Koldo Mitxelena

Koldo Mitxelena Elissalt (Errenteria, 1915 - Saint-Sebastien, 1987), so known as Shine Michelena or Koldobika Mitxelena , is a Basque linguist Spanish.

In 1959, doctor of philosophy and letters. In 1958, it occupied the Chair languages and literature Basque S with the Université of Salamanque (first flesh of this language in a Spanish university) and in 1968 he was professor of Indo-European Linguistique . In 1978 it taken responsibility for its Faculty of Philology of the University of the Pays Basque. Member of the Academy of the Basque language ( Euskaltzaindia ), it is regarded as being an eminent person of the Basque language and was one of the craftsmen of the unification of this language.

Biography

Childhood and adolescence

Koldo Mitxelena is born within an artisanal manufacturing family. A disease obliges the child to remain with the bed during long enough what enables him to read long hours and to familiarize itself with will euskara and the Basque culture by awaking a vocation which was going to last all the life.

Of nationalist family, affiliated with Basque trade union ELA (Eusko Langileen Alkartasuna) and with PNV and drinks in the sources of the literary rebirth of Euskaltzaleak, of the youth movement euskerista directed by Aitzol. The daily life of Koldo Mitxelena proceeds between work being studied the factory, its, the assistance to meetings and the sport. The extraordinary Basque literary generation of after war interests it extremely:

Lizardi para semi supuso una revelación.
Lizardi for me is I suppose a revelation - Koldo Mitxelena

The political compromise

- The political compromise is something which touches us all; to feel more or less near, that it is already another question. There exists a danger: that to subordinate all to the political sector or all that the political sector completely gave up and without relation with the remainder. I consider that the two things are equal and at certain period for the person, for the company, each one feels consigned to intervene in policy. - Koldo Mitxelena

War, sentence with death and first stay in the prison

Person in charge of a military rising, Koldo Mitxelena is voluntarily presented in the form of a Basque nationalist. Prisoner with Santoña, it is shown of military rebellion and is condemned to died on September 7th, 1937. The sorrow is changed for a 30 years sorrow of reclusion. He knows the prisons of Dueso, of Larrínaga and Burgos.

He will irra with the prison of Burgos, thanks to knowledge and with the friendship with Spanish and university intellectual prisoners, where Koldo Mitxelena is convinced by Francisco Jordá, therefore professor of Archéologie, to start academic works. The intense misadventures of their life will not allow it to him up to 1948… Two books will mark it deeply, the Manuel of Spanish grammar of Menéndez Pidal and the History of Spain of Aguado Bleye.

Given in release on probation on January 13rd, 1943, its stay with the prison will have been 5 years, 4 months and 5 days.

Second prison stay

To 27 years and a precarious health, it turns over to its native Errenteria. The head of undertaking renterien Jose Uranga offers to him a post of accountant with Madrid. There it will combine work with clandestinity with it. They are especially significant moments where the opposition to Franco waits until the allies triumphs in IIe World war to involve the fall of the dictator.

April 10th, 1946, it is stopped for clandestine activities within the CNT (Confederación Nacional del Trabajo) and to direct Parti nationalist Basque. With him, fall three important resistant, Ramón Piñeiro and the Saco brothers… Condemned has two years of prison, one grants freedom to him on January 30th, 1948 after having been in the prisons of Alcala, Ocaña, Yeserías and Talavera.

Precariousness and intellectual development

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