Léopold Ier of Austria

See also: Léopold Ier

Leopold Ier de Habsbourg known as Der Glorwürdige (“worthy of glory”) or Das Schwert Habsburg (“the sword of the Habsbourg”), born the August 4th 1290 with Vienna, dead the February 28th 1326 with Strasbourg.

Duke of Austria and Styrie, third wire of the emperor Albert I {{er}} and of Elisabeth of Carinthie, heiress of the Görz-Tirol (or Gorizia - the Tyrol); junior by the Archduke Frederic Beautiful the (known under the name of Frederic III as anti-king then, in 1325 and 1326, like King of the Romans).

After the death of his parents, he became the head of the household of Habsbourg. He married in 1315 Catherine of Savoy (v. 1298-1336), from which he had only girls:

Catherine of Austria which married Enguerrand VI of Coucy (1315-1344) of which it had a son, Enguerrand VII, then the count Konrad II von Hardegg, burgrave of Magdeburg:
Agnes, married to Bolko II, lord of Fürstenberg and Schweidnitz.

As an administrator of the Germanic possessions of Habsbourg (in Alsace of the south, with the Swiss country of Bade, in and Bavaria, known in German under the denomination of Vorlande or Vorderösterreich ) with residence with Brugg and Baden, it undergoes a decisive defeat vis-a-vis in Switzerland with the Bataille of Morgarten the November 15th 1315.

It also tried to make elect his brother Frederic King of the Romans, against their cousin Louis de Wittelsbach. When, the September 28th 1322, this one had captured Frederic with thousand three hundred other gentlemen of Austria and Salzburg on the moor of Ampfing close to Mühldorff, Léopold continued the combat. This resistance, whereas Frederic were prisoner of Louis to the castle of Trausnitz in the Top Palatinat, the loss of alliance with the king of Bohemia and the proscription of the pope Jean XXII led this last to slacken it in the conditions of the Traité of Trausnitz of the March 13rd 1325: Frederic recognized his Louis cousin there like sovereign legitimates and engareait himself to turn over in capitivity if he did not manage to convince Léopold to deposit the weapons.

Having failed, Frederic turned over to Munich to constitute himself captive, while at the same time the pope had untied it of his oath. Impressed by his chivalrous honesty, Louis returned his friendship to his cousin (they had been high unit), divided his palate with him and they are reflected agreement to direct the Holy roman Empire jointly. Vis-a-vis the objections of the pope and Prince-voters, they signed a new treaty with Ulm the January 7th 1326, whereby Frederic would direct the Germany as a king of the Romans, while Louis would be crowned emperor in Italy. However, the death of Léopold the February 28th led Frederic to give up this imperial regency to direct only the only possessions of the Habsbourg.

For this episode, it was necessary to await 1438 so that Habsbourg, with Albert II, was again elected king of the Romans: meanwhile, the imperial throne was alternatively occupied by the dynasties of Bavaria (Wittelsbach) and of Luxembourg.

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