Lactobacille

Lactobacillus is one of Bactérie S with positive Gram, optional Anaérobie, called thus because the majority of its members convert the Lactose and others simple Sucres into Lactic acid. At the men (as in other animals) the lactobacilles are very widespread hosts and generally useful, even necessary, one finds them in the Vagin and the gastro-intestinal tract and they constitute an important component of the intestinal Flora. Many species play a great part in the decomposition of the vegetable matter. The production of lactic acid acidifies the environment, which inhibits the growth of certain harmful bacteria.

Some S of lactobacilles are used industrially for the production of the Yaourt, the Choucroute, the Pickles fermented and other food, like for the Ensilage. The Leavened bread is manufactured by using a “starting culture” which is a symbiotic culture of Levure S and lactic bacteria cultivated in a medium made up of flour and water. Some drinks with yoghourt contain lactobacilles like food complement. The Kimchi Korea N is also manufactured by using techniques of fermentation by the lactic acid. Many lactobacilles has this exceptional character among the being alive which they do not require of Fer for their growth and which they have a very high tolerance towards the Hydrogen peroxide. Some lactobacilles, particularly L. casei and L. brevis , are among most common of the organizations which deteriorate the Bière.

One made a success of with séquencer the Génome several members of this kind.

Many lactobacilles is this unusual which they operate by making use of the homofermentatif Métabolisme (i.e. they produce only of the lactic acid starting from sugars), and which they are aérotolérants in spite of the complete absence of a respiratory chain. This aerotolérance is dependant on the Manganèse and was studied (and explained) in the case of the Lactobacillus plantarum .

Bonds of information

  • the sequence of the genome of the lactobacille of yoghourt is revealed - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 13,9274-9279

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