Kléber agreements

See also: Kléber (homonymy)

After the rebellion of the north of the Ivory Coast, the France joins together of the 15 with the January 26th 2003, with Linas-Marcoussis the various parties of Ivory Coast in order to organize the return to peace. The January 26th, the agreements Kléber , known as Agreements of Marcoussis because negotiated in Linas-Marcoussis, was signed in the center of the International Conferences on the Kléber avenue in Paris.

Contents of the agreements

They envisaged in particular:

  • the maintenance with the capacity of Laurent Gbagbo, the president elected democratically in 2000, but after the elimination of its principal opponents (of which Alassane Ouattara) by the Supreme court, for defect of ivoirity;
  • formation of a government of “ national reconciliation ” including/understanding 44 members representing all the parties;
    • the rebels of north obtain the ministries for Defense and the Interior;
    • a Prime Minister is named in an irrevocable way until the next elections;
    • the FPI obtains 10 ministries, the RDR and the PDCI, 7 each one;
  • a revision of the Constitution, and in particular of the criteria of eligibility of the President;
  • a revision of the criteria of admission to the citizenship, which draws aside too many Men from the Ivory Coast
  • a reorganization of the armed forces;
  • translation in front of the International penal court of the persons in charge of executions summary.

Moreover, laws and payments must be taken in order to improve the condition from abroad and the protection of their goods and people.

This setting on an equal footing of the rebels and unworthy legal capacity in Ivory Coast, it is however traditional in this kind of agreements (see those of Sun City for ex-Zaire, of Lusaka).

Implementation

Seydou Diarra was named Prime Minister at the conclusion of this meeting, and of the capacities of the president of the Republic were deputy for him on March 10th.

UNO authorized on February 4th the CEDEAO and France to deploy troops to take care of the maintenance of cease-the-fire, concluded the May 3rd. The May 13rd, by the resolution 1479, the Safety advice of the United Nations creates a mission in Ivory Coast, the MINUCI, to facilitate the implementation of the agreements of Marcoussis, with a military component, in complement of the troops of CEDEAO and France. July 4th, rebels and government declare the end of the civil war.

Attempt at reactivation

The July 30th 2004, the top of Accra (Ghana), organized by UNO, gives a bill book of disarmament and political solution to the crisis which reappears since the beginning of the year (see Histoire of the Ivory Coast). It reiterates the main part of the agreements of Marcoussis under the name of agreements of Accra . Laurent Gbagbo promises to revise article 35 of the constitution which draws aside Alassane Ouattara of the presidency.

The August 9th, the rebellious ministers dismissed the May 19th and those having left the government after the manifestations of the March 25th reinstate the government. A decree is signed by Laurent Gbagbo who delegates new powers to the Prime Minister. It thus applies article 53 of the Constitution envisaged for the implementation of the Kléber agreements.

The October 13rd, the new Forces (former rebels) announce that they will not be disarmed as envisaged from the 15, because of the massive armament of FANCI (Armed forces main road of the Ivory Coast).

See too

  • Civil war of Ivory Coast

External bond

  • agreements on the site of the French Ministry for Foreign Affairs

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