Kyū

kyū (級) is a Japanese Terme used in the martial arts as well as others practical traditional Japanese women like the Ikebana, the go or the ceremony of the to announce the various stages of the progression of a beginner before obtaining a rank daN .

Whereas the system of the ranks daN is comparable in all the activities where it applies, the system of the ranks kyu varies considerably from one activity to another. The kyū are arranged by decreasing order, until the first kyu ( shokyu , 初級), last stage before the first daN ( shodan 初段), but the number of degrees varies. There is thus more than thirty levels kyū to pass for the players of go, whereas the martial arts count six traditionally of them.

In the majority of the cases, the collation of ranks kyu is done under the only responsibility of the teacher, without having with one to refer to an authority higher as it is the case for daN .

The more traditional Budo , in addition to the system of kyu and daN , have a hierarchisation of responsibility: Oku iri , moguroku , gogmoguroku , etc until menkyo kaiden (large Master), or of teaching: hanchi , shihan , kyoshi , renshi etc For as much, all starts with the kyu .

In Aikido, certain teachers bind obtaining the Hakama to that of a particular kyū , in general 3rd, 2nd or 1st. There does not exist however general rule, this choice remaining with the discretion of each teacher. One binds especially the port of the hakama to an ease of displacement upright and knees, which this clothing for a beginner making complicates his first weapons.

Belts of color

In certain martial arts, like the Judo or the Karate, the majority of the Dōjō mark visually the progression of the ranks kyū by the color of the belt of the Keikogi (Obi) : white (6th kyū ), yellow (5th kyū ), orange (4th kyū ), green (3rd kyū ), blue (2nd kyū ), chestnut (1e kyū ).

In France, the system of the kyu and daN arrived with the judo (first visit of Jigoro Kano in 1920).

At the time, the names of the techniques had been francized: first of hip for O goshi (literally “large hip)”, third of foot for of hashi will barai … the system of kyu and of daN appearing obscure, one concretized it by allotting belts of color more easily identifiable; it was an even question of barette about the shoulder or the belt, with the military manner. The francized names were quickly abandoned (these terms having other virtues only simple classification), but the system of belt, non-seulement were preserved, but exported in Japan, initially for the children of the schools, then - these growing - for the adults.

This practice minoritairement is minoritairement employed in Aikido, where it concerns primarily the children, and does not have course in Kendo, nor in any other budô .

Literature

  • First Kyu , of Sung-Hwa Hong
    Cet work, originally in Korean, has as a subject a player of go. He was translated into English by the author and is the subject of a French translation which should appear in 2007 according to the site Tactigo

See too

Related articles

  • Budo > ranks in the '' budo ''

  • Belt in the budo

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