Ladislas II the Outlaw

|- | Reign || Of 1138 with 1146 |- | Dynasty || Piast |- | Parents || Boleslas III the Stop-Chest
Zbysława (Zbyslava) of Kiev |- | Wife || Agnes de Babenberg (1125), girl of the Margrave of Austria Léopold III |- | Children || * Boleslas Ier Length (1127 - 1201)
* Mieszko IV Legs Frays (v. 1130 - 1211)
* Conrad Ier de Głogów
* Rycheza (Ryksa), wife of Alphonse VII
* Albert (Albrecht) (v. 1156 - v. 1178) |- | Birth date || 1105 |- | Birthplace || Cracow |- | Date of death || May 30th 1159 |- | Place of death || Altenburg, Germany (Thuringe) |- | Place of burial || Pegau, close to Altenburg, Germany |- |} Ladislas II the Outlaw (in Polish Władysław II Wygnaniec ) (1105, Cracow - May 30th 1159, Altenbourg, Germany) Duc of Poland of 1138 with is 1146, it is the oldest son of Boleslas III the Stop-Chest and of Zbysława (Zbyslava) of Kiev, girl of Sviatopolk II. It is dynasty of the Piasts.

In 1125, Ladislas marries Agnès de Babenberg, the girl of the Margrave of Austria Léopold III. This marriage allows a bringing together with the opponents Lothaire II.

The will of Boleslas III the Stop-Chest

Boleslas III Stop-Chest dies the October 28th 1138. Its will, written a few years and inspired before of the habits of Kiev, mark the beginning of the territorial dismemberment of the Poland. It shared its State between its four sons, each one receiving a hereditary duchy.

Ladislas II the Outlaw receives the Silesia (with Wrocław like capital), Boleslas IV Curly the receives the Mazovie and the Cujavie (with Płock like capital), Mieszko III the Old man receives the Large-Poland (with Poznań like capital), Henri receives the duchy of Sandomierz (with Sandomierz like capital). The elder one of the male representatives of the dynasty Piast, Ladislas II the Outlaw, becomes the princeps (or senior ) and for this reason, control surface also on the Petite Poland (with Cracow like capital), the Eastern Large-Poland with Gniezno and Kalisz, the Western Poméranie, the Eastern Poméranie as well as the area of Łęczyca and Sieradz (which must return to him after the death of Salome, the second marries his/her father). It is him which decides in last spring on the questions of foreign politics, concludes the treaties, declares the wars, has the right of nomination, is the chief and the supreme judge.

Casimir II the Juste, who had not been born during the drafting of the will, does not receive anything.

Fight between Ladislas and his/her young brothers

As of 1139, Salome von Berg seeks to defend its interests and those of his/her children against Ladislas II the Outlaw who wants to restore the union of Poland. It benefits from the civil war in the Saint Empire to be allies.

In 1141, Salome and her sons meet in Łęczyca and set up a strategy to counter the ambitions of Ladislas. Salome in particular envisages to marry her three year old daughter, Agnieszka, with the son of Vsevolod II Olegovitch, large prince de Kiev. In 1142, Ladislas II precedes the operation of Salome by marrying her son Boleslas Ier Length in Zwienisława, the girl of Vsevolod II Olegovitch. The same year, it launches an offensive against his brothers and seizes several cities. In 1143, Ladislas names Mateusz bishop of Cracow.

Archbishop of Gniezno Jacques of Znina and of many Tycoon S, which estimates that a too large Centralisation of the capacity goes against their interests and to their influence, are joined the children of Salome to counter increasingly powerful Ladislas. In 1145, on the Pilica, the young people Duke S and the tycoons obtain a first victory over Ladislas supported by the Rus' of Kiev. Ladislas must recognize to them Suzerain be and return part of the to them Fief of Salome who has just died.

Ladislas II the Outlaw seeks to intimidate the tycoons and to eliminate most hostile. It makes burst the eyes of Piotr Włostowic, shown collusion with the young dukes, and condemns it to the banishment. Piotr Włostowic was a large very rich tycoon of Silesia, Palatin and national hero, profiting from the support of the Church and a great consideration abroad.

In 1146, Ladislas II, Rus' of Prussian Kiev and the , launch triple attacks against the young dukes. Ladislas continues its countryside to the doors of Poznań. During the seat of the city, the new conquered territories revolt and the archbishop of Gniezno launches a Anathème against Ladislas, enemy of peace and combined with pagan . Too much presumptuous, Ladislas continues the head office of Poznań but its army is put in rout by important rebellious forces and it must be folded up on Cracow.

The exile

Given up by its allies, having lost any support inside the country, it is exiled in Saxony, at the court of Conrad III. His/her young brothers seize Cracow. Boleslas IV Curly the of Mazovie succeeds to him as a princeps (duke of Cracow). The territory of Ladislas II is divided between Mieszko III the Old man and Henri de Sandomierz. In August 1146, Conrad III attacks Silesia but it is stopped on the Oder. It agrees to recognize the new Polish sovereigns in exchange of a financial arrangement and promise to submit itself to the imperial court for an arbitration. The young dukes will refuse the arbitration of the emperor, too occupied regulating internal problems to be able to impose it.

In 1147, Ladislas II accompanies Conrad III in its Croisade out of Holy Land. In 1148, the Guido cardinal, at the request of the wife of Ladislas and its friends of the imperial court, goes to Poland and requires the return of Ladislas II the Outlaw. Receiving a refusal, it launches an anathema against the dukes Polish and prohibited with the priests to take up their duties but the Polish clergy this order refuses. He asks Conrad III to intervene militarily in Poland but this one, under the threat of a new civil war, is unable to obey.

In 1157, after an ultimatum requiring the return of Ladislas II, Frederic Barberousse, the Saxon and the Czech launches their invasion by Silesia. The imperial troops cross Oder and lay down their conditions with the dukes: Silesia for Ladislas II the Outlaw, of the money and the troops for the military countryside Italian of Frederic Barberousse. Boleslas IV the Curly one must recognize imperial suzerainty.

In 1158, Boleslas IV cancels the treaty whereas Frederic Barberousse began his Italian countryside: no troops for the emperor, not of Silesia for Ladislas II the Outlaw who will die the following year.

See too

• History of Poland
• Piast