Kussar

Kussar or Kussara is a city hittite of the Antiquity, whose kings founded the first large Anatolian kingdom with the average Bronze.

The localization of Kussar is prone to debate, since the site of the city was not found yet. One generally agrees to locate it in Anatolia central, in full country hittite, towards the south of the river Kizil-Irmak, but it could be that it was located more at the east, in the area of current Dıvrığı.

The first king of this city which is known is Pithana. At the end of the period of the Assyrian commercial counters of Cappadoce (about 1800), it seizes the town of Nesha/Kanesh. His/her son Anitta makes this city his capital, as a head of lance to its name found in the palate of Kanesh attests it. He increases his kingdom considerably, by destroying in particular Hattusha, the capital of the kingdom of the Hatti. The continuation of the history of this kingdom is unknown for us. The destruction of Kanesh little time after death of Anitta (or even under its reign) appears to show a fast weakening of this State, perhaps vis-a-vis the offensives of kingdoms like that of Zalpa, in north, or of the Hourrites, in south-east.

The fact that Hattushili Ier, founder of the first kingdom hittite, is said going down from kings de Kussar confirms that this kingdom was a precursor of the great Anatolian empire which will dominate the area lasting the centuries which follow.

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