Kingdom of Pagan

The Royaume of Pagan (849 - 1287) is regarded as the first true Burmese Empire.

During the domination of the kingdom Pyu of Sri Ksetra, (~ 500 - 950), the Bamas, pertaining to the Burmese ethnicity, had started to infiltrate in the center of the Burma, then occupied by of Pyus under the influence of the Bouddhisme mahāyāna of the Bengal and the Bihar. In 849, Pagan (known today under the name of Bagan ) had emerged like the capital of a powerful kingdom which was going to unify Burma and to fill the political space given up by Pyus.

The kingdom grows in a relative insulation, until the reign of Anawrahta (1044 - 1077), which converts with the Bouddhisme theravāda and unified Burma by its victory over the My S of Thaton in 1057. Its capacity was reinforced under its successors Kyanzittha (1084 - 1112) and Alaungsithu (1112 - 1167): in the middle of the century most of the Indochinese peninsula was under control, either of the kingdom of Pagan, or of the Khmer Empire.

The kingdom of Pagan started to decline as more and more grounds fell between the hands from the Buddhist monasteries and the Mongolian started to threaten its borders north. Last truth king de Pagan, Narathihapati (reign of 1254 with 1287), felt able to resist to the Mongols and advanced in the Yunnan in 1277 to face them. It was completely crushed with the Bataille of Ngasaunggyan, and the resistance of Pagan crumbled. Narhatipati was assassinated by one of its sons in 1287, which precipitated the invasion of the Mongols and the catch of the capital (Bataille of Pagan). Pagan could never regain its preeminence. The Mongols placed on his throne a sovereign marionette and the country was parcelled out quickly.

List kings de Pagan

^† Although Anawrahta is the " véritable" founder of Pagan, Thamudarit is counted like his founder " traditionnel" in the Chronic of the crystal Palate ( Hmannan Yazawin ).

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