common of the North, which lists the 652 current communes of the department, like their codes INSEE simplified and zip codes, and their membership to an inter-commune structure
  • Région of the Nord-Pas-de-Calais

External bonds

  • landrecies

  • Official site
  • Landrecies on the site of the national geographical Institute
  • Landrecies on the site of INSEE
  • Landrecies on the site of Quid
  • Localization of Landrecies on a chart of France and communes bordering
  • Plane on Landrecies on Mapquest

Sources

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